Country/entity

Central African Republic

Region

Africa (excl MENA)

Agreement name

Accord de Ouadda

Date

15 Aug 2020

Agreement status

Multiparty signed/agreed

Interim arrangement

Yes

Agreement/conflict level

Intrastate/local conflict

Central African Republic Conflicts (1996 - )

The Central African Republic conflict is one of a set of regionally connected conflicts addressed by the African Great Lakes process. After the country gained independence from France in 1960 it has been ruled by a sequence of autocratic leaders that principally gained power through coups. Since the mid-1990s several waves of internal conflict took place in the Central African Republic, primarily along tribal, and later-on increasingly sectarian, lines. In 1996 and 1997, French troops and soldiers from neighbouring countries intervened to end a mutiny in the capital, Bangui, by factions of the army. The fighting was predominantly along tribal lines, with southern tribes in revolt against the ‘northern’ government. A UN mission was installed in 1998 to secure the truce.
After General Bozizé took control of the country after several coup attempts in 2003, a ‘bush war’ began led by armed opposition forces. From late 2006 onward, government troops with French military support severely weakened the rebels. Following this, a number of agreements were signed during 2007-2008, but not all factions have accepted them. In 2011, Bozizé was re-elected in supposedly fraudulent elections, which resulted in a new wave of uprisings. Séléka, an alliance of northern rebel groups, took over parts of the country and forced Bozizé to agree to a power-sharing deal. However, after this agreement broke down, Séléka took control of Bangui and Bozizé had to flee the country in 2013. Leader of Séléka, Michel Djotodia, took office and officially disbanded Séléka. However, continual violence between ex-Séléka groups and opposing militias, collectively known as ‘anti-balaka’, persisted and Djotodia was forced to resign less than a year later. Catherine Samba-Panza was installed as interim president until Faustin Archange Touadéra was elected in January 2016. In February 2019 an agreement was signed between the government and fourteen armed groups, including ex-Seleka groups, committed to disarmament. However, violence between ex-Seleka groups and anti-balaka continues.

Close

Central African Republic Conflicts (1996 - )

Stage

Ceasefire/related

Conflict nature

Inter-group

Peace process

CAR: Local Processes

Parties

The following military officials have signed this commitment:
CL ANAMO AHAMAT DAGACHE
COORDINATOR - BOURMA-GUIDJA
OUADDA CON-ZONE - HASSANE
COLONEL NARKOYO
COLONEL B13

Third parties

The following officials were witnesses:
THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE ISLAMIC COMMITTEE OF BRIA -BRIA ISSAKHA-ABAKAR
THE PRESIDENT OF THE OUADDA ISLAMIC COMMITTEE - ABDOULAYE MAHAMOUD
THE MAYOR OF THE CITY OF OUADDA - [signature]
THE GREAT MOSQUE IMAM - [signature]
THE BORNOU MOSQUE IMAM - [signature]
WALDA CHEIKH DAHIYA - [signature]
HEAD OF THE GOULA - [signature]
HEAD OF THE SARA - [signature]
HEAD OF THE KARA OF BRIA - ADAM CHAIB
CMOP / MPC - ADAWI HASSAN
CTS / RPRC - YASSA ABDOULAYE
CTS / FPRC - ABDOULAYE MAHAMAT
HEAD OF THE ARABS - IBRAHIM ALMAHADI
MONITORING COMMITTEE- HADJIBANE HAMADINE, AMAT HASSANE DELEGE

Negotiated by the prefect of Haute-Kotto and with the support of MINUSCA

Description

Short agreement containing shared commitments between military officials of the city of Ouadda Maikaga, following the reconciliation between the Goula and Sara communities of Ouadda. They commit to securing the population on a non-discriminatory basis, free movement between the city center and Bornou districts, promoting return of displaced persons, and bringing Sara's military back into the chain of command.

Agreement document

CF_200815_Accord de Ouadda_tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Agreement document (original language)

CF_200815_Accord de Ouadda.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Local agreement properties

Process type

Informal but persistent process

Rationale

This agreement follows earlier mediation efforts, and was the result of mediation by the local implementation and technical committees (the Comite de Mise en Oeuvre Prefectural and the Comite Technique de Securite) which were formed with MINUSCA's support.

Is there a documented link to a national peace process?

Yes

Link to national process: articulated rationale

Although not stated in the agreement, the Comite de Mise en Oeuvre Prefectural and the Comite Technique de Securite were formed with MINUSCA's support so that they could function as the official follow up mechanisms of the peace agreement (the Political Accord for Peace and Reconciliation in the Central African Republic).

Name of Locale

Ouadda

Nature of Locale

City

GPS Lat/Long (DD)

8.069155, 22.395439

Participant type

Local state actor
Local armed group
International or transnational actor
Domestic religious organisation/leader or other elder
Regional state actor

Mediator, facilitator or similar

Mediator or similar referred to

Mediator (references)

Negotiated by the prefect of Haute-Kotto and with the support of MINUSCA

Type of mediator/facilitator/similar

Regional state actor International or transnational actor

Local issues

Ritual/prayer and process (including use of scripture)

No specific mention.

Grievance List

No specific mention.

Cattle rustling/banditry

No specific mention.

Social cover

No specific mention.

PREFECTURE OF HAUTE-KOTTO

OUADDA-MAIKAGA SUB-PREFECTURE

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

UNIT - DIGNITY - WORK

SECURITY COMMITMENT (Accord de Ouadda)

We, the military officials of the city of Ouadda Maikaga, following the reconciliation between the Goula and Sara communities of Ouadda, commit to:

Securing the entire population of Ouadda regardless of ethnicity, race, and religion.

Allowing free movement between the city center and Bornou districts.

Promoting the return of displaced civilians to their neighborhoods and ensuring their safety.

Bring Sara's military back within our military chain of command.

The following military officials have signed this commitment:

COORDINATOR

OUADDA CON-ZONE

The following officials were witnesses:

THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE ISLAMIC COMMITTEE OF BRIA

THE PRESIDENT OF THE OUADDA ISLAMIC COMMITTEE

THE MAYOR OF THE CITY OF OUADDA

THE GREAT MOSQUE IMAM

THE BORNOU MOSQUE IMAM

WALDA CHEIKH DAHIYA

HEAD OF THE GOULA

HEAD OF THE SARA

HEAD OF THE KARA OF BRIA

CMOP / MPC

CTS / RPRC

CTS / FPRC

HEAD OF THE ARABS

MONITORING COMMITTEE

Negotiated by the prefect of Haute-Kotto and with the support of MINUSCA