Charter "And reconciliation is good" to support peaceful coexistence among the people of the Arabs of Murzuq and the Tabu in Murzuq

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Country/entity: Libya
Region: Middle East and North Africa
Agreement name: Charter "And reconciliation is good" to support peaceful coexistence among the people of the Arabs of Murzuq and the Tabu in Murzuq
Date: 13 Dec 2022
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/local conflict
Libyan Conflicts (1969 - 1994) (2011 - )
Agreements relate to two distinct conflict dyads.
Libya-Chad. Since the 1970s, Libya under Colonel Muammar Gaddafi had a tense relationship with its neighbour Chad, predominantly focused on the resource-rich Aouzou Strip in northern Chad. Libyan claims of the Aouzou Strip were held in an un-ratified treaty between France and Italy in 1935, similarly Chadian claims of the Strip were argued with support of a 1955 treaty between Libya and France. In 1973, Libya effectively annexed the Strip to gain access to natural resources. This spurred cross-border clashes between 1979 until 1987 until escalated to a brief war known as the Toyota War, wherein Chadian government troops succeeded in repelling Libyan forces. A brief and repeatedly violated ceasefire was held from 1987-88, followed by a series of unsuccessful negotiations, until an International Court of Justice ruling in 1994, which granted sovereignty of the Strip to Chad.

Libya post-Gaddafi. Gaddafi’s downfall following the Libyan Civil War in 2011-2012, led to several factions fighting for the country’s leadership. Since 2013, the country effectively split into three entities, with the National Army controlling the east including the city of Benghazi, and the New General National Congress and their militias such as the Golden Dawn controlling the northwest including the capital of Tripoli. Significant portions of the country in the south-west are currently held by Tuareg forces. The civil war and chaos continued into 2014 as the General National Congress refused to disband after the expiry of its mandate, resulting in eruption of mass protests. The UN efforts continue to broker peace between the Libyan Army and the Libya Dawn factions, and a partial ceasefire was declared in January 2015. A new interim-government (Tunisia-based) called ‘Government of National Accord’ is formed with the backing of UN despite the refusal of the other forces to recognise its authority and arrived to Tripoli with the UN in 2016. A state of emergency was declared by the UN backed government amid clashed between rival militia in Tripoli’s southern suburbs. Since April 2019 there has been sustained fighting between the Libyan National Army and the UN-backed government in Tripoli as the Libyan National Army aims to seize Tripoli.
Stage: Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature: Inter-group
Peace process: Libyan local processes
Parties: Accreditation of the head of the committee in charge of the Arab people of Murzuq
Name: Abdel Salam Ramadan Abdel Hafeez
Credentials: Head of Arab of Murzuq delegation

Accreditation of the head of the committee in charge of the Tebu people of Murzuq
Name: Al-Lahouzi Youssef Mahmoud
Credentials: Head of the Tebu of Murzuq delegation
Third parties: Accreditation of the President of the Italian Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace Organization
Name: Maria Nicoletta Gaida
Credentials: President of the Italian Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace Organization

Accreditation of the head of the office of the head of the committee formed by the Presidential Council
Name: Ben Issa Al-Siddiq
Credentials: Head of the Presidential Council’s office in the southern region

Accreditation of the head of the committee assigned by the Presidential Council
Name: Ahmed Abu Darbal
Credentials: The head of the Committee from the presidency and the head of the committee

Accreditation of the House of Representatives
Name: Ibrahim Misbah Al-Hadi
Credentials: Member of the House of Representatives

Accreditation of the Deputy Prime Minister of the Government of National Unity
Name: Ramadan Ahmed Abu Janah
Credentials: Deputy Prime Minister of the Government of National Unity

Accreditation of the Chairman of the National Council for Public Liberties and Human Rights
Name: Dr. Omar Hamad Hijazi
Credentials: Chairman of the Council
Description: A short local agreement of coexistence between two groups in the Murzuq region which substantively addresses return of displaced families and implementation of emergency development and infrastructure building for the two communities. The agreement also substantively addresses the need for confidence building activities in the shared city space and support for those with needs, including youth and women's initiatives.

Agreement document: LY_221213_Charter "And reconciliation is good" to support peaceful coexistence among the people of the Arabs of Murzuq and the Tabu in Murzuq_EN.docx.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): LY_221213_Peace is Good Agreement.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: Groups→Children/youth→Rhetorical
The two parties agreed on the initiative with the Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace, the Italian Agency for Development and partners in the Italian government to support the efforts of peaceful coexistence through the implementation of urgent and emergency projects, which will ensure the provision of suitable facilities for the return and stability of displaced families, and moving the wheel of [normalisation of] life in the city, especially services related to water and sanitation, and renewable energy, health, education, infrastructure, agriculture, and activities related to building confidence, psychological support, support for initiatives of youth, women, people with needs, and other related fields...
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Rhetorical
The two parties agreed on the initiative with the Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace, the Italian Agency for Development and partners in the Italian government to support the efforts of peaceful coexistence through the implementation of urgent and emergency projects, which will ensure the provision of suitable facilities for the return and stability of displaced families, and moving the wheel of [normalisation of] life in the city, especially services related to water and sanitation, and renewable energy, health, education, infrastructure, agriculture, and activities related to building confidence, psychological support, support for initiatives of youth, women, people with needs, and other related fields...
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: The two parties agreed on the initiative with the Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace, the Italian Agency for Development and partners in the Italian government to support the efforts of peaceful coexistence through the implementation of urgent and emergency projects, which will ensure the provision of suitable facilities for the return and stability of displaced families, and moving the wheel of [normalisation of] life in the city, especially services related to water and sanitation, and renewable energy, health, education, infrastructure, agriculture, and activities related to building confidence, psychological support, support for initiatives of youth, women, people with needs, and other related fields...
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
The two parties agreed on the initiative with the Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace, the Italian Agency for Development and partners in the Italian government to support the efforts of peaceful coexistence through the implementation of urgent and emergency projects, which will ensure the provision of suitable facilities for the return and stability of displaced families, and moving the wheel of [normalisation of] life in the city, especially services related to water and sanitation, and renewable energy, health, education, infrastructure, agriculture, and activities related to building confidence, psychological support, support for initiatives of youth, women, people with needs, and other related fields...
The two parties are committed to inviting everyone to unify efforts, visions and goals towards peaceful coexistence and peace in Murzuq without any exclusion or marginalization of anyone, while welcoming all local, national and international initiatives aimed at peaceful coexistence, peace, stability and development in Murzuq...
Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Infrastructure and reconstruction
The two parties agreed on the initiative with the Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace, the Italian Agency for Development and partners in the Italian government to support the efforts of peaceful coexistence through the implementation of urgent and emergency projects, which will ensure the provision of suitable facilities for the return and stability of displaced families, and moving the wheel of [normalisation of] life in the city, especially services related to water and sanitation, and renewable energy, health, education, infrastructure, agriculture, and activities related to building confidence, psychological support, support for initiatives of youth, women, people with needs, and other related fields...
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: It is on this day, Tuesday, 19 Jumada al-Awwal 1444 AH, corresponding to December 13, 2022 AD, and with the generous sponsorship of the Italian Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace Organization and the Italian government, in the presence of representatives of the Libyan government, represented by deputy Prime Minister, Ramadan Abu Janah and the head of the diwan of the Presidential Council in the southern region, and the committee assigned by the government and the Presidential Council after it was not possible for His Excellency the Vice-President of the Presidential Council, Mr. Musa Al-Koni, to attend for health reasons, and the attendance of the President of the Senate of Tabu Libya and the joint social committee in Murzuq “the people of the Arabs of Murzuq and Tabu Murzuq” and the presence of Mr. Dr. Ibrahim Al-Hadi, member of the House of Representatives, and based on the document of peaceful coexistence ratified on the 28 September 2022 in the Murzuq region and under the auspices of the General Command of the Armed Forces, represented by the Commander of the Southern Operations Room and the Commander of the Murzuq military region and the municipality of Murzuq, which was approved by the members of the joint committee, and in the presence of the committee assigned by the Presidential Council and dignitaries of the southern region, and as a continuation of the great efforts to build trust between all parties for peaceful coexistence under the slogan (and reconciliation well), which states:
The two parties agreed on the initiative with the Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace, the Italian Agency for Development and partners in the Italian government to support the efforts of peaceful coexistence through the implementation of urgent and emergency projects, which will ensure the provision of suitable facilities for the return and stability of displaced families, and moving the wheel of [normalisation of] life in the city, especially services related to water and sanitation, and renewable energy, health, education, infrastructure, agriculture, and activities related to building confidence, psychological support, support for initiatives of youth, women, people with needs, and other related fields...
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: Land, property and environment→Cultural heritage→Intangible
The two parties consider that Murzuq constitutes a mosaic of history and a common civilization for all their inhabitants, Tabu and the [Arab] people[JB1] , and building social cohesion among its people, which is an essential basis for peace, stability and development in it...
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: Accreditation of the President of the Italian Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace Organization. Name: Maria Nicoletta Gaida. Credentials: President of the Italian Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace Organization. Signature: [hand-written signature]
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: No specific mention.

Charter "And reconciliation is good" to support peaceful coexistence among the people of the Arabs of Murzuq and the Tabu in Murzuq

In the name of God, the most gracious, the most merciful

(No good is there in much of their private conversation, except for those who enjoin charity or that which is right or conciliation between people.

And whoever does that seeking means to the approval of Allah – then We are going to give him a great reward).

Surah Al-Nisa:

114

God Almighty has spoken the truth

It is on this day, Tuesday, 19 Jumada al-Awwal 1444 AH, corresponding to December 13, 2022 AD, and with the generous sponsorship of the Italian Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace Organization and the Italian government, in the presence of representatives of the Libyan government, represented by deputy Prime Minister, Ramadan Abu Janah and the head of the diwan of the Presidential Council in the southern region, and the committee assigned by the government and the Presidential Council after it was not possible for His Excellency the Vice-President of the Presidential Council, Mr. Musa Al-Koni, to attend for health reasons, and the attendance of the President of the Senate of Tabu Libya and the joint social committee in Murzuq “the people of the Arabs of Murzuq and Tabu Murzuq” and the presence of Mr. Dr. Ibrahim Al-Hadi, member of the House of Representatives, and based on the document of peaceful coexistence ratified on the 28 September 2022 in the Murzuq region and under the auspices of the General Command of the Armed Forces, represented by the Commander of the Southern Operations Room and the Commander of the Murzuq military region and the municipality of Murzuq, which was approved by the members of the joint committee, and in the presence of the committee assigned by the Presidential Council and dignitaries of the southern region, and as a continuation of the great efforts to build trust between all parties for peaceful coexistence under the slogan (and reconciliation well), which states:

First:

The two parties consider that Murzuq constitutes a mosaic of history and a common civilization for all their inhabitants, Tabu and the [Arab] people[JB1] , and building social cohesion among its people, which is an essential basis for peace, stability and development in it...

Second:

The two parties are committed to supporting confidence-building measures by continuing the peaceful, constructive, frank and recovery dialogue between all, considering it a nucleus for the coexistence of peace and social cohesion in the city...

Third:

The two parties agreed on the initiative with the Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace, the Italian Agency for Development and partners in the Italian government to support the efforts of peaceful coexistence through the implementation of urgent and emergency projects, which will ensure the provision of suitable facilities for the return and stability of displaced families, and moving the wheel of [normalisation of] life in the city, especially services related to water and sanitation, and renewable energy, health, education, infrastructure, agriculture, and activities related to building confidence, psychological support, support for initiatives of youth, women, people with needs, and other related fields...

Fourth:

The two parties are committed to inviting everyone to unify efforts, visions and goals towards peaceful coexistence and peace in Murzuq without any exclusion or marginalization of anyone, while welcoming all local, national and international initiatives aimed at peaceful coexistence, peace, stability and development in Murzuq...

Fifth:

The two parties call on the united Libyan government, the European Union mission and the American mission in Libya, and to those who care about Murzuq to support this pact and provide the necessary support for the stability of the city and the return of life to it...

In conclusion, the members of the two delegations extend their thanks, appreciation, and gratitude to everyone who contributed to this initiative, especially Mr. Musa Al-Koni, Vice President of the Presidential Council, Mr. Ramadan Abu Janah, Deputy Prime Minister, the Italian Embassy in Libya represented by Ambassador Giuseppe Buccino, and the organization of the Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace, represented by its president, Mrs. Maria Gaida, and the Commander of the Murzuq military region and the Directorate of security in Murzuq, and the members of the Commission formed by the Presidency Council and the government, and the Fezzan Region Council, the neighbouring municipalities of Murzuq, and the Social Council in the Murzuq basin, and for all those who seek goodness, peace and stability for Murzuq, and for all and for all the people of Murzuq and its inhabitants, especially those who have suffered throughout these years to create a better future for Murzuq and its people...

Issued in the Italian capital, Rome, on this day, Tuesday, 19 Jumada al-Awwal 1444 AH, corresponding to 13 December 2022.

Ratification of the Charter

Accreditation of the head of the committee in charge of the Arab people of Murzuq

Name:

Abdel Salam Ramadan Abdel Hafeez

Credentials:

Head of Arab of Murzuq delegation

Signature:

[hand-written signature]

Accreditation of the head of the committee in charge of the Tebu people of Murzuq

Name:

Al-Lahouzi Youssef Mahmoud

Credentials:

Head of the Tebu of Murzuq delegation

Signature:

[hand-written signature]

Accreditation of the head of the office of the head of the committee formed by the Presidential Council

Name:

Ben Issa Al-Siddiq

Credentials:

Head of the Presidential Council’s office in the southern region

Signature:

[hand-written signature]

Accreditation of the head of the committee assigned by the Presidential Council

Name:

Ahmed Abu Darbal

Credentials:

The head of the Committee from the presidency and the head of the committee

Signature:

[hand-written signature]

Accreditation of the House of Representatives

Name:

Ibrahim Misbah Al-Hadi

Credentials:

Member of the House of Representatives

Signature:

[hand-written signature]

Accreditation of the President of the Italian Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace Organization. Name: Maria Nicoletta Gaida. Credentials: President of the Italian Ara Pacis Initiatives for Peace Organization. Signature: [hand-written signature]

Accreditation of the Deputy Prime Minister of the Government of National Unity

Name:

Ramadan Ahmed Abu Janah

Credentials:

Deputy Prime Minister of the Government of National Unity

Signature:

[hand-written signature]

Accreditation of the Chairman of the National Council for Public Liberties and Human Rights

Name:

Dr. Omar Hamad Hijazi

Credentials:

Chairman of the Council

Signature:

[hand-written signature]