Communique of the Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for Western Sahara (In Agreement with the Parties) (Manhasset IV)

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Country/entity: Morocco
Western Sahara
Region: Middle East and North Africa
Agreement name: Communique of the Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for Western Sahara (In Agreement with the Parties) (Manhasset IV)
Date: 18 Mar 2008
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Western Sahara Conflict (1973 - 1991)
Conflict in Western Sahara began as an insurgency by the Polisario Front against Spanish colonization in 1973. Two years later, Spain withdrew from the territory. Following the annexation of the territory by Morocco and Mauritania in 1976, the insurgency continued. After proclaiming the establishment of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) in 1976, the Polisario Front succeeded in gaining recognition by several states, but was not admitted into the United Nations. Instead, the territory was annexed by Morocco and Mauritania, sparking a 16-year resistance by the Algerian-backed Polisario Front. Following a withdrawal by Mauritania in 1979, the conflict reached a stalemate through the 1980s and then reignited in 1989 until a ceasefire in 1991. At the time 80 per cent of the territory was under the de facto control of Morocco, while 20 per cent continued to be held by the SADR including the refugee camps along the Algerian border. Unrest has continued to erupt at intervals in from 1999-2004, 2005, 2010 and 2011. Attempts to solve the conflict have manifested in the form of the Baker Plan (2000) and the Moroccan Initiative (2006-2008).
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Morocco-Western Sahara peace process
Parties: Representatives of Morocco; Representatives of the Frente Polisario;
Third parties: -
Description: A short communiqué detailing the meeting between Representatives of Morocco and Representatives of the Frente Polisario in Manhasset from 16-18 March 2008. Agreement is non-substantive, and merely refers to some broad themes which were discussed.

Agreement document: MA_080318_Communique of the Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for Western Sahara (In Agreement with the Parties) Manhasset IV.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: Page 1,
... The discussions focused on the implementation of the Security Council resolutions. The parties also discussed thematic subjects such as administration, justice and resources. Among a number of proposals I made to expand confidence building measures, there was agreement among the parties to explore the establishment of family visits by land, which would be in addition to the existing programme by air.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: Page 1,
... The discussions focused on the implementation of the Security Council resolutions. The parties also discussed thematic subjects such as administration, justice and resources. Among a number of proposals I made to expand confidence building measures, there was agreement among the parties to explore the establishment of family visits by land, which would be in addition to the existing programme by air.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: Page 1,
... The discussions focused on the implementation of the Security Council resolutions. The parties also discussed thematic subjects such as administration, justice and resources. Among a number of proposals I made to expand confidence building measures, there was agreement among the parties to explore the establishment of family visits by land, which would be in addition to the existing programme by air.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: UN Peacemaker
http://peacemaker.un.org/

Communiqué of the Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for Western Sahara

Peter van Walsum

(In agreement with the parties)

Meeting at Manhasset (Greentree Estate)

16-18 March 2008

Representatives of Morocco and the Frente Polisario met in Manhasset, New York, at the Greentree Estate, on 16 – 18 March 2008, in accordance with Security Council resolutions 1754 of 30 April 2007 and 1783 of 31 October 2007 on Western Sahara.

As was the case in the previous rounds of talks, representatives of the neighbouring countries, Algeria and Mauritania, were also present at the opening and closing sessions and were consulted separately during the talks.

The discussions focused on the implementation of the Security Council resolutions.

The parties also discussed thematic subjects such as administration, justice and resources.

Among a number of proposals I made to expand confidence building measures, there was agreement among the parties to explore the establishment of family visits by land, which would be in addition to the existing programme by air.

In concluding this fourth round of talks, the parties reiterated their commitment to continue the negotiations at Manhasset at a date to be determined by common agreement.