Statement on the Current Events in the Capital Tripoli

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Country/entity: Libya
Region: Middle East and North Africa
Agreement name: Statement on the Current Events in the Capital Tripoli
Date: 15 Mar 2017
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/local conflict
Libyan Conflicts (1969 - 1994) (2011 - )
Agreements relate to two distinct conflict dyads.
Libya-Chad. Since the 1970s, Libya under Colonel Muammar Gaddafi had a tense relationship with its neighbour Chad, predominantly focused on the resource-rich Aouzou Strip in northern Chad. Libyan claims of the Aouzou Strip were held in an un-ratified treaty between France and Italy in 1935, similarly Chadian claims of the Strip were argued with support of a 1955 treaty between Libya and France. In 1973, Libya effectively annexed the Strip to gain access to natural resources. This spurred cross-border clashes between 1979 until 1987 until escalated to a brief war known as the Toyota War, wherein Chadian government troops succeeded in repelling Libyan forces. A brief and repeatedly violated ceasefire was held from 1987-88, followed by a series of unsuccessful negotiations, until an International Court of Justice ruling in 1994, which granted sovereignty of the Strip to Chad.

Libya post-Gaddafi. Gaddafi’s downfall following the Libyan Civil War in 2011-2012, led to several factions fighting for the country’s leadership. Since 2013, the country effectively split into three entities, with the National Army controlling the east including the city of Benghazi, and the New General National Congress and their militias such as the Golden Dawn controlling the northwest including the capital of Tripoli. Significant portions of the country in the south-west are currently held by Tuareg forces. The civil war and chaos continued into 2014 as the General National Congress refused to disband after the expiry of its mandate, resulting in eruption of mass protests. The UN efforts continue to broker peace between the Libyan Army and the Libya Dawn factions, and a partial ceasefire was declared in January 2015. A new interim-government (Tunisia-based) called ‘Government of National Accord’ is formed with the backing of UN despite the refusal of the other forces to recognise its authority and arrived to Tripoli with the UN in 2016. A state of emergency was declared by the UN backed government amid clashed between rival militia in Tripoli’s southern suburbs. Since April 2019 there has been sustained fighting between the Libyan National Army and the UN-backed government in Tripoli as the Libyan National Army aims to seize Tripoli.
Stage: Ceasefire/related
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Libyan peace process
Parties: The Presidential Council, the Defence Minister, the Interior Minister, the Command of the Presidential Guard, all the deans of the municipalities of Misurata, Central Tripoli and Souq al-Juma’a, the Security Director of Tripoli, the Command of the Military Area of Tripoli, the Supreme Council for Reconciliation of Greater Tripoli, the Council of Elders for Consultation and Reform of the Municipality of Misurata and a number of commanders of the brigades of Tripoli and Misurata.
Third parties: -
Description: Ceasefire agreement between rival factions in Tripoli. The agreement itself is backed by the Government of National Assembly in Tripoli. Agreement calls for an immediate ceasefire, and assigns various Brigades loyal to the Ministry of Defence to secure the city. An implementation committee is formed consisting of of the two Ministries of Interior and Defence within 30 days.

Agreement document: LY_170315_Statement on the Current Events in the Capital Tripoli_EN.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): LY_170315_Statement on the Current Events in the Capital Tripoli_AR.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1, 1- There will be an immediate ceasefire in the capital Tripoli.

Page 1, 2- All the armed formations will leave the capital Tripoli, according to the principles of the political agreement.

Page 1, 4- The Affiliated 301st Brigade of the Defence Ministry and the Security Directorate of Tripoli will be assigned to secure the headquarters of the Interior Ministry.
5- The Affiliated 17th Security Band of the Central Security will be assigned to secure the Airport Road.
6- The Command of the Presidential Guard will assign the 14th Brigade and the 155th Brigade of the Presidential Guard to secure the National Transitional Council.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 1, 2- All the armed formations will leave the capital Tripoli, according to the principles of the political agreement.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: Page 1, 3- All the detainees who are identified will be released.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: Page 1, 7- A committee will be formed in which the two Ministries of Defence and Interior will participate, in order to continue the evacuation of all the places in which the armed formations are operating in and to re-station them outside the capital. [This will happen] over a period which will not exceed 30 days from the date of the release of the statement.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Abdullah Ben Ibrahim, ‘Unilateral ceasefire agreement signed in Tripoli’, Libya Observer, 16 March 2017, https://www.libyaobserver.ly/news/unilateral-ceasefire-agreement-signed-tripoli

Statement on the Current Events in the Capital Tripoli

Due to the current security situation inside the capital Tripoli and the unfortunate events that have claimed the lives of citizens and because of the legal and moral responsibility to our agreement regarding social security and peace, every one of these met:

The Presidential Council, the Defence Minister, the Interior Minister, the Command of the Presidential Guard, all the deans of the municipalities of Misurata, Central Tripoli and Souq al-Juma’a, the Security Director of Tripoli, the Command of the Military Area of Tripoli, the Supreme Council for Reconciliation of Greater Tripoli, the Council of Elders for Consultation and Reform of the Municipality of Misurata and a number of commanders of the brigades of Tripoli and Misurata.

They agreed on the following:

1- There will be an immediate ceasefire in the capital Tripoli.

2- All the armed formations will leave the capital Tripoli, according to the principles of the political agreement.

3- All the detainees who are identified will be released.

4- The Affiliated 301st Brigade of the Defence Ministry and the Security Directorate of Tripoli will be assigned to secure the headquarters of the Interior Ministry.

5- The Affiliated 17th Security Band of the Central Security will be assigned to secure the Airport Road.

6- The Command of the Presidential Guard will assign the 14th Brigade and the 155th Brigade of the Presidential Guard to secure the National Transitional Council.

7- A committee will be formed in which the two Ministries of Defence and Interior will participate, in order to continue the evacuation of all the places in which the armed formations are operating in and to re-station them outside the capital. [

This will happen] over a period which will not exceed 30 days from the date of the release of the statement.

May Allah protect Libya

Released in Tripoli on 15 March 2017