Accord de Paix de Bangassou

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Country/entity: Central African Republic
Region: Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name: Accord de Paix de Bangassou
Date: 9 Apr 2018
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/local conflict
Central African Republic Conflicts (1996 - )
The Central African Republic conflict is one of a set of regionally connected conflicts addressed by the African Great Lakes process. After the country gained independence from France in 1960 it has been ruled by a sequence of autocratic leaders that principally gained power through coups. Since the mid-1990s several waves of internal conflict took place in the Central African Republic, primarily along tribal, and later-on increasingly sectarian, lines. In 1996 and 1997, French troops and soldiers from neighbouring countries intervened to end a mutiny in the capital, Bangui, by factions of the army. The fighting was predominantly along tribal lines, with southern tribes in revolt against the ‘northern’ government. A UN mission was installed in 1998 to secure the truce.
After General Bozizé took control of the country after several coup attempts in 2003, a ‘bush war’ began led by armed opposition forces. From late 2006 onward, government troops with French military support severely weakened the rebels. Following this, a number of agreements were signed during 2007-2008, but not all factions have accepted them. In 2011, Bozizé was re-elected in supposedly fraudulent elections, which resulted in a new wave of uprisings. Séléka, an alliance of northern rebel groups, took over parts of the country and forced Bozizé to agree to a power-sharing deal. However, after this agreement broke down, Séléka took control of Bangui and Bozizé had to flee the country in 2013. Leader of Séléka, Michel Djotodia, took office and officially disbanded Séléka. However, continual violence between ex-Séléka groups and opposing militias, collectively known as ‘anti-balaka’, persisted and Djotodia was forced to resign less than a year later. Catherine Samba-Panza was installed as interim president until Faustin Archange Touadéra was elected in January 2016. In February 2019 an agreement was signed between the government and fourteen armed groups, including ex-Seleka groups, committed to disarmament. However, violence between ex-Seleka groups and anti-balaka continues.
Stage: Framework/substantive - comprehensive
Conflict nature: Inter-group
Peace process: CAR: Local Processes
Parties: 1. For young people: Misset Fred

2. For self-defense groups: Linet Roger

3. For the Organization of Central African Women (OFCA): Libengue Louise

4. For the heads of districts and villages: Abourou Dieudonne

5. For those displaced from the Saint Louis site in Bangassou: Mahamat Abdoulaye

6. For the Platform of Religious Confessions of the Central African Republic

(PCRC) Bangassou: Abbe Modoue Martin

7. For the economic operators of Bangassou: [illegible ] Diarra Phili

8. For Civil Servants: Doungoua Jean Jacques

9. For the deputies: Ndaguiama Paul

10.For humanitarian aid workers: Gbeti Crepin

11.The mayor of the town: Demba Theophile

12.The Prefect of Mbomou: Nouidemona Richard
Third parties: Page 3:
13. head of office of MINUSCA: Rosevel Pierre Louis
Description: This agreement lists the recommendations that the signing parties are to implement. In particular, the armed groups are asked to maintain a ceasefire and allow for free flow of people and goods, while MINUSCA, religious organisations, and humanitarians are to assist in maintaining security, work on community violence reduction programmes and support for local populations.

Agreement document: CF_180409_Accord de Paix de Bangassou_Translation.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CF_180409_Accord de Paix de Bangassou.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Local agreement properties

Process type: Informal but persistent process
Rationale: There are multiple recorded agreements that relate to Bangassou and the nearby areas; there is also a clearly persistent practice of agreement-making, particularly involving support from MINUSCA. However, these are not agreements that stem for a formal and structured process.
Is there a documented link to a national peace process?: No
Link to national process: articulated rationale: The agreement does not refer to any national-level agreement, and while it does pose recommendations to the CAR government, it does not link to the national-level process.
Name of Locale: Bangassou
Nature of Locale: City
GPS Lat/Long (DD): 4.740358, 22.823945
Participant type: Local state actor
Local armed group
International or transnational actor
Domestic religious organisation/leader or other elder
Local community/civilian group(s)/civil society organisations
Regional state actor
Mediator, facilitator or similar: Mediator or similar referred to
Mediator (references): Agreement is signed by MINUSCA representative Page 3: 13. head of office of MINUSCA: Rosevel Pierre Louis
Type of mediator/facilitator/similar: Local community/civilian group(s)/civil society organisations International or transnational actor

Local issues

Ritual/prayer and process (including use of scripture): No specific mention.
Grievance List: No specific mention.
Cattle rustling/banditry: No specific mention.
Social cover: No specific mention.

Central African Republic Bangassou, April 09, 2018

Unity - Dignity - Work

RECOMMENDATIONS

We, participants in the meeting of entities of the city of Bangassou, held from 07 to 08 April 2018, in the meeting room of the municipality of Bangassou, recommend:

1. TO THE GOVERNMENT:

Disarmament of all armed groups (self-defense and those of the displaced persons site of the minor Saint Louis seminary).

Restoration of state authority.

Reopening of the Bambari-Bangassou corridor

Redeployment of the Central African armed forces (FACA) in Bangassou

Increasing the number of internal security forces (FSI)

Strengthening of the education and health system.

Granting of credits to economic operators in Bangassou for their outstanding debts

Redeployment and strengthening of the judiciary system

Dismantling of illegal barriers in Mbomou and on the Bambari-Bangassou axis

2. TO MINUSCA:

Neutrality in their activities

Creation of jobs for young people

Training of young people and women in the culture of peace

Securing Mbomou

Sensitization of the population on the role of MINUSCA

Establishment of checkpoints together with the local authorities

Establishment of a community violence reduction (CVR) program

3. TO THE ARMED GROUPS:

Free movement of humanitarian workers

Immediate cessation of hostilities

Opening of the humanitarian corridor (the market on the small seminar site)

Free movement of goods and people

Acceptance of the community violence reduction (CVR) program

Dismantling of illegal barriers in Bangassou and outskirts

4. FOR THE PLATFORM OF RELIGIOUS CONFESSIONS OF CENTRAL AFRICA (PCRC):

Psychosocial support for victims of the crisis in Bangassou

Training of young people and adults on conflict management and prevention

5. TO HUMANITARIAN AID WORKERS:

Support community initiatives

Local staff recruitment

Sensitization of the population on the importance of Humanitarian Aid

Given these recommendations, we undertake to respect them and to say:

NEVER AGAIN.

Done in Bangassou on April 09, 2018

1. For young people:

Misset Fred

For self-defense groups:

Linet Roger

For the Organization of Central African Women (OFCA): Libengue Louise

For the heads of districts and villages:

Abourou Dieudonne

For those displaced from the Saint Louis site in Bangassou:

Mahamat Abdoulaye

For the Platform of Religious Confessions of the Central African Republic

(PCRC) Bangassou:

Abbe Modoue Martin

For the economic operators of Bangassou:

[illegible ] Diarra Phili

For Civil Servants:

Doungoua Jean Jacques

For the deputies:

Ndaguiama Paul

10.For humanitarian aid workers:

Gbeti Crepin

11.The mayor of the town:

Demba Theophile

12.The Prefect of Mbomou:

Nouidemona Richard

13. head of office of MINUSCA:

Rosevel Pierre Louis (observer?

of the process?)

List of members of the monitoring committee

1. Youth:

MISSET Fred

2. Self-defense:

LINET Roger

3. Bangassou Central African Women's Organization:

LIBENGUE Louise

5. Heads of districts:

ABOUROU Dieudonne

6. Humanitarian aid workers:

GBETI Strainer

7. Site of the displaced:

MAHAMAT Abdoulaye

8. Platform:

Abbe MODOUE Martin

9. Economic operators:

Sylvain BIZOE

10.Officials:

DOUNGOUA Jean Jacques

11.Honorable Members:

NDAGUIAMA Paul

12.Mayor:

DEMBA Théophile

13.Interim prefect:

NOUIDEMONA Richard

14.MlNUSCA:

ROSEVEL Pierre Louis