Comunicado entre el Gobierno Nacional y el Frente Francisco Garnica

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Comunicado entre el Gobierno Nacional y el Frente Francisco Garnica
Date: 14 Jun 1994
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia I - Gaviria
Parties: For the national government:

PA-X, Peace Agreement Access Tool (Translation © University of Edinburgh)
www.peaceagreements.org
2
• CARLOS EDUARDO JARAMILLO C., Presidential Council for Peace
• GONZALO DE FRANCISCO Z., Peace Council Adviser
• RUBÉN DARÍO RAMÍREZ, Peace Council Adviser
For FFGCG:

• AGUSTÍN ROJAS
• HERTA DÍAZ
• JUAN MIRANDA
• SILFREDO SANDINO
Third parties: For the church:
• MONSIGNOR GUILLERMO VEGA, Colombian Episcopal Conference
• PRESBYTER JOSÉ PEÑA, Archdiocese of Cartagena
Description: This agreement designates a safe camp for the Frente Francisco Garnica during the negotiations. The conditions/topics to discuss to achieve the goal of demobilisation are economic and social reinsertion (incl. health, housing, work projects and technical assistance), education, legal aid, security, a peace monument, and ‘favorabilidad política’ which I translate as a favourable political environment perhaps for the consideration of their concerns or creation of political parties. Finally, they are asking for the inclusion of the Catholic Church as moral guarantor in the process of negotiations.

Agreement document: CO_940614_ComunicadoGobiernoyFrenteFranciscoGarnica - tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_940614_ComunicadoGobiernoyFrenteFranciscoGarnica.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: Page 1, Article 3,
Invite the Catholic Church to act as guarantor and moral tutor for the duration of the negotiation process.

Catholic Church signs the agreement.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: Security sector→DDR→DDR programmes
Page 1, Article 1,
Declare the Juan Manuel Padilla camp, located in the surrounding area of the town of Cañaveral, a special demilitarised zone under Law 104, 1994. FFGCG will be located in this area for the duration of the peace negotiations.

Page 1, Article 2,
The following agenda is established to favour a quick agreement to allow the demobilisation of FFGCG:
1. economic and social reinsertion, including health, housing, productive projects and technical assistance for FFGCG members;
2. education;
3. legal benefits;
4. security;
5. peace monument in Parque Centenario;
6. political favourability.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Source: pdf from peacemaker

ANNEX 33

COMMUNICATION 1

The national government and the Francisco Garnica Guerrilla Coordination Front (Frente Francisco Garnica de la Coordinadora Guerrilla, FFGCG) communicate that today, 14 June, at a meeting in the town of Cañaveral in the municipality of Turbaco, department of Bolívar, it was agreed to initiate a process for peace negotiations to bring about the reincorporation of the members of FFGCG into civil life.

The following points were agreed at this first meeting:

Declare the Juan Manuel Padilla camp, located in the surrounding area of the town of Cañaveral, a special demilitarised zone under Law 104, 1994.

FFGCG will be located in this area for the duration of the peace negotiations.

The following agenda is established to favour a quick agreement to allow the demobilisation of FFGCG:

economic and social reinsertion, including health, housing, productive projects and technical assistance for FFGCG members;

education;

legal benefits;

security;

peace monument in Parque Centenario;

political favourability.

Invite the Catholic Church to act as guarantor and moral tutor for the duration of the negotiation process.

Cañaveral, municipality of Turbaco, 14 June 1994.

For the national government:

CARLOS EDUARDO JARAMILLO C., Presidential Council for Peace

GONZALO DE FRANCISCO Z., Peace Council Adviser

RUBÉN DARÍO RAMÍREZ, Peace Council Adviser

For FFGCG:

AGUSTÍN ROJAS

HERTA DÍAZ

JUAN MIRANDA

SILFREDO SANDINO

For the church:

MONSIGNOR GUILLERMO VEGA, Colombian Episcopal Conference

PRESBYTER JOSÉ PEÑA, Archdiocese of Cartagena