Protocolo Del Rol De La Iglesia Catolica En El Mechanismo De Monitoreo y Verificacion - MMV En El Marco Del Acuerdo De Cese Al Fuego Bilateral Nacional Temporal - CFBNT Entre El Gobierno De La Republica De Colombia Y El Ejercito De Liberacion Nacional - ELN

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Protocolo Del Rol De La Iglesia Catolica En El Mechanismo De Monitoreo y Verificacion - MMV En El Marco Del Acuerdo De Cese Al Fuego Bilateral Nacional Temporal - CFBNT Entre El Gobierno De La Republica De Colombia Y El Ejercito De Liberacion Nacional - ELN
Date: 13 Jul 2023
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Ceasefire/related
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia VI - Government-ELN post-2015 process
Parties: Delegation of the Government of the Republic of Colombia
José Otty Patiño Hormaza Head of delegation
Iván Danilo Rueda Rodríguez High Commissioner for Peace
Iván Cepeda Castro
Orlando Romero Reyes
Horacio Guerrero García
Olga Lilia Silva Lypez
Rosmery Quintero Castro
Carlos Alfonso Rosero
Adelaida Jiménez Cortés
Rodrigo Botero García
Dayana Paola Urzola Domicy
José Félix Lafaurie Rivera
Nigeria Rentería Lozano
Álvaro Matallana Eslava
María José Pizarro Rodríguez

Delegation of the Ejército de Liberación Nacional – ELN
Pablo Beltrán Head of delegation
Aureliano Carbonell
Bernardo Téllez
Manuel Gustavo Martínez
María Consuelo Tapias
Isabel Torres
Simón Pabrn
Mauricio Iguarán
Third parties: As observers for the Armed Forces:
Brig. Gen. William Oswaldo Rincón Zambrano
Maj. Gen. Hugo Alejandro Lypez Barreto

As witnesses and depositaries: Guarantor countries
Laura Berdine Santos Delamonica Federative Republic of Brazil
Eugenio Martínez Enríquez Republic of Cuba
Peder Østebø Kingdom of Norway
Patricia Esquenazi Marín Republic of Chile
Roberto de Lern Huerta United Mexican States
Gen. Carlos Martínez Mendoza Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

Permanent accompanying partners
Angela Bargellini Delegate of the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Colombia
Msgr. Héctor Fabio Henao Gaviria Delegate for Church-State Relations, Episcopal Conference of Colombia
Description: Short protocol on the role of the Catholic Church in the the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism that implements the bilateral ceasefire agreed on between the Government of Columbia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) in the Acuerdo al Cese Bilateral (Cuba Agreement) signed on 9 June 2023.

Agreement document: CO_230713_Protocol on the role of the Catholic Church in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism in the context of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_230713_Protocolo Del Rol De La Iglesia Catolica En El Mechanismo De Monitoreo y Verificacion - MMV En El Marco Del Acuerdo De Cese Al Fuego Bilateral Nacional Temporal .pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: Pursuant to the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN), signed on 9 June 2023, the present Protocol sets out the role of the Catholic Church of Colombia and the procedures for the support it shall provide to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.
1. Role of the Church in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
1.1. As part of its pastoral mission in the quest for peace and reconciliation and in service to the communities that are clamouring for an improvement in their humanitarian situation, the Catholic Church has agreed to participate in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, which also includes the Government of Colombia, ELN and the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia.
...
1.2. As part of its monitoring support role, the Catholic Church shall inform the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism of any situations that arise and of which it becomes aware.
The Church shall not evaluate, verify or categorize incidents, nor shall it issue technical opinions, since those tasks fall outside its mission and its members do not have the relevant technical expertise.
1.3. The Church shall assist the members of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism carrying out the verification tasks that are agreed on by the parties.
It shall provide such assistance as part of its pastoral work and for the benefit of the community, as the purpose of the Agreement is to improve the humanitarian situation.
In its participation, the Church shall aim to contribute to the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols, in accordance with the temporal and territorial conditions governing ecclesiastical jurisdictions, and always in accordance with its doctrine of peace.
The Church shall remain impartial and keep the facts and information it receives and/or transmits to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism strictly confidential.
2. Establishment of levels of ecclesial support for the national, regional and local bodies
2.1. In the national body:
The delegation of the Episcopal Conference of Colombia or its substitute, in order to support the peace talks panel and its processes, shall represent the Church component of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism and shall be involved in the process of supporting the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.
The component shall have decision-making power over situations relevant to the Church that are not contemplated in the present Protocol.
2.2. In the regional and local bodies:
The Episcopal Conference of Colombia shall liaise with the bishops of the
ecclesiastical jurisdictions in order to ensure that they participate directly, or through their delegates, in the regional and local bodies in which the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism is expected to be present.
Similarly, the bishops shall organize the Church teams they deem appropriate for their support mission.
3. Role of the Church in supporting the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
The Church shall have the authority to:
3.1. Participate in the meetings and activities of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism that are considered necessary for compliance with the temporary bilateral national ceasefire.
3.2. Gather information from communities on the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols, as well as on regional and local dynamics, and share such information with the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism independently or as part of formal monitoring teams.
The Church shall maintain the confidentiality of the information and protect its sources of information.
3.3. Help to prevent incidents and protect the population by sharing information on potential or imminent incidents.
3.4. Coordinate the support provided by the regional and local bodies in the implementation of the temporary bilateral national ceasefire.
3.5. Provide training on the content of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols, the functioning of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism and the mechanisms for safely reporting information.
The Church can help to inform and raise the awareness of communities.
3.6. Act as liaison between communities and the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.
3.7. The Episcopal Conference of Colombia, together with the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia, shall maintain dialogue with the ELN communications liaisons and representatives of the Government of Colombia in the regional and local bodies with a view to providing the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism with the necessary information to avoid incidents, in accordance with the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols.
3.8. As part of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, the Episcopal Conference of Colombia shall coordinate with the social monitoring network in the performance of its duties.
In addition, it shall coordinate with the agreed-upon humanitarian protection mechanisms at the local level.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of civilians
3. Role of the Church in supporting the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
The Church shall have the authority to:
...
3.3. Help to prevent incidents and protect the population by sharing information on potential or imminent incidents.
Rights related issues→Protection measures→Other
3. Role of the Church in supporting the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
The Church shall have the authority to:
...
In addition, it shall coordinate with the agreed-upon humanitarian protection mechanisms at the local level.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: 1. Role of the Church in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
...
In its participation, the Church shall aim to contribute to the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols, in accordance with the temporal and territorial conditions governing ecclesiastical jurisdictions, and always in accordance with its doctrine of peace.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Humanitarian assistance
1. Role of the Church in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
...
It shall provide such assistance as part of its pastoral work and for the benefit of the community, as the purpose of the Agreement is to improve the humanitarian situation.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Pursuant to the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN), signed on 9 June 2023, the present Protocol sets out the role of the Catholic Church of Colombia and the procedures for the support it shall provide to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.
1. Role of the Church in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
1.1. As part of its pastoral mission in the quest for peace and reconciliation and in service to the communities that are clamouring for an improvement in their humanitarian situation, the Catholic Church has agreed to participate in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, which also includes the Government of Colombia, ELN and the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia.
The role and mandate of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism are established in the Protocol on the mandate of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism for the temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of Colombia and ELN.
1.2. As part of its monitoring support role, the Catholic Church shall inform the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism of any situations that arise and of which it becomes aware.
The Church shall not evaluate, verify or categorize incidents, nor shall it issue technical opinions, since those tasks fall outside its mission and its members do not have the relevant technical expertise.
1.3. The Church shall assist the members of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism carrying out the verification tasks that are agreed on by the parties.
...
In its participation, the Church shall aim to contribute to the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols, in accordance with the temporal and territorial conditions governing ecclesiastical jurisdictions, and always in accordance with its doctrine of peace.
The Church shall remain impartial and keep the facts and information it receives and/or transmits to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism strictly confidential.
2. Establishment of levels of ecclesial support for the national, regional and local bodies
2.1. In the national body:
The delegation of the Episcopal Conference of Colombia or its substitute, in order to support the peace talks panel and its processes, shall represent the Church component of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism and shall be involved in the process of supporting the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.
The component shall have decision-making power over situations relevant to the Church that are not contemplated in the present Protocol.
2.2. In the regional and local bodies:
The Episcopal Conference of Colombia shall liaise with the bishops of the
ecclesiastical jurisdictions in order to ensure that they participate directly, or through their delegates, in the regional and local bodies in which the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism is expected to be present.
Similarly, the bishops shall organize the Church teams they deem appropriate for their support mission.
3. Role of the Church in supporting the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
The Church shall have the authority to:
3.1. Participate in the meetings and activities of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism that are considered necessary for compliance with the temporary bilateral national ceasefire.
3.2. Gather information from communities on the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols, as well as on regional and local dynamics, and share such information with the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism independently or as part of formal monitoring teams.
The Church shall maintain the confidentiality of the information and protect its sources of information.
3.3. Help to prevent incidents and protect the population by sharing information on potential or imminent incidents.
3.4. Coordinate the support provided by the regional and local bodies in the implementation of the temporary bilateral national ceasefire.
3.5. Provide training on the content of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols, the functioning of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism and the mechanisms for safely reporting information.
The Church can help to inform and raise the awareness of communities.
3.6. Act as liaison between communities and the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.
3.7. The Episcopal Conference of Colombia, together with the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia, shall maintain dialogue with the ELN communications liaisons and representatives of the Government of Colombia in the regional and local bodies with a view to providing the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism with the necessary information to avoid incidents, in accordance with the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols.
3.8. As part of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, the Episcopal Conference of Colombia shall coordinate with the social monitoring network in the performance of its duties.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Pursuant to the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN), signed on 9 June 2023, the present Protocol sets out the role of the Catholic Church of Colombia and the procedures for the support it shall provide to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.
1. Role of the Church in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
1.1. As part of its pastoral mission in the quest for peace and reconciliation and in service to the communities that are clamouring for an improvement in their humanitarian situation, the Catholic Church has agreed to participate in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, which also includes the Government of Colombia, ELN and the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia.
The role and mandate of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism are established in the Protocol on the mandate of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism for the temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of Colombia and ELN.
...
3. Role of the Church in supporting the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
The Church shall have the authority to:
...
3.7. The Episcopal Conference of Colombia, together with the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia, shall maintain dialogue with the ELN communications liaisons and representatives of the Government of Colombia in the regional and local bodies with a view to providing the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism with the necessary information to avoid incidents, in accordance with the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: 3. Role of the Church in supporting the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
The Church shall have the authority to:
...
(Signed) Angela Bargellini
Delegate of the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Colombia
Other international signatory: 3. Role of the Church in supporting the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
The Church shall have the authority to:
...
(Signed) Laura Berdine Santos Delamonica
Federative Republic of Brazil
(Signed) Eugenio Martínez Enríquez Republic of Cuba
(Signed) Peder Østebø Kingdom of Norway
(Signed) Patricia Esquenazi Marín Republic of Chile
(Signed) Roberto de Lern Huerta United Mexican States
(Signed) Gen. Carlos Martínez Mendoza
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: 3. Role of the Church in supporting the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
The Church shall have the authority to:
...
3.7. The Episcopal Conference of Colombia, together with the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia, shall maintain dialogue with the ELN communications liaisons and representatives of the Government of Colombia in the regional and local bodies with a view to providing the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism with the necessary information to avoid incidents, in accordance with the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: No specific mention.

Protocol on the role of the Catholic Church in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism in the context of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberaciyn Nacional (ELN)

Pursuant to the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN), signed on 9 June 2023, the present Protocol sets out the role of the Catholic Church of Colombia and the procedures for the support it shall provide to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.

1. Role of the Church in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism

1.1. As part of its pastoral mission in the quest for peace and reconciliation and in service to the communities that are clamouring for an improvement in their humanitarian situation, the Catholic Church has agreed to participate in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, which also includes the Government of Colombia, ELN and the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia.

The role and mandate of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism are established in the Protocol on the mandate of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism for the temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of Colombia and ELN.

1.2. As part of its monitoring support role, the Catholic Church shall inform the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism of any situations that arise and of which it becomes aware.

The Church shall not evaluate, verify or categorize incidents, nor shall it issue technical opinions, since those tasks fall outside its mission and its members do not have the relevant technical expertise.

1.3. The Church shall assist the members of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism carrying out the verification tasks that are agreed on by the parties.

It shall provide such assistance as part of its pastoral work and for the benefit of the community, as the purpose of the Agreement is to improve the humanitarian situation.

In its participation, the Church shall aim to contribute to the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols, in accordance with the temporal and territorial conditions governing ecclesiastical jurisdictions, and always in accordance with its doctrine of peace.

The Church shall remain impartial and keep the facts and information it receives and/or transmits to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism strictly confidential.

2. Establishment of levels of ecclesial support for the national, regional and local bodies

2.1. In the national body:

The delegation of the Episcopal Conference of Colombia or its substitute, in order to support the peace talks panel and its processes, shall represent the Church component of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism and shall be involved in the process of supporting the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.

The component shall have decision-making power over situations relevant to the Church that are not contemplated in the present Protocol.

2.2. In the regional and local bodies:

The Episcopal Conference of Colombia shall liaise with the bishops of the

ecclesiastical jurisdictions in order to ensure that they participate directly, or through their delegates, in the regional and local bodies in which the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism is expected to be present.

Similarly, the bishops shall organize the Church teams they deem appropriate for their support mission.

3. Role of the Church in supporting the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism

The Church shall have the authority to:

3.1. Participate in the meetings and activities of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism that are considered necessary for compliance with the temporary bilateral national ceasefire.

3.2. Gather information from communities on the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols, as well as on regional and local dynamics, and share such information with the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism independently or as part of formal monitoring teams.

The Church shall maintain the confidentiality of the information and protect its sources of information.

3.3. Help to prevent incidents and protect the population by sharing information on potential or imminent incidents.

3.4. Coordinate the support provided by the regional and local bodies in the implementation of the temporary bilateral national ceasefire.

3.5. Provide training on the content of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols, the functioning of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism and the mechanisms for safely reporting information.

The Church can help to inform and raise the awareness of communities.

3.6. Act as liaison between communities and the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.

3.7. The Episcopal Conference of Colombia, together with the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia, shall maintain dialogue with the ELN communications liaisons and representatives of the Government of Colombia in the regional and local bodies with a view to providing the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism with the necessary information to avoid incidents, in accordance with the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols.

3.8. As part of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, the Episcopal Conference of Colombia shall coordinate with the social monitoring network in the performance of its duties.

In addition, it shall coordinate with the agreed-upon humanitarian protection mechanisms at the local level.

Havana, Cuba, 13 July 2023.

Delegation of the Government of the Republic of Colombia

(Signed) José Otty Patiño Hormaza Head of delegation

(Signed) Iván Danilo Rueda Rodríguez High Commissioner for Peace

Delegation of the Ejército de Liberación Nacional – ELN

(Signed) Pablo Beltrán Head of delegation

(Signed) Aureliano Carbonell

(Signed) Iván Cepeda Castro (Signed) Bernardo Téllez

(Signed) Orlando Romero Reyes (Signed) Manuel Gustavo Martínez

(Signed) Horacio Guerrero García (Signed) María Consuelo Tapias

(Signed) Olga Lilia Silva Lypez (Signed) Isabel Torres

(Signed) Rosmery Quintero Castro (Signed) Simón Pabrn

(Signed) Carlos Alfonso Rosero (Signed) Mauricio Iguarán

(Signed) Adelaida Jiménez Cortés (Signed) Rodrigo Botero García (Signed) Dayana Paola Urzola Domicy (Signed) José Félix Lafaurie Rivera (Signed) Nigeria Rentería Lozano (Signed) Álvaro Matallana Eslava (Signed) María José Pizarro Rodríguez

As observers for the Armed Forces:

(Signed) Brig.

Gen. William Oswaldo Rincón Zambrano

(Signed) Maj.

Gen. Hugo Alejandro Lypez Barreto

As witnesses and depositaries:

Guarantor countries

(Signed) Laura Berdine Santos Delamonica

Federative Republic of Brazil

(Signed) Eugenio Martínez Enríquez Republic of Cuba

(Signed) Peder Østebø Kingdom of Norway

(Signed) Patricia Esquenazi Marín Republic of Chile

(Signed) Roberto de Lern Huerta United Mexican States

(Signed) Gen. Carlos Martínez Mendoza

Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

Permanent accompanying partners

(Signed) Angela Bargellini

Delegate of the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Colombia

(Signed) Msgr.

Héctor Fabio Henao Gaviria