Accords de Lomé

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Country/entity: Cote d'Ivoire
Region: Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name: Accords de Lomé
Date: 1 Nov 2002
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Ivorian Civil War (2002 - 2011)
The Ivorian civil war broke out in 2002 over the disqualification of Alassane Ouattara from the predominantly Muslim north for the presidential elections due to his missing “Ivoirity”. This concept, politically enforced by nationalist forces around President Laurent Ggagbo in the South of the country and in the capital Abidjan, demanded that both parents of a presidential candidate had to be born in Cote D’Ivoire. Despite several agreements and French military involvement the fighting continued until 2005, when a South African mediation attempt – and the qualification of the national football squad for the World Cup in 2006 – helped to end the fighting. The situation remained unstable even with a UN peacekeeping force in place. Renewed fighting broke out after the presidential elections in 2010 where Ouattara was allowed to run, but he lost the elections under unclear circumstances and perceptions of fraud. Finally, Ggagbo was arrested in April 2011 by French-backed forces supporting Ouattara.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Cote D'Ivoire: peace process
Parties: For the Government of Côte d’Ivoire, Laurent DONA-FOLOGO
For the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire, Mr Guillaume SORO
For CEDEAO, Mohamed Ibn CHAMBAS, Executive Secretary
Third parties: -
Description: -

Agreement document: CI_021101__Accord de Lome sur la liberation de prisonniers civils et militaires_tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CI_021101_Accord de LOME sur la libération des prisonniers civils et militaires.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 1, Paragraph 2
A Committee in charge of the liberation of civilian and military prisoners of war shall be established, presided over by the International Committee of the Red Cross (CICR) and made up of the commander of the CEDEAO Force for monitoring the cessation of hostilities or his representative, or the commander of the Licorne Operation pending the establishment of the West-African Force, representatives of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire, the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire (MPCI), and other relevant agencies from the United Nations and NGOs.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 1, Paragraph 2
A Committee in charge of the liberation of civilian and military prisoners of war shall be established, presided over by the International Committee of the Red Cross (CICR) and made up of the commander of the CEDEAO Force for monitoring the cessation of hostilities or his representative, or the commander of the Licorne Operation pending the establishment of the West-African Force, representatives of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire, the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire (MPCI), and other relevant agencies from the United Nations and NGOs.

Page 1, Paragraph 3
The Committee responsible for the liberation of civilian and military prisoners of war shall start work immediately by contacting the competent authorities of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire and qualified representatives of the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire, to order to proceed to the immediate release of civilian and military prisoners of war.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: Page 1, Paragraph 1
The civilian and military prisoners captured during the hostilities which began on September 19, 2002, shall be released by each of the parties holding them.

Page 1, Paragraph 2
A Committee in charge of the liberation of civilian and military prisoners of war shall be established, presided over by the International Committee of the Red Cross (CICR) and made up of the commander of the CEDEAO Force for monitoring the cessation of hostilities or his representative, or the commander of the Licorne Operation pending the establishment of the West-African Force, representatives of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire, the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire (MPCI), and other relevant agencies from the United Nations and NGOs.

Page 1, Paragraph 3
The Committee responsible for the liberation of civilian and military prisoners of war shall start work immediately by contacting the competent authorities of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire and qualified representatives of the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire, to order to proceed to the immediate release of civilian and military prisoners of war.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: Page 1, Paragraph 2
A Committee in charge of the liberation of civilian and military prisoners of war shall be established, presided over by the International Committee of the Red Cross (CICR) and made up of the commander of the CEDEAO Force for monitoring the cessation of hostilities or his representative, or the commander of the Licorne Operation pending the establishment of the West-African Force, representatives of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire, the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire (MPCI), and other relevant agencies from the United Nations and NGOs.
Enforcement mechanism: Page 1, Paragraph 2
A Committee in charge of the liberation of civilian and military prisoners of war shall be established, presided over by the International Committee of the Red Cross (CICR) and made up of the commander of the CEDEAO Force for monitoring the cessation of hostilities or his representative, or the commander of the Licorne Operation pending the establishment of the West-African Force, representatives of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire, the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire (MPCI), and other relevant agencies from the United Nations and NGOs.

Page 1, Paragraph 3
The Committee responsible for the liberation of civilian and military prisoners of war shall start work immediately by contacting the competent authorities of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire and qualified representatives of the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire, to order to proceed to the immediate release of civilian and military prisoners of war.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: http://peacemaker.un.org/

LOME Agreements

Spokespersons for peace at Lomé:

Here is the text of the first Agreement on the liberation of civilian and military prisoners The Government of the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire and the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire (MPCI);

Determined to progress the present negotiations in order to restore peace and enable a return to normal life in Côte d’Ivoire;

Reaffirming their desire to resolve their differences through dialogue and in a spirit of brotherhood, in accordance with the recommendations of the Extraordinary Summit of Heads of Government and CEDAEO on the situation in Côte d’Ivoire, which took place in Accra on September 29, 2002;

Condemning the capture by their respective forces of numerous civilian and military prisoners of war and wishing to end the suffering of these people;

Agree as follows:

Page 1, Paragraph 2

A Committee in charge of the liberation of civilian and military prisoners of war shall be established, presided over by the International Committee of the Red Cross (CICR) and made up of the commander of the CEDEAO Force for monitoring the cessation of hostilities or his representative, or the commander of the Licorne Operation pending the establishment of the West-African Force, representatives of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire, the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire (MPCI), and other relevant agencies from the United Nations and NGOs.

Page 1, Paragraph 3

The Committee responsible for the liberation of civilian and military prisoners of war shall start work immediately by contacting the competent authorities of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire and qualified representatives of the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire, to order to proceed to the immediate release of civilian and military prisoners of war.

Done at Lome, 2 November 2002

For the Government of Côte d’Ivoire, Laurent DONA-FOLOGO

For the Patriotic Movement of Côte d’Ivoire, Mr Guillaume SORO For CEDEAO, Mohamed Ibn CHAMBAS, Executive Secretary