Agreement between the Political parties to Amend the Constitution and to Further the Peace Process

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Country/entity: Nepal
Region: Asia and Pacific
Agreement name: Agreement between the Political parties to Amend the Constitution and to Further the Peace Process
Date: 25 Jun 2008
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Stage: Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Nepal peace process
Parties: 1) Mr Pushpa Kamal Dahal (Prachanda), Chairman, Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) Sd.
2) Mr Ram Chandra Poudel, Vice President, Nepali Congress Sd.
3) Mr Jhala Nath Khanal, General Secretary, Communist Party of Nepal (UML) Sd.
4) Mr Chandra Prakash Mainali, Chairperson, Samyukta Bammorcha Sd.
5) Mr Amik Sherchan, Chairperson, Janamorcha Nepal Sd.
6) Narayan Man Bijukchhe, Chairperson, Nepal Majdoor Kisaan Party Sd.
7) Mr Shyam Sunder Gupta, General Secretary, Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Anandi Devi) Sd.
Third parties: -
Description: An agreement between the political parties in Nepal to amend the interim constitution and progress certain other issues related to the peace process. Issues covered include constitutional reform, DDR, property restoration, implementation of provisions from previous agreements, and reparations.

Agreement document: NP_080625_AmendConstitutionandFurtherPeaceProcess.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: Groups→Disabled persons→Substantive
Page 5, 6. Relief for Conflict Victims:
6.1 The persons displaced due to the conflict shall be rehabilitated with respect. The families of those who lost their lives in the course of the conflict shall be provided with relief while search operations shall be undertaken for the disappeared, and any remaining political prisoners shall be released. Compensation shall be provided in lieu of the property verified as damaged due to the conflict and relief shall be provided to those whose property, including lands and houses, were seized during the conflict. Provision shall be made for the treatment of those who were injured during the Jana Andolan or the conflict but are yet to receive appropriate treatment.
6.2 Appropriate compensation shall be provided to the families of those candidates and political activists who lost their lives in the course of the election, and medical treatment shall be provided to the injured. Relief shall be provided to those who lost their property in the course of the election due to acts of arson or looting. Investigations shall be conducted into the criminal incidents taking place during the election and the guilty shall be brought to book.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: Page 3, 6. Relief for Conflict Victims:
6.1 The persons displaced due to the conflict shall be rehabilitated with respect. The families of those who lost their lives in the course of the conflict shall be provided with relief while search operations shall be undertaken for the disappeared, and any remaining political prisoners shall be released. Compensation shall be provided in lieu of the property verified as damaged due to the conflict and relief shall be provided to those whose property, including lands and houses, were seized during the conflict. Provision shall be made for the treatment of those who were injured during the Jana Andolan or the conflict but are yet to receive appropriate treatment.
6.2 Appropriate compensation shall be provided to the families of those candidates and political activists who lost their lives in the course of the election, and medical treatment shall be provided to the injured. Relief shall be provided to those who lost their property in the course of the election due to acts of arson or looting. Investigations shall be conducted into the criminal incidents taking place during the election and the guilty shall be brought to book.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: Page 3, 5. Formation of Commissions: Implementing the provisions of the understandings and agreements, including the Comprehensive Peace Accord, the commissions stipulated by Article 154 of the Constitution and yet to be formed, including the National Peace and Rehabilitation Commission, Truth and Reconciliation Commission, High-level Commission on Restructuring of the State, Commission on the Search for the Disappeared, Commission on Scientific Study and Recommendations on Land Reforms, shall be formed within one month on the basis of political consensus.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): Governance→Political institutions (new or reformed)→General references
Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
7.1 The right of the political parties to conduct political activities in any part of the country without any hindrance shall be fully ensured. No structure of any form parallel to the government shall be allowed to operate.
7.2 The state machinery shall run impartially, with commitment to maintain security of life and property of the people and to maintain peace and order in society. An environment shall be created for enabling the State to discourage criminal activities that may be carried out by various criminal elements during the transitional period.
Elections: Page 3, 6. Relief for Conflict Victims:
...6.2 Appropriate compensation shall be provided to the families of those candidates and political activists who lost their lives in the course of the election, and medical treatment shall be provided to the injured. Relief shall be provided to those who lost their property in the course of the election due to acts of arson or looting. Investigations shall be conducted into the criminal incidents taking place during the election and the guilty shall be brought to book.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: Governance→Political parties reform→Other political parties reform
Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
7.1 The right of the political parties to conduct political activities in any part of the country without any hindrance shall be fully ensured. No structure of any form parallel to the government shall be allowed to operate.
Civil society: Page 2, 3. Change in the Activities and Functioning of the YCL: The paramilitary style of functioning and activities of the CPN (Maoist)’s Young Communist League (YCL) shall be completely ended, and all public, government and private buildings and lands under its control shall be vacated and returned to the owners concerned within 15 days. The CPN (Maoist) has assured all political parties that YCL shall conduct itself in accordance with the laws of the land in future. A monitoring committee comprising representatives of political parties, human rights activists and local administration shall be established on the initiative of the local administration to monitor its implementation
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
...7.2 The state machinery shall run impartially, with commitment to maintain security of life and property of the people and to maintain peace and order in society. An environment shall be created for enabling the State to discourage criminal activities that may be carried out by various criminal elements during the transitional period.
7.3 The neutrality of the government media shall be ensured. The impartial operation of all state organs, including the judiciary, the constitutional bodies, the administration, the Army and the police, shall be ensured.
Constitution: Governance→Constitution→Constitutional reform/making
Page 1, 1. Amendment to the Constitution:
1.1. The election of the President, Vice-President, Prime Minister and the Chairpersons and Vice-Chairperson of the Constituent Assembly shall be done on the basis of consensus among the political parties. If, however, the parties fail to reach consensus, the election shall be done on the basis of a simple majority of the members of the Constituent Assembly. The Prime Minister shall obtain a vote of confidence on the basis of a simple majority. In order to make constitutional amendments on these issues and to those provisions that are repeated in the Interim Constitution 2006 regarding the working procedure of the Constituent Assembly, and Legislature-Parliament, an amendment bill shall be presented to a session of the Constituent Assembly.
1.2 Provision shall be made for inclusion of an opposition leader on the Constitutional Council.
1.3 Since there were differences between the Seven Political Parties about the inclusion of the leader of the main opposition party in the National Security Council when the government presented the bill to the Constituent Assembly, it is made clear that the Assembly shall take a decision on this issue.
While the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), the Communist Party of Nepal (UML), and Janamorcha Nepal were of the opinion that it was unnecessary to include an opposition leader in the National Security Council, the Nepali Congress, Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist) and Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Anandi Devi) were of the opinion that it was necessary. Nepal Majdoor Kisaan Party was of the opinion that all the political parties should have representation in the National Security Council.
1.4 The Constitution shall be amended to make a provision for inclusion of representatives from the major political parties in the Constituent Assembly in the Special Committee under Article 146 of the Constitution.

Page 3, Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
...7.4 The path of consensus and cooperation shall be adopted in order to focus on Constitution-drafting and to promulgate the new Constitution in time.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: Power sharing→Political power sharing→Executive coalition
State level
Page 1, 1. Amendment to the Constitution, 1.1: The election of the President, Vice-President, Prime Minister and the Chairpersons and Vice-Chairperson of the Constituent Assembly shall be done on the basis of consensus among the political parties. If, however, the parties fail to reach consensus, the election shall be done on the basis of a simple majority of the members of the Constituent Assembly. The Prime Minister shall obtain a vote of confidence on the basis of a simple majority. In order to make constitutional amendments on these issues and to those provisions that are repeated in the Interim Constitution 2006 regarding the working procedure of the Constituent Assembly, and Legislature-Parliament, an amendment bill shall be presented to a session of the Constituent Assembly.
Power sharing→Political power sharing→Proportionality in legislature
State level
Page 1, 1. Amendment to the Constitution:
...1.4 The Constitution shall be amended to make a provision for inclusion of representatives from the major political parties in the Constituent Assembly in the Special Committee under Article 146 of the Constitution.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media roles
Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
...7.3 The neutrality of the government media shall be ensured. The impartial operation of all state organs, including the judiciary, the constitutional bodies, the administration, the Army and the police, shall be ensured.
Mobility/access: Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
7.1 The right of the political parties to conduct political activities in any part of the country without any hindrance shall be fully ensured. No structure of any form parallel to the government shall be allowed to operate.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
...7.3 The neutrality of the government media shall be ensured. The impartial operation of all state organs, including the judiciary, the constitutional bodies, the administration, the Army and the police, shall be ensured.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: Page 1, 4. Return of Seized Property: In the context of the conflict referred to in the first point of the agreement between the eight political parties signed on March 30, 2007 that ‘The property, including private and public buildings, land, offices, factories and vehicles, that were under the control of the Maoists during the conflict are returned to the individuals and agencies concerned. The administration shall take legal action if anyone obstructs and hinders the use of [such] property, including houses, lands, factories and offices by the persons and institutions who own them,’ the CPN (Maoist) shall announce it immediately and shall implement it within 15 days. A central- level monitoring committee, comprising representatives of political parties, shall be formed to monitor the implementation.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: Land, property and environment→Land reform/rights→Land reform and management
Page 3, 5. Formation of Commissions: Implementing the provisions of the understandings and agreements, including the Comprehensive Peace Accord, the commissions stipulated by Article 154 of the Constitution and yet to be formed, including the National Peace and Rehabilitation Commission, Truth and Reconciliation Commission, High-level Commission on Restructuring of the State, Commission on the Search for the Disappeared, Commission on Scientific Study and Recommendations on Land Reforms, shall be formed within one month on the basis of political consensus.
Land, property and environment→Land reform/rights→Property return and restitution
Page 2, 3. Change in the Activities and Functioning of the YCL:
The paramilitary style of functioning and activities of the CPN (Maoist)’s Young Communist League (YCL) shall be completely ended, and all public, government and private buildings and lands under its control shall be vacated and returned to the owners concerned within 15 days. The CPN (Maoist) has assured all political parties that YCL shall conduct itself in accordance with the laws of the land in future. A monitoring committee comprising representatives of political parties, human rights activists and local administration shall be established on the initiative of the local administration to monitor its implementation

Page 1, 4. Return of Seized Property: In the context of the conflict referred to in the first point of the agreement between the eight political parties signed on March 30, 2007 that ‘The property, including private and public buildings, land, offices, factories and vehicles, that were under the control of the Maoists during the conflict are returned to the individuals and agencies concerned. The administration shall take legal action if anyone obstructs and hinders the use of [such] property, including houses, lands, factories and offices by the persons and institutions who own them,’ the CPN (Maoist) shall announce it immediately and shall implement it within 15 days. A central- level monitoring committee, comprising representatives of political parties, shall be formed to monitor the implementation.

Page 3, 6. Relief for Conflict Victims:
6.1 The persons displaced due to the conflict shall be rehabilitated with respect. The families of those who lost their lives in the course of the conflict shall be provided with relief while search operations shall be undertaken for the disappeared, and any remaining political prisoners shall be released. Compensation shall be provided in lieu of the property verified as damaged due to the conflict and relief shall be provided to those whose property, including lands and houses, were seized during the conflict. Provision shall be made for the treatment of those who were injured during the Jana Andolan or the conflict but are yet to receive appropriate treatment.
6.2 Appropriate compensation shall be provided to the families of those candidates and political activists who lost their lives in the course of the election, and medical treatment shall be provided to the injured. Relief shall be provided to those who lost their property in the course of the election due to acts of arson or looting. Investigations shall be conducted into the criminal incidents taking place during the election and the guilty shall be brought to book.
Land, property and environment→Land reform/rights→Other land rights
Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
...7.2 The state machinery shall run impartially, with commitment to maintain security of life and property of the people and to maintain peace and order in society. An environment shall be created for enabling the State to discourage criminal activities that may be carried out by various criminal elements during the transitional period.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: Page 1, 1. Amendment to the Constitution:
...1.3 Since there were differences between the Seven Political Parties about the inclusion of the leader of the main opposition party in the National Security Council when the government presented the bill to the Constituent Assembly, it is made clear that the Assembly shall take a decision on this issue.
While the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), the Communist Party of Nepal (UML), and Janamorcha Nepal were of the opinion that it was unnecessary to include an opposition leader in the National Security Council, the Nepali Congress, Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist) and Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Anandi Devi) were of the opinion that it was necessary. Nepal Majdoor Kisaan Party was of the opinion that all the political parties should have representation in the National Security Council.

Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
...7.2 The state machinery shall run impartially, with commitment to maintain security of life and property of the people and to maintain peace and order in society. An environment shall be created for enabling the State to discourage criminal activities that may be carried out by various criminal elements during the transitional period.
...7.5 The Government of Nepal shall make necessary security arrangements for the leaders of the political parties. There shall be no security mechanisms other than this provision.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
...7.3 The neutrality of the government media shall be ensured. The impartial operation of all state organs, including the judiciary, the constitutional bodies, the administration, the Army and the police, shall be ensured.
Armed forces: Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
...7.3 The neutrality of the government media shall be ensured. The impartial operation of all state organs, including the judiciary, the constitutional bodies, the administration, the Army and the police, shall be ensured.
DDR: Security sector→DDR→DDR programmes
Page 1, 1. Amendment to the Constitution:
...1.4 The Constitution shall be amended to make a provision for inclusion of representatives from the major political parties in the Constituent Assembly in the Special Committee under Article 146 of the Constitution.

Page 1-2, 2. Integration and Rehabilitation and Arms Management:
2.1 In accordance with the Comprehensive Peace Accord (CPA) and the Agreement on Monitoring of the Management of Arms and Armies (AMMAA), signed between the Government of Nepal and the CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the United Nations representative, the integration and rehabilitation of Maoist combatants living in temporary cantonments who have been registered and verified by the United Nations and management of their arms shall be carried out within maximum six months. For this, the Special Committee mentioned in Article 146 of the Interim Constitution 2007 shall include representatives from the major political parties in the Constituent Assembly. There may also be a Technical Committee comprising experts under this committee. The Special Committee shall be formed within 15 days of the constitution of the Council of Ministers and it shall commence its work. The country shall not bear any responsibility for verified combatants who have not been integrated or rehabilitated after six months.
2.2 The Special Committee mentioned in Article 146 of the Interim Constitution shall perform the following tasks, in addition to those agreed upon by the Special Committee on the basis of the Comprehensive Peace Accord, and the Agreement on Monitoring of the Management of Arms and Armies (AMMAA) signed between the Government of Nepal and CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the United Nations:
2.2.1 Collection of information about the conditions of Maoist combatants who have been registered and verified in the cantonments.
2.2.2 Offering the verified combatants of the Maoist Army various rehabilitation packages, including an economic package.
2.2.3 With regard to the verified Maoist combatants who have opted for integration, [their] as per the provision in Point 4.1.3 of AMMAA, signed between the Government of Nepal and CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the United Nations, which mentions that only those duly registered at the temporary cantonments and deemed eligible for possible integration in the security bodies after fulfilling the standard requirements.
2.2.4 Until the integration and rehabilitation is complete, Maoist combatants and the weapons in or outside the cantonments to be under the supervision, control and direction of the Special Committee.
2.2.5 From the beginning of the integration and rehabilitation process of Maoist combatants, the combatants shall not be affiliated to any political organisation and those with both political and military responsibilities to have to opt for either of them.
2.3 A request shall be made [to the United Nations] to continue its current work of monitoring the management of arms and armies as per the Agreement on Monitoring of the Management of Arms and Armies (AMMAA), signed between the Government of Nepal and CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the representative of the United Nations for six more months.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 1, 1. Amendment to the Constitution:
...1.4 The Constitution shall be amended to make a provision for inclusion of representatives from the major political parties in the Constituent Assembly in the Special Committee under Article 146 of the Constitution.

Page 1-2, 2. Integration and Rehabilitation and Arms Management:
2.1 In accordance with the Comprehensive Peace Accord (CPA) and the Agreement on Monitoring of the Management of Arms and Armies (AMMAA), signed between the Government of Nepal and the CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the United Nations representative, the integration and rehabilitation of Maoist combatants living in temporary cantonments who have been registered and verified by the United Nations and management of their arms shall be carried out within maximum six months. For this, the Special Committee mentioned in Article 146 of the Interim Constitution 2007 shall include representatives from the major political parties in the Constituent Assembly. There may also be a Technical Committee comprising experts under this committee. The Special Committee shall be formed within 15 days of the constitution of the Council of Ministers and it shall commence its work. The country shall not bear any responsibility for verified combatants who have not been integrated or rehabilitated after six months.
2.2 The Special Committee mentioned in Article 146 of the Interim Constitution shall perform the following tasks, in addition to those agreed upon by the Special Committee on the basis of the Comprehensive Peace Accord, and the Agreement on Monitoring of the Management of Arms and Armies (AMMAA) signed between the Government of Nepal and CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the United Nations:
2.2.1 Collection of information about the conditions of Maoist combatants who have been registered and verified in the cantonments.
2.2.2 Offering the verified combatants of the Maoist Army various rehabilitation packages, including an economic package.
2.2.3 With regard to the verified Maoist combatants who have opted for integration, [their] as per the provision in Point 4.1.3 of AMMAA, signed between the Government of Nepal and CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the United Nations, which mentions that only those duly registered at the temporary cantonments and deemed eligible for possible integration in the security bodies after fulfilling the standard requirements.
2.2.4 Until the integration and rehabilitation is complete, Maoist combatants and the weapons in or outside the cantonments to be under the supervision, control and direction of the Special Committee.
2.2.5 From the beginning of the integration and rehabilitation process of Maoist combatants, the combatants shall not be affiliated to any political organisation and those with both political and military responsibilities to have to opt for either of them.
2.3 A request shall be made [to the United Nations] to continue its current work of monitoring the management of arms and armies as per the Agreement on Monitoring of the Management of Arms and Armies (AMMAA), signed between the Government of Nepal and CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the representative of the United Nations for six more months.

Page 2, 3. Change in the Activities and Functioning of the YCL: The paramilitary style of functioning and activities of the CPN (Maoist)’s Young Communist League (YCL) shall be completely ended, and all public, government and private buildings and lands under its control shall be vacated and returned to the owners concerned within 15 days. The CPN (Maoist) has assured all political parties that YCL shall conduct itself in accordance with the laws of the land in future. A monitoring committee comprising representatives of political parties, human rights activists and local administration shall be established on the initiative of the local administration to monitor its implementation.

Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
...7.1 The right of the political parties to conduct political activities in any part of the country without any hindrance shall be fully ensured. No structure of any form parallel to the government shall be allowed to operate.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: Page 3, 7. Miscellaneous:
...7.2 The state machinery shall run impartially, with commitment to maintain security of life and property of the people and to maintain peace and order in society. An environment shall be created for enabling the State to discourage criminal activities that may be carried out by various criminal elements during the transitional period.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: Page 3, 5. Formation of Commissions: Implementing the provisions of the understandings and agreements, including the Comprehensive Peace Accord, the commissions stipulated by Article 154 of the Constitution and yet to be formed, including the National Peace and Rehabilitation Commission, Truth and Reconciliation Commission, High-level Commission on Restructuring of the State, Commission on the Search for the Disappeared, Commission on Scientific Study and Recommendations on Land Reforms, shall be formed within one month on the basis of political consensus.
Prisoner release: Page 3, 6. Relief for Conflict Victims:
6.1 The persons displaced due to the conflict shall be rehabilitated with respect. The families of those who lost their lives in the course of the conflict shall be provided with relief while search operations shall be undertaken for the disappeared, and any remaining political prisoners shall be released. Compensation shall be provided in lieu of the property verified as damaged due to the conflict and relief shall be provided to those whose property, including lands and houses, were seized during the conflict. Provision shall be made for the treatment of those who were injured during the Jana Andolan or the conflict but are yet to receive appropriate treatment.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: Page 3, 6. Relief for Conflict Victims:
6.1 The persons displaced due to the conflict shall be rehabilitated with respect. The families of those who lost their lives in the course of the conflict shall be provided with relief while search operations shall be undertaken for the disappeared, and any remaining political prisoners shall be released. Compensation shall be provided in lieu of the property verified as damaged due to the conflict and relief shall be provided to those whose property, including lands and houses, were seized during the conflict. Provision shall be made for the treatment of those who were injured during the Jana Andolan or the conflict but are yet to receive appropriate treatment.
6.2 Appropriate compensation shall be provided to the families of those candidates and political activists who lost their lives in the course of the election, and medical treatment shall be provided to the injured. Relief shall be provided to those who lost their property in the course of the election due to acts of arson or looting. Investigations shall be conducted into the criminal incidents taking place during the election and the guilty shall be brought to book.
Missing persons: Page 3, 5. Formation of Commissions: Implementing the provisions of the understandings and agreements, including the Comprehensive Peace Accord, the commissions stipulated by Article 154 of the Constitution and yet to be formed, including the National Peace and Rehabilitation Commission, Truth and Reconciliation Commission, High-level Commission on Restructuring of the State, Commission on the Search for the Disappeared, Commission on Scientific Study and Recommendations on Land Reforms, shall be formed within one month on the basis of political consensus.

Page 3, 6. Relief for Conflict Victims:
6.1 The persons displaced due to the conflict shall be rehabilitated with respect. The families of those who lost their lives in the course of the conflict shall be provided with relief while search operations shall be undertaken for the disappeared, and any remaining political prisoners shall be released. Compensation shall be provided in lieu of the property verified as damaged due to the conflict and relief shall be provided to those whose property, including lands and houses, were seized during the conflict. Provision shall be made for the treatment of those who were injured during the Jana Andolan or the conflict but are yet to receive appropriate treatment.
Reparations: Transitional justice→Reparations→Material reparations
Page 3, 6. Relief for Conflict Victims:
6.1 The persons displaced due to the conflict shall be rehabilitated with respect. The families of those who lost their lives in the course of the conflict shall be provided with relief while search operations shall be undertaken for the disappeared, and any remaining political prisoners shall be released. Compensation shall be provided in lieu of the property verified as damaged due to the conflict and relief shall be provided to those whose property, including lands and houses, were seized during the conflict. Provision shall be made for the treatment of those who were injured during the Jana Andolan or the conflict but are yet to receive appropriate treatment.
6.2 Appropriate compensation shall be provided to the families of those candidates and political activists who lost their lives in the course of the election, and medical treatment shall be provided to the injured. Relief shall be provided to those who lost their property in the course of the election due to acts of arson or looting. Investigations shall be conducted into the criminal incidents taking place during the election and the guilty shall be brought to book.
Reconciliation: Page 3, 5. Formation of Commissions: Implementing the provisions of the understandings and agreements, including the Comprehensive Peace Accord, the commissions stipulated by Article 154 of the Constitution and yet to be formed, including the National Peace and Rehabilitation Commission, Truth and Reconciliation Commission, High-level Commission on Restructuring of the State, Commission on the Search for the Disappeared, Commission on Scientific Study and Recommendations on Land Reforms, shall be formed within one month on the basis of political consensus.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: Page 1-2, 2. Integration and Rehabilitation and Arms Management:
...2.3 A request shall be made [to the United Nations] to continue its current work of monitoring the management of arms and armies as per the Agreement on Monitoring of the Management of Arms and Armies (AMMAA), signed between the Government of Nepal and CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the representative of the United Nations for six more months.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Asian Study Center for Peace & Conflict Transformation (2011), From Conflict to Peace in Nepal: Peace Agreements 2005-2010.

Agreement between the Political Parties to Amend the Constitution and to Further the Peace Process

In order to move ahead by collaborating with each other, embracing all understandings, agreements and decisions made in the past, including the Comprehensive Peace Accord, framing a new Constitution within the timeframe stipulated by the Constituent Assembly, and consolidating the federal democratic republic, an agreement has been reached on the following:

1. Amendment to the Constitution

1.1 The election of the President, Vice-President, Prime Minister and the Chairpersons and Vice-Chairperson of the Constituent Assembly shall be done on the basis of consensus among the political parties.

If, however, the parties fail to reach consensus, the election shall be done on the basis of a simple majority of the members of the Constituent Assembly.

The Prime Minister shall obtain a vote of confidence on the basis of a simple majority.

In order to make constitutional amendments on these issues and to those provisions that are repeated in the Interim Constitution 2006 regarding the working procedure of the Constituent Assembly, and Legislature-Parliament, an amendment bill shall be presented to a session of the Constituent Assembly.

1.2 Provision shall be made for inclusion of an opposition leader on the Constitutional Council.

1.3 Since there were differences between the Seven Political Parties about the inclusion of the leader of the main opposition party in the National Security Council when the government presented the bill to the Constituent Assembly, it is made clear that the Assembly shall take a decision on this issue.

While the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), the Communist Party of Nepal (UML), and Janamorcha Nepal were of the opinion that it was unnecessary to include an opposition leader in the National Security Council, the Nepali Congress, Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist) and Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Anandi Devi) were of the opinion that it was necessary.

Nepal Majdoor Kisaan Party was of the opinion that all the political parties should have representation in the National Security Council.

1.4 The Constitution shall be amended to make a provision for inclusion of representatives from the major political parties in the Constituent Assembly in the Special Committee under Article 146 of the Constitution.

2. Integration and Rehabilitation and Arms Management

2.1 In accordance with the Comprehensive Peace Accord (CPA) and the Agreement on Monitoring of the Management of Arms and Armies (AMMAA), signed between the Government of Nepal and the CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the United Nations representative, the integration and rehabilitation of Maoist combatants living in temporary cantonments who have been registered and verified by the United Nations and management of their arms shall be carried out within maximum six months.

For this, the Special Committee mentioned in Article 146 of the Interim Constitution 2007 shall include representatives from the major political parties in the Constituent Assembly.

There may also be a Technical Committee comprising experts under this committee.

The Special Committee shall be formed within 15 days of the constitution of the Council of Ministers and it shall commence its work.

The country shall not bear any responsibility for verified combatants who have not been integrated or rehabilitated after six months.

2.2 The Special Committee mentioned in Article 146 of the Interim Constitution shall perform the following tasks, in addition to those agreed upon by the Special Committee on the basis of the Comprehensive Peace Accord, and the Agreement on Monitoring of the Management of Arms and Armies (AMMAA) signed between the Government of Nepal and CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the United Nations:

2.2.1 Collection of information about the conditions of Maoist combatants who have been registered and verified in the cantonments.

2.2.2 Offering the verified combatants of the Maoist Army various rehabilitation packages, including an economic package.

2.2.3 With regard to the verified Maoist combatants who have opted for integration, [their] as per the provision in Point 4.1.3 of AMMAA, signed between the Government of Nepal and CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the United Nations, which mentions that only those duly registered at the temporary cantonments and deemed eligible for possible integration in the security bodies after fulfilling the standard requirements.

2.2.4 Until the integration and rehabilitation is complete, Maoist combatants and the weapons in or outside the cantonments to be under the supervision, control and direction of the Special Committee.

2.2.5 From the beginning of the integration and rehabilitation process of Maoist combatants, the combatants shall not be affiliated to any political organisation and those with both political and military responsibilities to have to opt for either of them.

2.3 A request shall be made [to the United Nations] to continue its current work of monitoring the management of arms and armies as per the Agreement on Monitoring of the Management of Arms and Armies (AMMAA), signed between the Government of Nepal and CPN (Maoist) in the presence of the representative of the United Nations for six more months.

3. Change in the Activities and Functioning of the YCL

The paramilitary style of functioning and activities of the CPN (Maoist)’s Young Communist League (YCL) shall be completely ended, and all public, government and private buildings and lands under its control shall be vacated and returned to the owners concerned within 15 days.

The CPN (Maoist) has assured all political parties that YCL shall conduct itself in accordance with the laws of the land in future.

A monitoring committee comprising representatives of political parties, human rights activists and local administration shall be established on the initiative of the local administration to monitor its implementation.

4. Return of Seized Property

In the context of the conflict referred to in the first point of the agreement between the eight political parties signed on March 30, 2007 that ‘The property, including private and public buildings, land, offices, factories and vehicles, that were under the control of the Maoists during the conflict are returned to the individuals and agencies concerned.

The administration shall take legal action if anyone obstructs and hinders the use of [such] property, including houses, lands, factories and offices by the persons and institutions who own them,’ the CPN (Maoist) shall announce it immediately and shall implement it within 15 days.

A central- level monitoring committee, comprising representatives of political parties, shall be formed to monitor the implementation.

5. Formation of Commissions

Implementing the provisions of the understandings and agreements, including the Comprehensive Peace Accord, the commissions stipulated by Article 154 of the Constitution and yet to be formed, including the National Peace and Rehabilitation Commission, Truth and Reconciliation Commission, High-level Commission on Restructuring of the State, Commission on the Search for the Disappeared, Commission on Scientific Study and Recommendations on Land Reforms, shall be formed within one month on the basis of political consensus.

6. Relief for Conflict Victims

6.1 The persons displaced due to the conflict shall be rehabilitated with respect.

The families of those who lost their lives in the course of the conflict shall be provided with relief while search operations shall be undertaken for the disappeared, and any remaining political prisoners shall be released.

Compensation shall be provided in lieu of the property verified as damaged due to the conflict and relief shall be provided to those whose property, including lands and houses, were seized during the conflict.

Provision shall be made for the treatment of those who were injured during the Jana Andolan or the conflict but are yet to receive appropriate treatment.

6.2 Appropriate compensation shall be provided to the families of those candidates and political activists who lost their lives in the course of the election, and medical treatment shall be provided to the injured.

Relief shall be provided to those who lost their property in the course of the election due to acts of arson or looting.

Investigations shall be conducted into the criminal incidents taking place during the election and the guilty shall be brought to book.

7. Miscellaneous

7.1 The right of the political parties to conduct political activities in any part of the country without any hindrance shall be fully ensured.

No structure of any form parallel to the government shall be allowed to operate.

7.2 The state machinery shall run impartially, with commitment to maintain security of life and property of the people and to maintain peace and order in society.

An environment shall be created for enabling the State to discourage criminal activities that may be carried out by various criminal elements during the transitional period.

7.3 The neutrality of the government media shall be ensured.

The impartial operation of all state organs, including the judiciary, the constitutional bodies, the administration, the Army and the police, shall be ensured.

7.4 The path of consensus and cooperation shall be adopted in order to focus on Constitution-drafting and to promulgate the new Constitution in time.

7.5 The Government of Nepal shall make necessary security arrangements for the leaders of the political parties.

There shall be no security mechanisms other than this provision.

1) Mr Pushpa Kamal Dahal (Prachanda), Chairman, Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) Sd.

2) Mr Ram Chandra Poudel, Vice President, Nepali Congress Sd.

3) Mr Jhala Nath Khanal, General Secretary, Communist Party of Nepal (UML) Sd.

4) Mr Chandra Prakash Mainali, Chairperson, Samyukta Bammorcha Sd.

5) Mr Amik Sherchan, Chairperson, Janamorcha Nepal Sd.

6) Narayan Man Bijukchhe, Chairperson, Nepal Majdoor Kisaan Party Sd.

7) Mr Shyam Sunder Gupta, General Secretary, Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Anandi Devi) Sd.