Addendum to the Alafia Doukire and Salam Municipal Peace Charter

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Country/entity: Mali
Region: Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name: Addendum to the Alafia Doukire and Salam Municipal Peace Charter
Date: 9 Mar 2019
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/local conflict
Mali: Dogon-Fulani and other local conflicts (2015 -)
An initially intercommunal conflict between Dogon and Fulani (known in Mali as Peulh) communities in the Mopti region in central Mali, which has strong regional and national dimensions as well. The conflict emerged in 2015 from disputes over access to natural resources and land management between traditionally sedentary agriculturalists, the Dogon community, and semi-nomadic pastoralists and traders, the Fulani community. Given the state’s failure in providing security, various communities, including the Dozo community, grouped into militias, with the umbrella group Dan Na Ambassagou (DNA) comprising Dogon local defence militias. The intercommunal violence that ensued quickly became a regional emergency crisis, as extremist groups emerging from the northern regions to gain a foothold in the region benefited from this security vacuum by reinforcing the conflict through recruiting local population. In turn, the threat of extremist attacks fed back into the establishment of local defence militias. The emergence of Malian extremists in the Mopti region has triggered the internationalization of the conflict witnessing the intervention of international security forces, main missions being a Joint Force by the G5 Sahel, United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA), and the French Operation Serval (SOV). Given Mali’s colonial historical relationship with France, these interventions have de facto further added to the complexities of this conflict’s drivers. Reconciliation efforts on both local and state level culminated in a ceasefire agreement in 2018. However, in the run up to the July 2018 elections the region saw an upsurge in violent clashes with civilians by communal militias, with increasing violent activities by Dozo militias. In 2019 there was a sharp increase of violent attacks by militias, militaries and extremists, with violence against civilians being most common.
Stage: Implementation/renegotiation
Conflict nature: Inter-group
Peace process: Mali Local Processes
Parties: Signed

For Alafia

[seven signed names in original document]

For Douékiré

[five signed names in original document]

For Salam

[ten signed names in original document]
Third parties: No third parties have signed the document, however, HD Center for Humanitarian Dialogue have been present as mediators.

Page 2, untitled preamble:
We, the communities of Alafia, Douekire, and Salam, hereinafter referred to as the parties;

Recognizing the value of the charter signed on January 28 in Douekire following talks in Timbuktu and Taoudeni, facilitated by the center for humanitarian dialogue;

...

Have met in Tintelout as part of the mediation undertaken for 1 month by the Center for humanitarian dialogue, in support of the charter of January 2018, and agree on the following.
Description: This agreement is a renegotiation and extension of existing peace charter, in which the parties agree to ensure access to to roads, renounce banditry and violence, to jointly establish a natural resource management charter, and to form a nine-member board to support the work of the monitoring committee established in the existing peace charter.

Agreement document: ML_190309_Addendum to the Alafia Doukire and Salam Municipal Peace Charter_tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): ML_190309_Addendum to the Alafia Doukire and Salam Municipal Peace Charter.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: Page 2:
Article 1: commitments to secure movement
The Parties commit to working collectively to secure the movement of populations on the roads of their municipalities, and mainly on the Timbuktu-Goundam axis. More specifically, the parties commit to:
a) Fighting against banditry in all its forms;
b) Encouraging young people to abandon all forms of self-policing
c) Dissociating themselves from young people who commit acts of violence
d) Investing in the success of the monitoring committee's missions towards securing movement.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: Page 2:
Article 2: commitments to managing tensions related to natural resources
To facilitate the implementation of paragraph 5 of the January 2018 charter, the parties agree to:
e) Establish a natural resource management charter
f) Investing in the success of the monitoring committee's work surrounding access to natural resources.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 2:
Article 1: commitments to secure movement
The Parties commit to working collectively to secure the movement of populations on the roads of their municipalities, and mainly on the Timbuktu-Goundam axis. More specifically, the parties commit to:
a) Fighting against banditry in all its forms;
b) Encouraging young people to abandon all forms of self-policing
c) Dissociating themselves from young people who commit acts of violence
d) Investing in the success of the monitoring committee's missions towards securing movement.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: Page 2:
Article 1: commitments to secure movement
The Parties commit to working collectively to secure the movement of populations on the roads of their municipalities, and mainly on the Timbuktu-Goundam axis. More specifically, the parties commit to:
a) Fighting against banditry in all its forms;
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Available from HD Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue website, https://www.hdcentre.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Addendum-AlafiaDouekire-et-Salam-mars-2019.pdf (accessed on 19/6/2020)

Addendum to the January 2018 Charter for the consolidation of peace in the municipalities of Alafia, Douekire, and Salam:

Securing the movement of people on the Timbuktu-Goundam axis and concerted management of natural resources

March 2019

Preamble:

We, the communities of Alafia, Douekire, and Salam, hereinafter referred to as the parties;

Recognizing the value of the charter signed on January 28 in Douekire following talks in Timbuktu and Taoudeni, facilitated by the center for humanitarian dialogue;

Aware of the deterioration of the social fabric since the signing of the charter for peace on January 28, 2018, and that our disputes have taken a violent turn with the proliferation of weapons;

Conscious of the importance of the role of the monitoring committee set up under the charter of January 28, 2018, and wishing to support it;

Have met in Tintelout as part of the mediation undertaken for 1 month by the Center for humanitarian dialogue, in support of the charter of January 2018, and agree on the following.

Chapter I:

Commitments of the communities

Article 1:

commitments to secure movement

The Parties commit to working collectively to secure the movement of populations on the roads of their municipalities, and mainly on the Timbuktu-Goundam axis.

More specifically, the parties commit to:

Fighting against banditry in all its forms;

Encouraging young people to abandon all forms of self-policing

Dissociating themselves from young people who commit acts of violence

Investing in the success of the monitoring committee's missions towards securing movement.

Article 2:

commitments to managing tensions related to natural resources

To facilitate the implementation of paragraph 5 of the January 2018 charter, the parties agree to:

Establish a natural resource management charter

Investing in the success of the monitoring committee's work surrounding access to natural resources.

Chapter II:

Guarantees and support

Article 3:

To monitor the implementation of the commitments, the monitoring committee will be supported by a board of nine members (three nationals of Alafia, three from Douekire and three from Salam) who will be appointed by consensus from among the members of the committee.

This team will be responsible for:

Regularly updating the Parties on the progress made in implementing the commitments made under this Addendum in order to strengthen its scope;

Notifying the monitoring committee of behavior that could lead to non-compliance with the January 2018 Charter or this Addendum

Chapter III:

Final provisions

Article 4:

This Addendum comes into force from the date of signature.

Tintelout, March 09, 2019

Signed

For Alafia

[seven signed names in original document]

For Douékiré

[five signed names in original document]

For Salam

[ten signed names in original document]