Protocol of the Meeting of Delegations on the Issue of Peaceful Resolution of the Crisis in the Chechen Republic with OSCE Support

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Country/entity: Russia
Chechnya
Region: Europe and Eurasia
Agreement name: Protocol of the Meeting of Delegations on the Issue of Peaceful Resolution of the Crisis in the Chechen Republic with OSCE Support
Date: 20 Jun 1995
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Chechnya Conflicts (1991 - 2009)
The First Chechen War (1995 - 1997)
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, relations between the Federal Russian government with the over 100 ethnic groups deteriorated as demands for autonomy became a major political issue. In March 1992, a federation treaty was drafted and by 1994 the treaty was signed between 87 of the 88 federal jurisdictions and central government, with Chechnya being the exception. The conflict erupted in 1991 following the death of the head of the Communist Party in Grozny when a faction of the USSR’s dissolved military stormed Party Headquarters. Russian forces failed to re-take Grozny and in 1993 the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria announced its independence. Violence and discrimination preceded economic stagnation as non-Chechnens fled the region, and eventually an undeclared civil war broke out as the Chechen opposition attempted a counter-coup against the Chechen ruler Dzhokhar Dudayev. Following the dissolution of the Chechen Parliament in June 1993, a state of emergency was declared, and in December that year an other coup was attempted by the opposition. Issues of sovereignty spurred an assault by Russian troops in December 1994, marking the start of the first Chechen War wherein Russian troops faced four years of insurgency until a ceasefire was unilaterally declared in 1996. A peace treaty was signed in 1997 and Russian forces withdrew.

The Second Chechen War (1999 - 2004)
The inter-war period was marked by economic desolation, corruption and crime. Political polarization was rife, and religious extremism flourished. In August 1999, the Islamic International Brigade led by Shamil Basayev invaded the Russian Republic of Dagestan seeking to found an Islamic State, thereby sparking the Second Chechen War. In response, the Russian Federation began a bombing campaign against the Chechen government and eventually re-took Grozny. An insurgency began following the fall of the Chechen government and separatist attacks spurred an increasingly harsh response from the Kremlin. By 2006, the main separatist leaders had been killed, and the republic has been run by the pro-Russian government led by Ramzan Kadyrov since 2007.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Chechnya peace process
Parties: Russian Federation, represented by Mikhailov V. A., Volsky N. I., Semionov N. I., and Kulikov A. S.;
Chechen Republic, represented by Imayev U. K., Maskhadov A. A., and Zakhayev A. C.;
From the commission responsible for solving the Chechen Republic, Magomadov L. D.
Third parties: OSCE; Present at the talks were:
1. S. Mesaros
2. O. M. Pelen
Description: Pre-negotiation agmt; parties agree 'block of war issues' for further negotiation, including 'political and social issues', and the 'economic block'

Agreement document: RU_950620_Protocol of the Meeting of delegations on the issue of peaceful resolution of the crisis in the CRI, with OSCE support.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: Page 1, It was agreed that during the implementation of the block of war issues and in decision-making the following issues within the political block will be considered:
- creating conditions for conducting free democratic elections,
- drafting and enacting election regulations at all levels of authority,
- conducting elections with the participation of observers,
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: Page 1, It was agreed that during the implementation of the block of war issues and in decision-making the following issues within the political block will be considered:
- creating conditions for conducting free democratic elections,
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
Page 1, The economic block includes the following agreed matters:
- implementation of the Federal program for restoration of the economy and social spheres of the Chechen Republic,
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: Page 1, The economic block includes the following agreed matters:
- supporting the International Fund for Revival of the Chechen Republic, which is being established.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: Land, property and environment→Cultural heritage→Tangible
Page 1, The economic block includes the following agreed matters:
- returning items of scientific and cultural value taken out of the Republic during warfare. Making available copies or duplicates of historical, cultural, archival and other materials and documents which are at the disposal of the Russian Federation.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1, During the session between 9.30 AM and 1.00PM the block of war issues was finally agreed, envisaging:
- an end to hostilities,

Page 1, The parties agreed that hostilities will cease from day 21 to 23, during which the delegation session is expected to end.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisions
Page 1, During the session between 9.30 AM and 1.00PM the block of war issues was finally agreed, envisaging:
- disarmament and staged withdrawal of armies.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: Page 1, During the session between 9.30 AM and 1.00PM the block of war issues was finally agreed, envisaging:
- an end to acts of terror and sabotage,

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: Page 1, During the session between 9.30 AM and 1.00PM the block of war issues was finally agreed, envisaging:
- mutual exchange of detained persons
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: Page 1, It was agreed that during the implementation of the block of war issues and in decision-making the following issues within the political block will be considered:
- non-use of violence, resolving all questions solely by peaceful and political methods. Abandoning revenge, hostility between nations.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: OSCE; Present at the talks were:
1. S. Mesaros
2. O. M. Pelen
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: https://peacemaker.un.org/russia-protocoldelegates95

UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION

Grozny, June 20, 1995

PROTOCOL of the meeting of delegations on the issues of peaceful resolution of the crisis in the Chechen Republic with OSCE support.

Today the talks were continued.

They were attended by:

- V.A. Mikhailov, A. N. Volsky, A. S. Kulikov, N. I. Semionov – delegation of the Russian Federation,

- U. Imayev, A. Zakaev – delegation of the Chechen Republic

- S. Mesaros, O. M. Pelen – OSCE Support Group in the Chechen Republic

During the session between 9.30 AM and 1.00PM the block of war issues was finally agreed, envisaging:

- an end to hostilities,

- mutual exchange of detained persons

- an end to acts of terror and sabotage,

- disarmament and staged withdrawal of armies.

The parties agreed that hostilities will cease from day 21 to 23, during which the delegation session is expected to end.

After lunch, the delegations continue meeting.

Political and social issues were discussed with the participation of Letchi Dobachevic Magomadov – the First Deputy Chairman of the Committee of National Conciliation of the Chechen Republic.

It was agreed that during the implementation of the block of war issues and in decision-making the following issues within the political block will be considered:

- creating conditions for conducting free democratic elections,

- drafting and enacting election regulations at all levels of authority,

- conducting elections with the participation of observers,

- non-use of violence, resolving all questions solely by peaceful and political methods.

Abandoning revenge, hostility between nations.

The economic block includes the following agreed matters:

- implementation of the Federal program for restoration of the economy and social spheres of the Chechen Republic,

- returning items of scientific and cultural value taken out of the Republic during warfare.

Making available copies or duplicates of historical, cultural, archival and other materials and documents which are at the disposal of the Russian Federation

- supporting the International Fund for Revival of the Chechen Republic, which is being established.

Talks are continuing.

1. Mikhailov V. A.

2. Volsky N. I.

3. Semionov N. I.

4. Kulikov A. S.

1. Magomadov L. D.

1. Imayev U. K.

2. Maskhadov A. A.

3. Zakhayev A. C.

Present at the talks were:

1. S. Mesaros

2. O. M. Pelen