Ceasefire Agreement

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Country/entity: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Yugoslavia (former)
Region: Europe and Eurasia
Agreement name: Ceasefire Agreement
Date: 5 May 1992
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Balkan Conflicts (1991 - 1995) (1998 - 2001)
Former Yugoslavia

The disintegration of former Yugoslavia post cold war saw conflicts which became mediated and produced peace agreements in Slovenia (where the brief independence conflict was mediated by the EC Troika in 1991), Croatia (between Croatian and Serb populations 1991-1995), in Bosnia (between Croatian, Serb and Bosniak populations 1992-1995), in Macedonia (where mediation played a key pre-emptive role in preventing large scale conflict in 2001), in Kosovo (between Kosovar Albanians and Serbian population and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY), but also between FRY and NATO, 1998-1999), and a conflict in the Presevo Valley (between Albanians in South Serbia and FRY, 2000-2001). The continued fall-out of the disintegration of former Yugoslavia also saw mediated agreement and ultimate dissolution of the Union between Serbia and Montenegro.

Bosnia-Herzegovina

In 1991, after nationalist parties won the first multi-party elections in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, a violent process of disintegration commenced. With its mixed population, Bosnia-Herzegovina became the centre of the following civil war that began in 1992 between the newly formed army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (mostly Muslim Bosniacs), and the parastatal forces of self-declared Bosnian Croat (Herzeg-Bosnia) and Bosnian Serb (Republika Srpska) entities within Bosnia-Herzegovina, supported by Croatia and Serbia, with various, often short-lived, coalitions. The General Framework Agreement (Dayton Peace Agreement), signed in 1995, split the country into two ethno-federal entities, the Bosniak-Croat Federation and the Republika Srpska, and included continued peacekeeping and institutional administration by international actors.

Kosovo

The conflict between Serbs and Kosovar Albanians has a long history and always involved territorial disputes as well as ethno-political, cultural and linguistic factors. The most recent phase of the conflict began in November 1997 when the Albanian Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA or UCK) began their campaign for the independence of Kosovo from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY – then Serbia and Montenegro). The subsequent war lasted until the NATO intervention, which undertook bombing campaigns of Belgrade and other places in Serbia during spring 1999. The main agreements solving the conflict were internationally driven and, finally, a UNSC resolution imposed a post-conflict arrangement in the wake of what was essentially a NATO military victory. In February 2008, Kosovo’s parliament declared independence, but independence is still internationally disputed.
Stage: Ceasefire/related
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Bosnia peace process
Parties: The Presidency; JNA [signatures illegible]
Third parties: Lord Carrington; ECMM [signatures illegible]
Description: This short agreement provides for an immediate ceasefire, exchange of captured and wounded lists, removal of dead bodies in cooperation with the ICRC, free movement of humanitarian aid and establishing hot lines between both sides.

Agreement document: BA_920505_Ceasefire agreement.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: Groups→Disabled persons→Substantive
Page 1,
...
It is agreed that by 2000 hs on 7th May lists will be exchanged containing the names of captured and wounded persons on each side.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 1,
...Each side will be permitted to immediately remove all dead bodies in cooperation with the International Committee for the Red cross (ICRC) and the ECMM...
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media logistics
Page 1,
...It is further agreed to allow the free flow of food and medical supplies to all hospitals and military instalations, as well as the restoring of power, water and telecomunication. Hot lines will be established immediately between both sides to
facilitate the solving of standing problems...
Mobility/access: Page 1,
...It is further agreed to allow the free flow of food and medical supplies to all hospitals and military instalations, as well as the restoring of power, water and telecomunication...
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Humanitarian assistance
Page 1,
...It is further agreed to allow the free flow of food and medical supplies to all hospitals and military instalations, as well as the restoring of power, water and telecomunication...
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: Page 1,
...It is further agreed to allow the free flow of food and medical supplies to all hospitals and military instalations, as well as the restoring of power, water and telecomunication...

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1,
...Fully respect a cease fire to take effect immediately in Sarajevo and effective from 2000 hs else where in Bosnia-Herzegovina on the 5th of May 1992. All sides in the conflict are urged to support the cease fire...
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: Page 1,
...It is agreed that by 2000 hs on 7th May lists will be exchanged containing the names of captured and wounded persons on each side. Each side will be permitted to immediately remove all dead bodies in cooperation with the International Committee for the Red cross
(ICRC) and the ECMM...
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: Page 1,
...It is agreed that by 2000 hs on 7th May lists will be exchanged containing the names of captured and wounded persons on each side. Each side will be permitted to immediately remove all dead bodies in cooperation with the International Committee for the Red cross (ICRC) and the ECMM...
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: Page 1,
Representatives of the Presidence of Bosnia- Herzegovina and the JNA, under the sponsorship of the personal representative of Lord Carrington and the head of the EC monitoring mission B-H have agreed to...
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: Page 1,
...Each side will be permitted to immediately remove all dead bodies in cooperation with the International Committee for the Red cross (ICRC) and the ECMM...Negotiations will continue at UNPROFOR HQ at 1200 hs on 6th May.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: ICTY Court Records, Karadzic trial exhibit P00948
http://icr.icty.org/

Representatives of the Presidency of Bosnia-Herzegovina and the JNA, under the sponsorship of the personal representative of Lord Carrington and the head of the EC monitoring mission B-H have agreed to:

Fully respect a cease fire to take effect immediately in Sarajevo and effective from 2000 hs else where in Bosnia-Herzegovina on the 5th of May 1992.

All sides in the conflict are urged to support the cease fire.

It is agreed that by 2000 hs on 7th May lists will be exchanged containing the names of captured and wounded persons on each side.

Each side will be permitted to immediately remove all dead bodies in cooperation with the International Committe for the Red cross (ICRC) and the ECMM.

It is further agreed to allow the free flow of food and medical supplies to all hospitals and military instalations, as well as the restoring of power, water and telecomunication.

Hot lines will be established immediately between both sides to facilitate the solving of standing problems.

Negotiations will continue at UNPROFOR HQ at 1200 hs on 6th May.

Signed in Sarajevo on 5th May 1992, at 19:30hs

Representative of The Presidency, JNA, Lord Carrington, ECMM