Glosario Del Acuerdo De Cese Al Fuego Bilateral Nacional Y Temporal -CFBNT Y Sus Protocolos Entre El Gobierno De La Republica De Colombia Y El Ejercito De Liberacion Nacional-ELN

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Glosario Del Acuerdo De Cese Al Fuego Bilateral Nacional Y Temporal -CFBNT Y Sus Protocolos Entre El Gobierno De La Republica De Colombia Y El Ejercito De Liberacion Nacional-ELN
Date: 13 Jul 2023
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Ceasefire/related
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia VI - Government-ELN post-2015 process
Parties: Delegation of the Government of the Republic of Colombia:

José Otty Patiño Hormaza, Head of delegation
Iván Danilo Rueda Rodríguez, High Commissioner for Peace
Iván Cepeda Castro
Orlando Romero Reyes
Horacio Guerrero García
Olga Lilia Silva López
Rosmery Quintero Castro
Carlos Alfonso Rosero
Adelaida Jiménez Cortés
Rodrigo Botero García
Dayana Paola Urzola Domicó
José Félix Lafaurie Rivera
Nigeria Rentería Lozano
Álvaro Matallana Eslava
María José Pizarro Rodríguez.

Delegation of the Ejército de Liberación Nacional – ELN:

Pablo Beltrán, Head of delegation
Aureliano Carbonell
Bernardo Téllez
Manuel Gustavo Martínez
María Consuelo Tapias
Isabel Torres
Simón Pabón
Mauricio Iguarán.
Third parties: As observers for the Armed Forces:

Brig. Gen. William Oswaldo Rincón Zambrano
Maj. Gen. Hugo Alejandro López Barreto.
Guarantor countries (As witnesses and depositaries):

Laura Berdine Santos Delamonica, Federative Republic of Brazil
Eugenio Martínez Enríquez, Republic of Cuba
Peder Østebø, Kingdom of Norway
Patricia Esquenazi Marín, Republic of Chile
Roberto de León Huerta, United Mexican States
Gen. Carlos Martínez Mendoza, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.
Permanent accompanying partners:

Angela Bargellini, Delegate of the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Colombia
Msgr. Héctor Fabio Henao Gaviria, Delegate for Church-State Relations, Episcopal Conference of Colombia.
Description: This document provides definitions for key terms utilized within the Agreement and its accompanying Protocols. This glossary, integral to the interpretation and implementation of the ceasefire agreement, is founded on the principle of good faith, ensuring that both parties engage in the peace process with honesty, ethical conduct, and loyalty to the agreed terms. It outlines specific terminologies such as "Component in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism," "Defensive action," "Deterrent action," and "Verification," among others, to facilitate a shared understanding and operational clarity. This document, subject to amendments by mutual consent, forms a binding part of the ceasefire agreement, underscoring the political commitment of both parties to harmonize efforts for the ceasefire's successful execution and to advance the peace process in Colombia.

Agreement document: CO_230713_Glossary of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) and its Protocols.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_230713_Glosario Del Acuerdo De Cese Al Fuego Bilateral Nacional Y Temporal -CFBNT Y Sus Protocolos Entre El Gobierno De La Republica De Colombia Y El Ejercito De Liberacion Nacional-ELN.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
The present glossary shall be binding and is open to modifications agreed upon by the parties.
Component in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism:
Name given to each of the parties and permanent accompanying partners that make up the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, in the various bodies.
Defensive action:
An act or operation intended to prevent the success of an offensive action by an enemy.
Deterrent action:
An act or action aimed at deterring a threatening force from entering in contact, combating or advancing and deploying.
Offensive action:
An act or operation aimed at imposing one’s own will on the enemy and diminishing its operational capacity, primarily in order to obtain any sort of military advantage.
Security sector→Ceasefire→General commitments
Incident:
An event or set of events caused by one of the parties which, according to the analysis of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, is considered to be a violation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and the Protocol on specific actions.
Monitoring:
The gathering of information, in various ways, on any event that might be considered an incident that violates the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and the Protocol on specific actions.
Verification:
The process of analysing, evaluating and categorizing events on the basis of the information gathered through monitoring, with the objective of establishing whether an event constitutes an incident that violates the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and the Protocol on specific actions.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: Intelligence action:
The use of human or technical means to collect, process, analyse and share information obtained from the other party, with the aim of carrying out an offensive action.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: ELN communications liaisons:
Persons appointed by the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) to undertake physical or electronic communications with the components in the regional and local bodies of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, and with the ELN component in the national body of the Mechanism.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: Permanent accompanying partners:
Angela Bargellini, Delegate of the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Colombia
Other international signatory: Guarantor countries (As witnesses and depositaries):
Laura Berdine Santos Delamonica, Federative Republic of Brazil
Eugenio Martínez Enríquez, Republic of Cuba
Peder Østebø, Kingdom of Norway
Patricia Esquenazi Marín, Republic of Chile
Roberto de León Huerta, United Mexican States
Gen. Carlos Martínez Mendoza, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: No specific mention.

Glossary of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) and its Protocols

Pursuant to Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) (Agreement No.

10), signed on 9 June 2023, the present glossary sets out the conceptual understandings shared by the parties.

Any understanding and interpretation that may be applied to the present glossary and the concepts used for the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols, shall be based on the principle of good faith, which means that the parties shall act in an ethical, honest and loyal manner, and in accordance with what has been agreed.

The parties express their political will to organize, arrange, activate and harmonize all the elements necessary for the concurrent fulfilment of the obligations assumed, acting at all times with a view to advancing the peace process.

The present glossary shall be binding and is open to modifications agreed upon by the parties.

Component in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism:

Name given to each of the parties and permanent accompanying partners that make up the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, in the various bodies.

Defensive action:

An act or operation intended to prevent the success of an offensive action by an enemy.

Deterrent action:

An act or action aimed at deterring a threatening force from entering in contact, combating or advancing and deploying.

ELN communications liaisons:

Persons appointed by the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) to undertake physical or electronic communications with the components in the regional and local bodies of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, and with the ELN component in the national body of the Mechanism.

Incident:

An event or set of events caused by one of the parties which, according to the analysis of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, is considered to be a violation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and the Protocol on specific actions.

Intelligence action:

The use of human or technical means to collect, process, analyse and share information obtained from the other party, with the aim of carrying out an offensive action.

Monitoring:

The gathering of information, in various ways, on any event that might be considered an incident that violates the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and the Protocol on specific actions.

Offensive action:

An act or operation aimed at imposing one’s own will on the enemy and diminishing its operational capacity, primarily in order to obtain any sort of military advantage.

Verification:

The process of analysing, evaluating and categorizing events on the basis of the information gathered through monitoring, with the objective of establishing whether an event constitutes an incident that violates the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and the Protocol on specific actions.

Havana, Cuba, 13 July 2023.

Delegation of the Government of the Republic of Colombia:

José Otty Patiño Hormaza, Head of delegation

Iván Danilo Rueda Rodríguez, High Commissioner for Peace

Iván Cepeda Castro

Orlando Romero Reyes

Horacio Guerrero García

Olga Lilia Silva López

Rosmery Quintero Castro

Carlos Alfonso Rosero

Adelaida Jiménez Cortés

Rodrigo Botero García

Dayana Paola Urzola Domicó

José Félix Lafaurie Rivera

Nigeria Rentería Lozano

Álvaro Matallana Eslava

María José Pizarro Rodríguez.

Delegation of the Ejército de Liberación Nacional – ELN:

Pablo Beltrán, Head of delegation

Aureliano Carbonell

Bernardo Téllez

Manuel Gustavo Martínez

María Consuelo Tapias

Isabel Torres

Simón Pabón

Mauricio Iguarán.

As observers for the Armed Forces:

Brig.

Gen. William Oswaldo Rincón Zambrano

Maj. Gen. Hugo Alejandro López Barreto.

Guarantor countries (As witnesses and depositaries):

Laura Berdine Santos Delamonica, Federative Republic of Brazil

Eugenio Martínez Enríquez, Republic of Cuba

Peder Østebø, Kingdom of Norway

Patricia Esquenazi Marín, Republic of Chile

Roberto de León Huerta, United Mexican States

Gen. Carlos Martínez Mendoza, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Permanent accompanying partners:

Angela Bargellini, Delegate of the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Colombia

Msgr.

Héctor Fabio Henao Gaviria, Delegate for Church-State Relations, Episcopal Conference of Colombia.