Accord de cessez-le-feu entre le Gouvernement de la République Centrafricaine et la Coalition Seleka
- Country/entity
-
Central African Republic
- Region
-
Africa (excl MENA)
- Agreement name
- Accord de cessez-le-feu entre le Gouvernement de la République Centrafricaine et la Coalition Seleka
- Date
- 11 Jan 2013
- Agreement status
- Multiparty signed/agreed
- Interim arrangement
- Yes
- Agreement/conflict level
- Intrastate/intrastate conflict
- Stage
- Ceasefire/related
- Conflict nature
- Government
- Peace process
- CAR: coups and rebellions process
- Parties
-
For the CAR Government
- Jean WILLYBIRO SAKO
For the SELEKA Coalition
- Michel DJOTODJIA
For CEEAC
- Nassour GUELENGDOUKSIA OUAIDOU, Secretary General of CEEAC
For the President of the Monitoring Committee
- Basile IKOUEBE, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Cooperation of the Republic of Congo - Third parties
- -
- Description
- This agreement provides for an immediate ceasefire and a cessation of all hostilities between the Central African Republic’s government and the SELEKA coalition within 72 hours. Issues covered include the abstention from media campaigns and aggressions against civilians. The agreement also contains provisions on humanitarian assistance, displaced persons, political prisoners, DDR and the establishment of an oversight commission, supervising the implementation of the ceasefire agreement.
- Agreement document
- CF_130111_AccordDeCessezleFeu_tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
- Agreement document (original language)
- CF_130111_AccordDeCessezLeFeu.pdf (opens in new tab)
Groups
- Children/youth
- Groups→Children/youth→SubstantivePage 2, Article 1
The belligerent parties must observe an immediate ceasefire, and end all hostilities within 72 hours of signing the Ceasefire Agreement. The ceasefire entails:
...
- The immediate cessation of all acts of violence against the civilian population, and the protection of human rights. These acts of violence include summary executions, torture, harassment, the detention and execution of civilians on grounds of ethnicity, as well as the recruitment of child soldiers, sexual violence, arming the civilian population, and the detention and execution of prisoners.
Page 2, Article 5
A priority programme must be established immediately in the following order:
...
2. Protection of human rights, including the release of all detained persons, cessation of sexual violence and the conscription of child soldiers; - Disabled persons
No specific mention.
- Elderly/age
No specific mention.
- Migrant workers
No specific mention.
- Racial/ethnic/national group
- Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→SubstantivePage 2, Article 1
The belligerent parties must observe an immediate ceasefire, and end all hostilities within 72 hours of signing the Ceasefire Agreement. The ceasefire entails:
...
- The immediate cessation of all acts of violence against the civilian population, and the protection of human rights. These acts of violence include summary executions, torture, harassment, the detention and execution of civilians on grounds of ethnicity, as well as the recruitment of child soldiers, sexual violence, arming the civilian population, and the detention and execution of prisoners. - Religious groups
No specific mention.
- Indigenous people
No specific mention.
- Other groups
No specific mention.
- Refugees/displaced persons
- Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→SubstantivePage 2, Article 2
Upon entry into force of this agreement, the Parties will facilitate the transport of humanitarian aid by opening humanitarian aid corridors and establishing favourable conditions for the provision of emergency services to displaced persons and others in need.
Page 2, Article 5
A priority programme must be established immediately in the following order:
1. Creation of the conditions needed for the return, reinstallation and reinsertion of persons displaced during the conflict . .. - Social class
No specific mention.
Gender
- Women, girls and gender
- Page 1, PREAMBLE
...
Considering the ongoing desire of His Excellency (Army) General François BOZIZE YANGOUVOUNDA, President of the Republic, Head of State, reiterated in his speech to the nation of December 2012, to promote tolerance, dialogue and reconciliation among all the sons and daughters of Central Africa;
Page 2, Article 1
The belligerent parties must observe an immediate ceasefire, and end all hostilities within 72 hours of signing the Ceasefire Agreement. The ceasefire entails:
...
- The immediate cessation of all acts of violence against the civilian population, and the protection of human rights. These acts of violence include summary executions, torture, harassment, the detention and execution of civilians on grounds of ethnicity, as well as the recruitment of child soldiers, sexual violence, arming the civilian population, and the detention and execution of prisoners.
Page 2, Article 5
A priority programme must be established immediately in the following order:
...
2. Protection of human rights, including the release of all detained persons, cessation of sexual violence and the conscription of child soldiers; - Men and boys
- Gender→Men and boys→Gender neutral wordingPage 1, PREAMBLE
...
Considering the ongoing desire of His Excellency (Army) General François BOZIZE YANGOUVOUNDA, President of the Republic, Head of State, reiterated in his speech to the nation of December 2012, to promote tolerance, dialogue and reconciliation among all the sons and daughters of Central Africa; - LGBTI
No specific mention.
- Family
No specific mention.
State definition
- Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
- State configuration
No specific mention.
- Self determination
No specific mention.
- Referendum
No specific mention.
- State symbols
No specific mention.
- Independence/secession
No specific mention.
- Accession/unification
No specific mention.
- Border delimitation
No specific mention.
- Cross-border provision
No specific mention.
Governance
- Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
- Elections
No specific mention.
- Electoral commission
No specific mention.
- Political parties reform
No specific mention.
- Civil society
- Page 2, Article 2
...
The Parties undertake to release political prisoners and prisoners of war, to guarantee the effective presence of the International Committee of the Red Cross (CICR)/Croissant-Rouge (CR)) following their release, and to enable it to evacuate the injured and bury the dead.
Page 3, Article 6
The signatories will set up a Monitoring Commission for implementation of the present agreement constituted as follows:
...
- For Civil Society: One (01) representative - Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
- Public administration
No specific mention.
- Constitution
No specific mention.
Power sharing
- Political power sharing
No specific mention.
- Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
- Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
- Military power sharing
No specific mention.
Human rights and equality
- Human rights/RoL general
- Page 2, Article 1
The belligerent parties must observe an immediate ceasefire, and end all hostilities within 72 hours of signing the Ceasefire Agreement. The ceasefire entails:
...
- The immediate cessation of all acts of violence against the civilian population, and the protection of human rights. These acts of violence include summary executions, torture, harassment, the detention and execution of civilians on grounds of ethnicity, as well as the recruitment of child soldiers, sexual violence, arming the civilian population, and the detention and execution of prisoners.
Page 2, Article 5
A priority programme must be established immediately in the following order:
...
2. Protection of human rights, including the release of all detained persons, cessation of sexual violence and the conscription of child soldiers; - Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
- Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
- Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
- Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.
Rights related issues
- Citizenship
No specific mention.
- Democracy
- Page 1, PREAMBLE
...
Conscious of the need for dialogue to establish a durable peace and security throughout the national territory, an essential condition for national reconstruction and democracy building;
Page 1, PREAMBLE
...
Considering the wish of the SELEKA coalition to restore democracy, to participate in negotiations, and to sign a Ceasefire and Withdrawal Agreement with the Central African Government; - Detention procedures
No specific mention.
- Media and communication
- Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media rolesPage 2, Article 1
The belligerent parties must observe an immediate ceasefire, and end all hostilities within 72 hours of signing the Ceasefire Agreement. The ceasefire entails:
- The immediate termination of and abstention from all media campaigns which may hinder efforts to develop a spirit of fraternity and national harmony;
Page 2, Article 1
...
The Parties will communicate this cessation of hostilities via their respective chains of command, and by means of the Press, to the civilian population. - Mobility/access
- Page 2, Article 2
Upon entry into force of this agreement, the Parties will facilitate the transport of humanitarian aid by opening humanitarian aid corridors and establishing favourable conditions for the provision of emergency services to displaced persons and others in need.
The Parties undertake to release political prisoners and prisoners of war, to guarantee the effective presence of the International Committee of the Red Cross (CICR)/Croissant-Rouge (CR)) following their release, and to enable it to evacuate the injured and bury the dead. - Protection measures
- Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of civiliansPage 2,
Article 1:
The belligerent parties must observe an immediate ceasefire, and end all hostilities within
72 hours of signing the Ceasefire Agreement.
The ceasefire entails:
- The immediate termination of and abstention from all media campaigns which may hinder efforts to develop a spirit of fraternity and national harmony;
- The immediate cessation of all acts of violence against the civilian population, and the protection of human rights.
Page 3,
Article 5
2. Protection of human rights, including the release of all detained persons, cessation
of sexual violence and the conscription of child soldiers; - Other
No specific mention.
Rights institutions
- NHRI
No specific mention.
- Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.
Justice sector reform
- Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
- State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
- Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
- Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
- Traditional Laws
No specific mention.
Socio-economic reconstruction
- Development or socio-economic reconstruction
No specific mention.
- National economic plan
No specific mention.
- Natural resources
No specific mention.
- International funds
No specific mention.
- Business
No specific mention.
- Taxation
No specific mention.
- Banks
No specific mention.
Land, property and environment
- Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
- Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
- Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
- Environment
No specific mention.
- Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.
Security sector
- Security Guarantees
- Page 1, PREAMBLE
...
Conscious of the need for dialogue to establish a durable peace and security throughout the national territory, an essential condition for national reconstruction and democracy building; - Ceasefire
- Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision[The whole agreement provides for a ceasefire and its modalities]
Page 2, Article 1
The belligerent parties must observe an immediate ceasefire, and end all hostilities within 72 hours of signing the Ceasefire Agreement. The ceasefire entails:
... - The immediate cessation of all acts of violence against the civilian population, and the protection of human rights. These acts of violence include summary executions, torture, harassment, the detention and execution of civilians on grounds of ethnicity, as well as the recruitment of child soldiers, sexual violence, arming the civilian population, and the detention and execution of prisoners.
Page 3, Article 8
Upon signature the present Ceasefire Agreement enters into force. - Police
No specific mention.
- Armed forces
- Page 2, Article 1
...
The Parties will communicate this cessation of hostilities via their respective chains of command, and by means of the Press, to the civilian population.
Page 2, Article 5
A priority programme must be established immediately in the following order:
...
4. Reorganisation of Central African defence and security forces - DDR
- Security sector→DDR→DDR programmesPage 2, Article 3
The Parties undertake to withdraw all weapons and disband any existing military units and armed factions.
Page 2, Article 4
SELEKA Coalition troops must be stationed in mutually agreed locations under the supervision of MICOPAX.
Page 2, Article 5
A priority programme must be established immediately in the following order:
...
3. The DDR Process in the North Eastern Central African Republic to be pursued; - Intelligence services
No specific mention.
- Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
- Page 1, PREAMBLE
...
Considering the wish of the SELEKA coalition to restore democracy, to participate in negotiations, and to sign a Ceasefire and Withdrawal Agreement with the Central African Government;
Page 2, Article 1
...
The Parties will communicate this cessation of hostilities via their respective chains of command, and by means of the Press, to the civilian population.
Page 2, Article 3
The Parties undertake to withdraw all weapons and disband any existing military units and armed factions.
Page 2, Article 4
SELEKA Coalition troops must be stationed in mutually agreed locations under the supervision of MICOPAX.
Page 3, Article 6
The signatories will set up a Monitoring Commission for implementation of the present agreement constituted as follows:
...
- For the SELEKA Coalition: Three (3) representatives
- For the Democratic Opposition: One (01) representative - Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
- Corruption
No specific mention.
- Crime/organised crime
- Page 2, Article 5
A priority programme must be established immediately in the following order:
...
5. Fight against criminality - Drugs
No specific mention.
- Terrorism
No specific mention.
Transitional justice
- Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
- Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
- Courts
No specific mention.
- Mechanism
No specific mention.
- Prisoner release
- Page 2, Article 2
...
The Parties undertake to release political prisoners and prisoners of war, to guarantee the effective presence of the International Committee of the Red Cross (CICR)/Croissant-Rouge (CR)) following their release, and to enable it to evacuate the injured and bury the dead.
Page 2, The Government of the Central African Republic and the SELEKA Coalition agree the following, Article 5
A priority programme must be established immediately in the following order:
...
2. Protection of human rights, including the release of all detained persons, cessation of sexual violence and the conscription of child soldiers; - Vetting
No specific mention.
- Victims
- Page 2, Article 2
...
The Parties undertake to release political prisoners and prisoners of war, to guarantee the effective presence of the International Committee of the Red Cross (CICR)/Croissant-Rouge (CR)) following their release, and to enable it to evacuate the injured and bury the dead. - Missing persons
No specific mention.
- Reparations
No specific mention.
- Reconciliation
- Page 1, PREAMBLE
...
Conscious of the need for dialogue to establish a durable peace and security throughout the national territory, an essential condition for national reconstruction and democracy building;
Page 1, PREAMBLE
...
Considering the ongoing desire of His Excellency (Army) General François BOZIZE YANGOUVOUNDA, President of the Republic, Head of State, reiterated in his speech to the nation of December 2012, to promote tolerance, dialogue and reconciliation among all the sons and daughters of Central Africa;
Implementation
- UN signatory
No specific mention.
- Other international signatory
- For CEEAC
- Nassour GUELENGDOUKSIA OUAIDOU, Secretary General of CEEAC
For the President of the Monitoring Committee
- Basile IKOUEBE, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Cooperation of the Republic of Congo - Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
- International mission/force/similar
- Page 2, Article 4
SELEKA Coalition troops must be stationed in mutually agreed locations under the supervision of MICOPAX.
Page 3, Article 6
The signatories will set up a Monitoring Commission for implementation of the present agreement constituted as follows:
...
- For the United Nations Integrated Office in the Central African Republic: One (01) representative
- For the African Union Office in the Central African Republic: (one (01) representative
- For the Mediation Office: One (01) representative
- For CEEAC; Two (2) representatives. - Enforcement mechanism
- Page 3, Article 6
The signatories will set up a Monitoring Commission for implementation of the present agreement constituted as follows:
• For the Government: Three (03) representatives
• For Civil Society: One (01) representative
• For the SELEKA Coalition: Three (3) representatives
• For the Democratic Opposition: One (01) representative
• For the United Nations Integrated Office in the Central African Republic: One (01) representative
• For the African Union Office in the Central African Republic: (one (01) representative
• For the Mediation Office: One (01) representative
• For CEEAC; Two (2) representatives.
The Monitoring Commission for application of the present Agreement may call upon any qualified person as needed.
Page 3, Article 7
In case of any differences in opinion or difficulties arising in implementing the present Agreement, one or other of the Parties may resort to the Monitoring Commission or the President of the Monitoring Committee for the Libreville negotiations. - Related cases
No specific mention.
- Source
- UN Peacemaker, https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/CF_130111_AccordDeCessezLeFeu.pdf
PEACE AGREEMENT
between
The Government of the Central African Republic
and
The SELEKA Coalition (UFDR, CPJP, CPSK, UFR)
Preamble
Considering the relevant provisions of the United Nations Charter, the Constitutional Act of the African Union and the Protocol of the Central African Peace and Security Council (COPAX);
Considering the national resolutions relating to the peaceful resolution of conflicts, notably the Global Peace Agreement of Libreville of June 2, 2008, the recommendations of the Bangui Inclusive Political Dialogue of December 20, 2008, and the Code of Good Conduct;
Conscious of the need for dialogue to establish a durable peace and security throughout the national territory, an essential condition for national reconstruction and democracy building;
Considering the ongoing desire of His Excellency (Army) General François BOZIZE YANGOUVOUNDA, President of the Republic, Head of State, reiterated in his speech to the nation of December 2012, to promote tolerance, dialogue and reconciliation among all the sons and daughters of Central Africa;
Considering the wish of the SELEKA coalition to restore democracy, to participate in negotiations, and to sign a Ceasefire and Withdrawal Agreement with the Central African Government;
Responding to the International Mediation of Their Excellencies Mr Idriss DEBY ITNO, President of the Republic of Chad, current President of CEEAC and Mr Denis SASSOU-N’GUESSO, President of the Republic of Congo and President of the Monitoring Committee established by the Special Summit of Heads of State and the Government of Central Africa on December 21, 2012 in N’djamena, Republic of Chad, on the security situation in the Central African Republic;
The Government of the Central African Republic and the SELEKA Coalition agree the following:
Article 1:
The belligerent parties must observe an immediate ceasefire, and end all hostilities within 72 hours of signing the Ceasefire Agreement.
The ceasefire entails:
The immediate termination of and abstention from all media campaigns which may hinder efforts to develop a spirit of fraternity and national harmony;
The immediate cessation of all acts of violence against the civilian population, and the protection of human rights.
These acts of violence include summary executions, torture, harassment, the detention and execution of civilians on grounds of ethnicity, as well as the recruitment of child soldiers, sexual violence, arming the civilian population, and the detention and execution of prisoners.
The Parties will communicate this cessation of hostilities via their respective chains of command, and by means of the Press, to the civilian population.
Article 2:
Upon entry into force of this agreement, the Parties will facilitate the transport of humanitarian aid by opening humanitarian aid corridors and establishing favourable conditions for the provision of emergency services to displaced persons and others in need.
The Parties undertake to release political prisoners and prisoners of war, to guarantee the effective presence of the International Committee of the Red Cross (CICR)/Croissant-Rouge (CR)) following their release, and to enable it to evacuate the injured and bury the dead.
Article 3:
The Parties undertake to withdraw all weapons and disband any existing military units and armed factions.
Article 4:
SELEKA Coalition troops must be stationed in mutually agreed locations under the supervision of MICOPAX.
Article 5:
A priority programme must be established immediately in the following order:
Creation of the conditions needed for the return, reinstallation and reinsertion of persons displaced during the conflict;
Protection of human rights, including the release of all detained persons, cessation of sexual violence and the conscription of child soldiers;
The DDR Process in the North Eastern Central African Republic to be pursued;
Reorganisation of Central African defence and security forces;
Fight against criminality
Rehabilitation of zones affected by the conflict.
Article 6:
The signatories will set up a Monitoring Commission for implementation of the present agreement constituted as follows:
For the Government:
Three (03) representatives
For Civil Society:
One (01) representative
For the SELEKA Coalition:
Three (3) representatives
For the Democratic Opposition:
One (01) representative
For the United Nations Integrated Office in the Central African Republic:
One (01) representative
For the African Union Office in the Central African Republic:
(one (01) representative
For the Mediation Office:
One (01) representative
For CEEAC;
Two (2) representatives.
The Monitoring Commission for application of the present Agreement may call upon any qualified person as needed.
Article 7:
In case of any differences in opinion or difficulties arising in implementing the present Agreement, one or other of the Parties may resort to the Monitoring Commission or the President of the Monitoring Committee for the Libreville negotiations.
Article 8:
Upon signature the present Ceasefire Agreement enters into force.
Done in Libreville, January 11, 2013