Oath Ratification

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Country/entity: South Sudan
Sudan
Southern Kordofan - Blue Nile - Abyei
Region: Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name: Oath Ratification
Date: 31 Jan 2002
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/local conflict
Stage: Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature: Inter-group
Peace process: South Sudan: Pre-secession Local Peace Processes
Parties: Signed by 11 tribes leaders from both sides
Third parties: Brig. Abdel Rahman Hassan Omer
Commissioner of Abbiey region
Description: Short local agreement in which the Dinka and Missiera tribal leaders vow to live together in reconciliation and peace, and to cooperate in rehabilitation and development of the regions, to stop hostilities, and reinstate justice.

Agreement document: SS_SD_020130_Oath Ratification.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→Rhetorical
Page 1,Oath Ratification,
We, the undersigned, representing Dinka and Missieria tribes in the regions of Muglad and Abbiey, declare that there are strong family bonds, and cordial relations between our two tribes since a very long time in history.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
Page 1,Oath Ratification,
...We have also undertake to mutually cooperate in the rehabilitation and development of our regions, and to stop hostilities and reinstate justice.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→General commitments
Page 1,Oath Ratification,
...We have also undertake to mutually cooperate in the rehabilitation and development of our regions, and to stop hostilities and reinstate justice.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: Page 1,Oath Ratification,
...We have also undertake to mutually cooperate in the rehabilitation and development of our regions, and to stop hostilities and reinstate justice.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: Page 1,Oath Ratification,
We have vowed to live together in reconciliation and peace, and to restore the old good relations we inherited from our ancestors.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Rift Valley Institute (2002) 'Conflict Transformation in Abyei [presentation at Joint Donors Meeting hosted by Netherlands Embassy]', 4 June, Sudan Open Archive, p. 7. Available at: https://www.sudanarchive.net/

Annex II

GOD pronounce in Qura'an:

“We have created you as male and a female and made you into Nations and Tribes, to be acquainted with one another, those worthy of GOD's honour are your most devout ones.”

Oath Ratification

We, the undersigned, representing Dinka and Missieria tribes in the regions of Muglad and Abbiey, declare that there are strong family bonds, and cordial relations between our two tribes since a very long time in history.

We have vowed to live together in reconciliation and peace, and to restore the old good relations we inherited from our ancestors.

We have also undertake to mutually cooperate in the rehabilitation and development of our regions, and to stop hostilities and reinstate justice.

Signed by 11 tribes leaders from both sides, and ratified by;

Brig.

Abdel Rahman Hassan Omer

Commissioner of Abbiey region