Second Joint Acknowledgment of MILF Camps

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Country/entity: Philippines
Mindanao
Region: Asia and Pacific
Agreement name: Second Joint Acknowledgment of MILF Camps
Date: 6 Oct 1999
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Philippine Insurgencies (1968 - )
The Maoist Insurgencies (1968 - )

Philippines-NDF

The Philippines have been defined by a series of center-periphery and often ideologically Maoist, separatist insurgencies. The Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), began its war against the central Philippine government in 1968 through their armed wing – the New People’s Army (NPA). Further legitimacy was gained through the establishment of the National Democratic Front (NDF) in 1973. Grievances were predominantly opposed to the corruption and repression under the authoritarian Marcos regime.

Philippines-Cordillera

With the overthrow of Marcos’ regime in 1986, the CPP factionalized further to take on more localized characteristics. The Cordillera Peoples Liberation Army (CPLA) broke away from the NDF in 1986 to focus on the protection of the Cordilleran people and land in northern Luzon. Hostilities were formally ended in July 2011, with an agreement signed between the central government, the CPLA and the Cordillera Bodong Administration (CBA) that allowed for the absorption of CPLA fighters into the Philippine Army and the re-working of the CBA-CPLA into a socio-development organisation.

Philippines-RPM-P

Meanwhile, purge among the CPP in the early 1990s, encouraged the formation of a parallel party, the Revolutionary Workers Party (RPM-P). Their armed wing, the Alex Boncayao Brigade (ABB) which had carried out a number of assassinations during the 1980s at the bequest of the CPP, followed suit and allied themselves with the RPM-P in 1997 forming the (RPM-P-RPA-ABB). Severely weakened by the split with the CPP and with the arrest of several key figures, the RPM-P-RPA-ABB signed a peace agreement in December 2000, which encouraged the RPM-P’s branch in Mindanao to break away in 2001.

The CPP-NPA has only participated in intermittent talks with the government. Talks halted in 2004 when Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo’s administration sought closer ties with the U.S. in the war on terror and added the CPP-NPA to the list of terrorist organisations, renewing violence. Following the launch of a counter-insurgency by the Philippine government, negotiations have been further delayed due to suspected internal differences between the CPP ‘old guard’ and younger members.

The Moro Insurgency (1968 - )

Philippines-Mindanao

The Moro Insurgency began in 1968, in Mindanao and the Sulu archipelago after the killing of Moro Commandos, the so-called Jabidah Massacre, by the Philippine Army following a plot to invade Sabah province in Malaysia. The Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) captured a swath of territory in the mid-1970s. In an attempt to stem the violence, the constitution was reformed and Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was created 1990 granting a devolution of power to the provinces of Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi. Following the establishment of the ARMM, the MNLF splintered into a range of smaller groups including Islamic factions such as the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) and the Abu Sayef Goup (ASG). The Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro was signed in 2014.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Philippines - Mindanao process
Parties: USec. Orlando V. Soriano, GRP Negotiating Panel Chairman;
Ghazali Jaafar, MILF Political Affairs Vice Chairman
Third parties: Witnesses:
BGen. Jose P. Torrelavega, GRP CCCH Chairman;
Atty. Zosimo Jesus M. Paredes III, GRP Negotiating Panel Legal Consultant;
Mohagher Iqbal, MILF Negotiating Panel Member;
Shiekh Abuhalil Yahya, MILF Majlis As-Shura Chairman
Description: Agreement by the Parties to effectively implement the cessation of hostilities by acknowledging the size and location of MILF camps/positions and that said camps/positions will be limited to those ares throughout the Peace Talks. Additionally, police and military actions and administrative activities will continue, but will avoid confrontational situations with MILF forces through prior coordination with the latter.

Agreement document: PH_991006_Second Joint Acknowledgement.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
To effectively implement the General Cessation of Hostilities and thus avoid armed encounters or confrontations between the GRP and MILF Forces, respectively, we, the undersigned, have agreed to acknowledge the following camps/positions of MILF: [...]

This acknowledgement shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:
A. That the sizes of the above-mentioned camps/positions shall be limited to those areas where the MILF forces are actually situated;
B. That the effectivity of this acknowledgement shall be for the duration of the GRP-MILF Peace Talks.
C. That all concerned government agencies shall be consulted in the verification process of said areas;
D. Police and military actions and administrative activities shall continue to be undertaken by the GRP throughout Mindanao and the entire country. In pursuit thereof, confrontational situation between the GRP and MILF Forces shall be avoided by prior coordination with the latter.
Police: [...] D. Police and military actions and administrative activities shall continue to be undertaken by the GRP throughout Mindanao and the entire country. In pursuit thereof, confrontational situation between the GRP and MILF Forces shall be avoided by prior coordination with the latter.
Armed forces: D. Police and military actions and administrative activities shall continue to be undertaken by the GRP throughout Mindanao and the entire country. In pursuit thereof, confrontational situation between the GRP and MILF Forces shall be avoided by prior coordination with the latter.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: To effectively implement the General Cessation of Hostilities and thus avoid armed encounters or confrontations between the GRP and MILF Forces, respectively, we, the undersigned, have agreed to acknowledge the following camps/positions of MILF:
1. Camp Bilal in Lanao Norte and Lanao Sur;
2. Camp Rajamuda in North cotabato and Maguindanao;
3. Camp Darapanan/Usama Bin Zaid in Maguindanao; and
4. Camp Badre in Maguindanao

This acknowledgement shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:
A. That the sizes of the above-mentioned camps/positions shall be limited to those areas where the MILF forces are actually situated;
B. That the effectivity of this acknowledgement shall be for the duration of the GRP-MILF Peace Talks.
C. That all concerned government agencies shall be consulted in the verification process of said areas;
D. Police and military actions and administrative activities shall continue to be undertaken by the GRP throughout Mindanao and the entire country. In pursuit thereof, confrontational situation between the GRP and MILF Forces shall be avoided by prior coordination with the latter.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: GRP-MILF Peace Process: Compilation of Signed Agreements & other related Documents (1997-2010); (MILF Peace Panel/Asia Foundation, 2010), p. 70.

SECOND JOINT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

TO EFFECTIVELY IMPLEMENT THE GENERAL CESSATION OF HOSTILITIES AND THUS AVOID ARMED ENCOUNTERS OR CONFRONTATIONS BETWEEN THE GRP AND MILF FORCES, RESPECTIVELY WE, THE UNDERSIGNED HAVE AGREED TO ACKNOWLEDGE THE FOLLOWING CAMPS/POSITIONS OF THE MILF

CAMP BILAL IN LANAO NORTE AND LANAO SUR.

CAMP RAJAMUDA IN NORTH COTABATO AND MAGUINDANAO

CAMP DARAPANANAUSAMA BIN ZAID IN MAGUINDANAO

CAMP OMAR IBN AL - KHATTAB IN MAGUINDANAO;

AND

CAMP BADRE IN MAGUINDANAO

THIS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT SHALL BE SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING TERMS AND CONDITIONS.

A. THAT THE SIZES OF THE ABOVE-MENTIONED CAMPS/POSITIONS SHALL BE LIMITED TO THOSE AREAS WHERE THE FORCES ARE ACTUALLY SITUATED.

B. THAT THE EFFECTIVITY OF THIS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT SHALL BE FOR THE DURATION OF THE GRP-MILF PEACE TALKS;

C. THAT ALL CONCERNED GOVERNMENT AGENCIES SHALL BE CONSULTED IN the VERIFICATION PROCESS OF SAD AREAS, AND

D. POLICE AND MILITARY ACTIONS AND ΑDMINSTRATTIVE ACTIVITIES SHALL CONTINUE ΤΟ BE UNDERTAKEN BY THE GRP THROUGHOUT MINDANAO AND THE ENTIRE COUNTRY.

In PURSUIT THEREOF, CONFRONTATIONAL SITUATION BETWEEN THE GRP AND MILF FORCES SHALL BE AVOIDED BY PRIOR COORDINATION WITH THE LATTER.

DONE THIS 6TH DAY OF OCTOBER 1999, AT THE PROVINCIAL CAPITOL BUILDING, CROSSING SIMUAY, SULTAN KUDARAT, MAGUINDANAO

FOR THE GRP.

USEC ORLANDO V SORIANO (CHAIRMAN GRP NEGOTIATING PANEL)

WITNESSETH

BGER JOSE P TORRELAVEGA (CHAIRMAN GRP CCCH)

ATTY ZOSIMO JESUS M PAREDES II (LEGAL CONSULTANT GRP NEGOTIATING PANEL)

FOR MILF;

GHAZALI JAAFAR (VICE CHAIRMAN FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS, MILF)

WITNESSETH

MOHAGHER IQBAL (MEMBER MILF NEGOTIATING PANEL)

SHIEKH ABUHALIL YAHYA (CHAIRMAN MAILIS AS-SHURN, MILF)