Final Communique of the Lome Meeting on the Peace Process in Guinea-Bissau

Country/entity
Guinea-Bissau
Region
Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name
Final Communique of the Lome Meeting on the Peace Process in Guinea-Bissau
Date
15 Dec 1998
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
Yes
Agreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Stage
Implementation/renegotiation
Conflict nature
Government
Peace process
Guinea Bissau peace process
Parties
(Signed) H.E. Joao Bernardo VIEIRA
President of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau

(Signed) General Ansumane MANE
Commander of the Self-Proclaimed Military Junta
Third parties
(Signed) H.E. Gnassingbe EYADEMA
President of the Togolese Republic

...(Signed) H.E. Vincent OKOBI Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador of the Federal Republic of Nigeria in Togo, Representing the Head of State, Commander-in Chief of the Armed Forces of the Federal Republic of Nigeria

(Signed) H.E. Tounkara YAHAYA Minister of National Defence of the Republic of Niger


(Signed) General Lamine CISSE
Minister of Interior of the Republic of Senegal

(Signed) H.E. Lansana KOUYATE Executive Secretary of the Economic Community of West African States
Description
This agreement provides for accelerated implementation of the Abuja Accord. Issues covered include the ceasefire, the establishment of a Government of National Unity, the deployment of an ECOWAS Monitoring force, the organisation of elections, and the ECOWAS Chairman's initiative for settling the conflict.


Groups

Children/youth

No specific mention.

Disabled persons

No specific mention.

Elderly/age

No specific mention.

Migrant workers

No specific mention.

Racial/ethnic/national group

No specific mention.

Religious groups

No specific mention.

Indigenous people

No specific mention.

Other groups

No specific mention.

Refugees/displaced persons

No specific mention.

Social class

No specific mention.


Gender

Women, girls and gender

No specific mention.

Men and boys

No specific mention.

LGBTI

No specific mention.

Family

No specific mention.


State definition

Nature of state (general)

No specific mention.

State configuration

No specific mention.

Self determination

No specific mention.

Referendum

No specific mention.

State symbols

No specific mention.

Independence/secession

No specific mention.

Accession/unification

No specific mention.

Border delimitation

No specific mention.

Cross-border provision

No specific mention.


Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)

No specific mention.

Elections
Page 2, 4. On the organization of general and presidential elections: The Heads of State and the parties in conflict reaffirmed the imperative necessity for general and presidential elections to be organized, and once again called on the international community to provide assistance for the organization of these elections.
Electoral commission

No specific mention.

Political parties reform

No specific mention.

Civil society

No specific mention.

Traditional/religious leaders

No specific mention.

Public administration

No specific mention.

Constitution

No specific mention.


Power sharing

Political power sharing
Power sharing→Political power sharing→Executive coalition
State level
Page 1, Untitled Preamble:...He rejoiced at the progressive implementation of these agreements, in particular the recent appointment of H.E. Francisco FADUL as Prime Minister, which paves the way to the formation of a new Government of National Unity.

Page 1, 2. On the setting up of the Government of National Unity: The Heads of State and the parties in conflict rejoiced at the appointment of a Prime Minister.
The parties to the conflict agreed to form a Government of National Unity according to a structure and a distribution consigned in an additional protocol to the Abuja Accord (see annex II).
Territorial power sharing

No specific mention.

Economic power sharing

No specific mention.

Military power sharing

No specific mention.


Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general

No specific mention.

Bill of rights/similar

No specific mention.

Treaty incorporation

No specific mention.

Civil and political rights

No specific mention.

Socio-economic rights

No specific mention.


Rights related issues

Citizenship

No specific mention.

Democracy

No specific mention.

Detention procedures

No specific mention.

Media and communication

No specific mention.

Mobility/access

No specific mention.

Protection measures

No specific mention.

Other

No specific mention.


Rights institutions

NHRI

No specific mention.

Regional or international human rights institutions

No specific mention.


Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law

No specific mention.

State of emergency provisions

No specific mention.

Judiciary and courts

No specific mention.

Prisons and detention

No specific mention.

Traditional Laws

No specific mention.


Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction

No specific mention.

National economic plan

No specific mention.

Natural resources

No specific mention.

International funds

No specific mention.

Business

No specific mention.

Taxation

No specific mention.

Banks

No specific mention.


Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights

No specific mention.

Pastoralist/nomadism rights

No specific mention.

Cultural heritage

No specific mention.

Environment

No specific mention.

Water or riparian rights or access

No specific mention.


Security sector

Security Guarantees

No specific mention.

Ceasefire
Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1, Untitled Preamble:...During the proceedings, President Eyadema recalled that the framework of the ongoing peace process is comprised of the Praia Accord of 26 August 1998 and the Abuja Accord of 1 November 1998, which define the modalities of the ceasefire and the conditions for a return of lasting peace and normal political life.

Page 1, 1. On the ceasefire: The protagonists reiterated their commitment to continue to abide by the ceasefire Agreement signed at Praia on 26 August 1998, in order to facilitate the effective implementation of the Agreement reached at Abuja on 1 November 1998.
Police

No specific mention.

Armed forces

No specific mention.

DDR

No specific mention.

Intelligence services

No specific mention.

Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces

No specific mention.

Withdrawal of foreign forces

No specific mention.

Corruption

No specific mention.

Crime/organised crime

No specific mention.

Drugs

No specific mention.

Terrorism

No specific mention.


Transitional justice

Transitional justice general

No specific mention.

Amnesty/pardon

No specific mention.

Courts

No specific mention.

Mechanism

No specific mention.

Prisoner release

No specific mention.

Vetting

No specific mention.

Victims

No specific mention.

Missing persons

No specific mention.

Reparations

No specific mention.

Reconciliation

No specific mention.


Implementation

UN signatory

No specific mention.

Other international signatory

No specific mention.

Referendum for agreement

No specific mention.

International mission/force/similar
Page 2, 3. On the deployment of an ECOWAS Monitoring Group interposition force: Having examined the situation prevailing in Guinea-Bissau, the Heads of State and the parties in conflict reiterated the necessity of accelerating the deployment of an ECOWAS Monitoring Group interposition force, in accordance with the 1 November 1998 Agreement.
To that end, they expressly invited ECOWAS member States which have committed themselves to contributing to the setting up of this force to do so in the shortest term possible.
The parties in conflict commended the efforts made by H.E. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, President of the Togolese Republic and Chairman of ECOWAS, in order to mobilize the international community for the acceleration of this deployment.

Page 2, 4. On the organization of general and presidential elections: The Heads of State and the parties in conflict reaffirmed the imperative necessity for general and presidential elections to be organized, and once again called on the international community to provide assistance for the organization of these elections.

Page 2, 5. Initiative of the Chairman of ECOWAS for the settlement of the conflict: The meeting commended the numerous initiatives taken by the Chairman of ECOWAS, including:
(a) The appointment of a Special Representative in Guinea-Bissau;
(b) The sending of the Commander-in-Chief of the ECOWAS Monitoring Group on an evaluation mission;
(c) The designation of liaison officers;
(d) The sending of a mission of the ECOWAS Committee of Nine to the United Nations.
The meeting listened to the report by the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, H.E. Kokou Joseph KOFFIGOH, Senior Minister in charge of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of the Togolese Republic, on the mission of the ECOWAS Committee of Nine on Guinea-Bissau, which he conducted in New York on 11 December 1998 to meet with the Secretary-General and the Security Council in order to seek their assistance for a final and lasting settlement of the crisis and for the rebuilding of this brotherly country.
The meeting took note with satisfaction of the report, and welcomed the availability of the United Nations to work towards the return of peace and stability in Guinea-Bissau.
Enforcement mechanism

No specific mention.

Related cases

No specific mention.

Source
UN Peacemaker: http://peacemaker.un.org/

FINAL COMMUNIQUÉ OF THE LOMÉ MEETING ON THE PEACE PROCESS IN GUINEA-BISSAU

In the framework of the implementation of the Abuja Accord signed on 1 November 1998 between the parties in conflict in Guinea-Bissau, H.E. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, President of the Togolese Republic and Chairman of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), invited H.E. Abdulsalami ABUBAKAR, Head of State and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, as well as H.E. Joao Bernardo VIEIRA, President of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau and General Ansumane MANE, Commander of the Self-Proclaimed Military Junta, to a meeting at Lomé on 14 December 1998 in order to discuss the evolution of the peace process in Guinea-Bissau and to seek ways and means of accelerating the implementation of the said Accord.

The following were also present at the meeting:

H.E. Francisco FADUL, Prime Minister of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau;

M. Tounkara YAHAYA, Minister of National Defence of the Republic of Niger;

General Lamine CISSE, Minister of Interior of the Republic of Senegal;

H.E. Lansana KOUYATE, Executive Secretary of ECOWAS;

H.E. Konde Kikpa TAKASSI, Ambassador representing ECOWAS in Guinea- Bissau;

M. Carlos Domingos GOMES, representative of the Mediation and Good Will Commission;

H.E. Francisco Da SILVA, Ambassador of Portugal to Guinea-Bissau;

Mrs. Andreaw ULLC, Chargé d’affaires of Sweden to Guinea-Bissau.

During the proceedings, President Eyadema recalled that the framework of the ongoing peace process is comprised of the Praia Accord of 26 August 1998 and the Abuja Accord of 1 November 1998, which define the modalities of the ceasefire and the conditions for a return of lasting peace and normal political life.

He rejoiced at the progressive implementation of these agreements, in particular the recent appointment of H.E. Francisco FADUL as Prime Minister, which paves the way to the formation of a new Government of National Unity.

He also stressed the necessity for the parties concerned in this conflict, as well as for member States of the Economic Community of West African States, to work further to ensure the implementation of the above-mentioned agreements until the realization of the objectives contained therein.

In that spirit, after fruitful exchanges of views between the participants, which made it possible to undertake an objective evaluation of the situation on the field, the following was agreed upon:

On the ceasefire

The protagonists reiterated their commitment to continue to abide by the ceasefire Agreement signed at Praia on 26 August 1998, in order to facilitate the effective implementation of the Agreement reached at Abuja on 1 November 1998.

On the setting up of the Government of National Unity

The Heads of State and the parties in conflict rejoiced at the appointment of a Prime Minister.

The parties to the conflict agreed to form a Government of National Unity according to a structure and a distribution consigned in an additional protocol to the Abuja Accord (see annex II).

On the deployment of an ECOWAS Monitoring Group interposition force

Having examined the situation prevailing in Guinea-Bissau, the Heads of State and the parties in conflict reiterated the necessity of accelerating the deployment of an ECOWAS Monitoring Group interposition force, in accordance with the 1 November 1998 Agreement.

To that end, they expressly invited ECOWAS member States which have committed themselves to contributing to the setting up of this force to do so in the shortest term possible.

The parties in conflict commended the efforts made by H.E. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, President of the Togolese Republic and Chairman of ECOWAS, in order to mobilize the international community for the acceleration of this deployment.

On the organization of general and presidential elections

The Heads of State and the parties in conflict reaffirmed the imperative necessity for general and presidential elections to be organized, and once again called on the international community to provide assistance for the organization of these elections.

Initiative of the Chairman of ECOWAS for the settlement of the conflict

The meeting commended the numerous initiatives taken by the Chairman of ECOWAS, including:

The appointment of a Special Representative in Guinea-Bissau;

The sending of the Commander-in-Chief of the ECOWAS Monitoring Group on an evaluation mission;

The designation of liaison officers;

The sending of a mission of the ECOWAS Committee of Nine to the United Nations.

The meeting listened to the report by the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, H.E. Kokou Joseph KOFFIGOH, Senior Minister in charge of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of the Togolese Republic, on the mission of the ECOWAS Committee of Nine on Guinea-Bissau, which he conducted in New York on 11 December 1998 to meet with the Secretary-General and the Security Council in order to seek their assistance for a final and lasting settlement of the crisis and for the rebuilding of this brotherly country.

The meeting took note with satisfaction of the report, and welcomed the availability of the United Nations to work towards the return of peace and stability in Guinea-Bissau.

***

At the end of these talks, which took place in a spirit of mutual understanding and cooperation, President Joao Bernardo VIEIRA and General Ansumane MANE reaffirmed their unflinching determination to put an end to the conflict, and to actively work towards the return of peace in their country.

They expressed their sincere and heartfelt thanks to H.E. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, President of the Togolese Republic and Chairman of ECOWAS, for the happy initiative he took to call this meeting, which once again shows his commitment and his continued efforts to preserve peace and security in the subregion.

They equally expressed their profound gratitude to General Abdulsalami ABUBAKAR, Head of State, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, for his availability to pursue his assistance to the ongoing peace process in Guinea-Bissau.

President Abdulsalami ABUBAKAR, President Joao Bernardo VIEIRA, General Ansumane MANE and the other persons who took part in this meeting expressed their sincere thanks to President Gnassingbe EYADEMA, the Government and the people of Togo for the warm, brotherly and authentically African welcome extended to them and to the delegations which accompanied them.

DONE at Lomé on 15 December 1998.

(Signed) H.E. Gnassingbe EYADEMA

President of the Togolese Republic

(Signed) H.E. Joao Bernardo VIEIRA

President of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau

(Signed) General Ansumane MANE

Commander of the Self-Proclaimed Military Junta

(Signed) H.E. Vincent OKOBI Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador of the Federal Republic of Nigeria in Togo, Representing the Head of State, Commander-in Chief of the Armed Forces of the Federal Republic of Nigeria

(Signed) H.E. Tounkara YAHAYA Minister of National Defence of the Republic of Niger

(Signed) General Lamine CISSE

Minister of Interior of the Republic of Senegal

(Signed) H.E. Lansana KOUYATE Executive Secretary of the Economic Community of West African States