Second Meeting of the Joint Forum, Switzerland, 5-6 August 2000

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Country/entity: Indonesia
Aceh
Region: Asia and Pacific
Agreement name: Second Meeting of the Joint Forum, Switzerland, 5-6 August 2000
Date: 6 Aug 2000
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Indonesian Conflicts (1976 - )
Aceh Conflict (1976 - )
After a decade of increasing grievances against the centralist tendencies of the Suharto-government, the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) started a military campaign in 1976 for the independence of the province in the far northeast of the Indonesian archipelago. After near defeat in 1979, GAM regained strength with Libyan support and the heaviest fighting occurred during the late 1980s when the Indonesian military intensified its violent counter-insurgency policies. The devastating tsunami in December 2004 effectively destroyed Aceh’s infrastructure and severely reduced the operational capabilities of GAM. This weakening led to a signed peace agreement in August 2005, facilitated by the Finish NGO CMI Peace Negotiations.

Indonesia-Moluccas Conflict (1999-2002)
The fall of Suharto in 1997 sparked off a number of conflicts across Indonesia. In the Moluccas region, the administrative division was divided into Moluccas and North Moluccas, thereby exacerbating a conflict characterised by communal and sectarian divisions. In part these divisions were a result of an official government transmigration programme running from late 1960s onwards that spurred conflict over resources, including land. Faith-based militias were generally responsible for the fighting from 1999 until 2002, including Laskar Jihad, and human rights abuses were committed by both sides. Opportunistic crime was also responsible for of the violence. The military campaign by Lashkar Islam was aimed to displacing Christian residents. One such event was the expulsion of the Christian residents of the Banda Islands in April 1999. The conflict ended with the signing of the Malino II Accord on 13 February 2002.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Indonesia-Aceh peace process
Parties: Joint Forum (Indonesian Govt, Free Aceh Movement)
Third parties: Facilitator: Henry Dunant Centre (signatory)
Description: Account of second meeting of ceasefire monitoring body. Addressing needs of IDPs prioritised.

Agreement document: ID_000806_Second Meeting of the Joint Forum, Switzerland, 5-6 August 2000.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Substantive
Page 1, II. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 2. Joint Forum recommends that the members of the JCHA focus on practical measures to ensure the swift delivery of humanitarian assistance, especially of aid to IDPs. Specifically, the Joint Forum instructs the JCHA to:

Page 2, II. Directives
B. Directive made in relation to the Joint Committee on Security Modalities
1. The Joint Forum instructs the Joint Committee on Security Modalities (JCSM) to:
a) Address the IDP issue asa matter of urgency. in particular, increase the number of joint visits to the field in collaboration with the JCHA in order to escort IDPs back to their homes in a voluntary, safe and secure manner

Page 3, II. Directives
B. Directive made in relation to the Joint Committee on Security Modalities
... 2. The Joint Forum instructs the JCSM Monitoring Team to:
... d) Investigate the causes of displacement with regard to IDPs

Page 3, II. Directives
C. Directives made with regard to the Humanitarian Pause in general: 1. The Joint Forum encourages both Joint Committees and Monitoring Teams need to work within a common framework, especially in regard to the issue of IDPs.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 2, Il. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 4. The Joint Forum encourages HDC to:
a) Strengthen its efforts to mobilize funding for humanitarian assistance

Page 2, II. Directives
B. Directive made in relation to the Joint Committee on Security Modalities
1. The Joint Forum instructs the Joint Committee on Security Modalities (JCSM) to:
... f) Investigate, in consultation with the Henry Dunant Centre (HDC), how the logistic and administrative requirements in Paragraph 1 of the Security Modalities report of 31 July 2000 can be provided for the Joint Committee

Page 2, II. Directives
B. Directive made in relation to the Joint Committee on Security Modalities
... 2. The Joint Forum instructs the JCSM Monitoring Team to:
... c) Prepare, with the support from HDC, and use a standard reporting format
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media roles
Page 2, Il. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 2. ... d) Jointly publicise humanitarian aid activities co-ordinated by the JCHA

ge 2, II. Directives
B. Directive made in relation to the Joint Committee on Security Modalities
1. The Joint Forum instructs the Joint Committee on Security Modalities (JCSM) to:
... e) Jointly develop and implement a greater degree of socialization, especially in regard to media relations
Mobility/access: Page 2, Il. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 2. ... c) Ensure the unhindered access of humanitarian aid endorsed with a Stamp of Guarantee by the JCHA to those in need- whatever the source or implementing agency- as mandated in the Joint Understanding, Article 3, Section B

Page 2, Il. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 3. The Joint Forum also instructs the JCHA Monitoring Team to:
... b) Report on any blockages of the delivery of humanitarian aid
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Humanitarian assistance
Page 1, I. Preamble
... The Joint Forum expressed again its appreciation for the continued efforts and work of the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action (JCHA), the Joint Committee on Security Modalities (JCSM) and the Monitoring Teams. in addition, the Joint Forum takes note of the Report of the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action, and the Report of the Joint Committee on Security Modalities.

Page 1, II. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
1. The Joint Forum takes note of and is in agreement with the observations and recommendations on the problems faced by the JCHA with regard to co- ordinating humanitarian assistance cited in chapters four and five of the report of the JCHA.

Page 1, II. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 2. ... a) As stated in the Joint Understanding, Article 3, Section B, and the Directive No. 1, Chapter il, Section A, Paragraph b, co-ordinate and channel all existing and future humanitarian assistance to those in need

Page 1, II. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 2. ... b) Reiterate and demonstrate the JCHA's commitment to the principle of neutrality with regard to the distribution and co-ordination of humanitarian aid

Page 2, Il. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 2. ... e) Develop a proposal for expanding JCHA's presence in the and to submit this proposal to the Joint Forum

Page 2, Il. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 3. The Joint Forum also instructs the JCHA Monitoring Team to:
a) Strengthen its activities, with the support of HDC, to fulfil its mandated role as stated in the Joint Understanding, Article 3, Section B
...
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: Page 2:
4. The Joint Forum encourages HDC to:
. a) Strengthen its efforts to mobilize funding for humanitarian assistance
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: Page 2, Il. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 5. The Joint Forum condemns any parties involved in the alleged acts of food or cigarette poisoning which has been brought to its attention due to the detrimental effect of such actions on the success of the Humanitarian Pause.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→General commitments
Page 1, I. Preamble
... The Joint Forum expressed again its appreciation for the continued efforts and work of the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action (JCHA), the Joint Committee on Security Modalities (JCSM) and the Monitoring Teams. in addition, the Joint Forum takes note of the Report of the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action, and the Report of the Joint Committee on Security Modalities.

Page 2, II. Directives
B. Directive made in relation to the Joint Committee on Security Modalities
1. The Joint Forum instructs the Joint Committee on Security Modalities (JCSM) to:
... c) Report on the follow-up to recommendations in the Monitoring Team
d) Prepare and present proposals on how to effectively expand its presence in the field

Page 2, II. Directives
B. Directive made in relation to the Joint Committee on Security Modalities
... 2. The Joint Forum instructs the JCSM Monitoring Team to:
[Summary] Clause outlines responsibiliies of the JSCM Monitoring Team.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue; on file with author

I. Preamble

At its second meeting on 5-6 August 2000 in Switzerland, the Joint Forum expressed its appreciation for the continued understanding and willingness of all members to continue to engage in discussions.

in this meeting, the appointed Representatives from the two Joint Committees participated in the meeting as resource persons.

The Joint Forum expressed again its appreciation for the continued efforts and work of the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action (JCHA), the Joint Committee on Security Modalities (JCSM) and the Monitoring Teams.

in addition, the Joint Forum takes note of the Report of the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action, and the Report of the Joint Committee on Security Modalities.

Finally, the Joint Forum renews its commitment to honour the Joint Understanding for the humanitarian Pause and to improve its implementation.

II. Directives

A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action

1. The Joint Forum takes note of and is in agreement with the observations and recommendations on the problems faced by the JCHA with regard to co- ordinating humanitarian assistance cited in chapters four and five of the report of the JCHA.

2. Joint Forum recommends that the members of the JCHA focus on practical measures to ensure the swift delivery of humanitarian assistance, especially of aid to IDPs.

Specifically, the Joint Forum instructs the JCHA to:

. a) As stated in the Joint Understanding, Article 3, Section B, and the Directive No.

1, Chapter il, Section A, Paragraph b, co-ordinate and channel all existing and future humanitarian assistance to those in need

. b) Reiterate and demonstrate the JCHA's commitment to the principle of neutrality with regard to the distribution and co-ordination of humanitarian aid

c) Ensure the unhindered access of humanitarian aid endorsed with a Stamp of Guarantee by the JCHA to those in need- whatever the source or implementing agency- as mandated in the Joint Understanding, Article 3, Section B

. d) Jointly publicize humanitarian aid activities co-ordinated by the JCHA

. e) Develop a proposal for expanding JCHA's presence in the and to

submit this proposal to the Joint Forum

. 3.

The Joint Forum also instructs the JCHA Monitoring Team to:

. a) Strengthen its activities, with the support of HDC, to fulfil its mandated role as stated in the Joint Understanding, Article 3, Section B

. b) Report on any blockages of the delivery of humanitarian aid

. c) Ensure that all reports are disseminated to both the JCHA and to the Joint

Forum in a systematic and responsible manner

. 4.

The Joint Forum encourages HDC to:

. a) Strengthen its efforts to mobilize funding for humanitarian assistance

. 5.

The Joint Forum condemns any parties involved in the alleged acts of food or cigarette poisoning which has been brought to its attention due to the detrimental effect of such actions on the success of the Humanitarian Pause.

. B. Directive made in relation to the Joint Committee on Security Modalities

. 1.

The Joint Forum instructs the Joint Committee on Security Modalities (JCSM) to:

. a) Address the IDP issue asa matter of urgency.

in particular, increase the number of joint visits to the field in collaboration with the JCHA in order to escort IDPs back to their homes in a voluntary, safe and secure manner

. b) Clarify the Ground Rules, especially the specific terms cited in Paragraph 4 of the Security Modalities report of 31 July 2000, using references to field incidents and report back the Joint Forum on or before August 17, 2000.

. c) Report on the follow-up to recommendations in the Monitoring Team

. d) Prepare and present proposals on how to effectively expand its presence in the field

. e) Jointly develop and implement a greater degree of socialization, especially in regard to media relations

. t) Investigate, in consultation with the Henry Dunant Centre (HDC), how the logistic and administrative requirements in Paragraph 1 of the Security Modalities report of 31 July 2000 can be provided for the Joint Committee

. 2.

The Joint Forum instructs the JCSM Monitoring Team to:

. a) Improve the quality of reporting by presenting it in a more objective, factual manner, and attaching forensic reports where relevant.

. b) Recognize that these reports are to be used by the Joint Committee members to act on, and are not written for judicial purposes

. c) Prepare, with the support from IIDC, and use a standard reporting form at

. d) Investigate the causes of displacement with regard to IDPs

. e) Obtain two signatures on all reports and distribute these reports to the

JCSM, the JCHA and the Joint Forum

. 3.

The Monitoring Team reports may be distributed to the press when the Joint Forum is assured that the quality of the reports has improved and the necessary procedural requirements are met.

. C. Directives made with regard to the Humanitarian Pause in general:

1. The Joint Forum encourages both Joint Committees and Monitoring Teams need to work

. within a common framework, especially in regard to the issue of IDPs.

. D. Directives made in relation to the problems submitted to the Joint Forum by the JCSM:

. 1.

The Joint Forum reviews progress on the six outstanding issues submitted by the JCSM at the first Joint Forum meeting, and decided that the two Chairpersons o f the JCSM, who were present at this Joint Forum meeting should brief the JCSM on the outcome of the JF review.