Agreement between the Wonduruba Community and the SPLA Commando Unit

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Country/entity: South Sudan
Region: Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name: Agreement between the Wonduruba Community and the SPLA Commando Unit
Date: 3 Dec 2015
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/local conflict
Sudan Conflicts (1955 - )
Agreements relate to several distinct dyads, and also the negotiated independence of South Sudan, and subsequent internal conflict in South Sudan. Sudan-South Sudan. The long-standing conflict between the north and the south of the country dates back to colonial times, where the British introduced a so-called ‘Southern Policy’, severely hampering population movements between these big regions. Immediately after gaining independence in 1956, southern movements started to fight for independence; this fight became professionalised in 1983 with the foundation of the soon internationally supported Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA). When the Islamic Front government introduced strict sharia laws in the south after it took over power in 1988 the war intensified. A decade later, the military situation reached a stalemate, enabling internationally facilitated peace negotiations to begin in 1997. After more fighting, a final negotiation push began in 2002, leading to the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Areement (CPA) in January 2005.

Sudan-South Sudan post referendum. South Sudan became independent in July 2011; since then, relations between the two countries are complicated and violent conflict led by the SPLM (North) in the Sudanese Nuba mountains region has since intensified.

Darfur. Other long-standing violent conflicts are in the east and the west of the country. In the east, the Beja Congress, established in 1957, is the spearhead of a currently ‘peaceful’ opposition movement. In the west, the violent conflict in Darfur intensified in the early 2000s and rapidly gained international attention, even resulting in genocide charges against leading figures of the Sudanese government. The situation on the ground is complex, with over a dozen organisations (most notably the Sudanese Liberation Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement) fighting the Sudanese government and allied groups like the Janjaweed – although all parties have switched sides on numerous occasions. Several mediation attempts have not been successful, due to the shaky commitment of the Sudanese central government and the distrust among the armed opposition.

South Sudan - internal
In December 2013, after president Salva Kiir accused opposition leader Riek Machar of attempting a coup, violent conflict broke out between government forces of the SPLM/A and anti-governmental groups. In addition, several other political militias as well as communal militias have joined the conflict. In 2015 the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan (ARCSS) was signed. Due to unsuccessful implementation the agreement was revitalized in 2018. In September 2019, Kiir and Machar agreed to establish a power-sharing government after struggles on forming a unity transitional government.
Stage: Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature: Inter-group
Peace process: South Sudan: Post-secession Local agreements
Parties: Signatories:
Engineer Juma Stephen Lugga
Representative of Wounduruba Community

Colonel Juma Sanango Kher Alla
Representative f SPLA, Commando Unit
Third parties: Bishop Paul Yugusuk,
Lead Mediator, Church Leaders Mediation Initiative

Witnesses:
Hon. Augustino Kiri Gwolo
Commissioner of Lainya County & Representative of the Government of Central Equatoria State,

Major General Johnson Juma Okot,
SPLA Division VI Commander

Rt. Rev. Matthew Taban Peter,
Diocesan Bishop of Wounduruba

Rt. Rev. Bismark Manday Avokaya,
Diocesan Bishop of Mundri
Description: Agreement brokers peace between the SPLA unit stationed in Wonduruba represented by Col. Juma Sanango Kher Alla, and the local community following abuses by the SPLA unit and mass displacement. The agreement seeks to promote forgiveness between the two sides, punishment of soldiers who perpetrated crimes, a re-instatement of local government officials/offices and a return of refugees.

Agreement document: SS_151203_Agreement between Wonduruba Community and SPLA Commando Unit.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Rhetorical
Page 2, ... Resolutions No. 4
That the SPLA and the community leaders shall hence forth build trust between the community and the SPLA and shall put in place all necessary confidence building measures to enable returnees to settle peacefully.

Page 3, ... Resolutions No. 11
That the Church leaders mediation Initiative an the Government of Central Equatoria State will request for the humanitarian assistance from NGO's and well wishes to enable resettle the IDPs from Lainya, Yei, Ganji, Ku'da and other displaced camps.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 3, ... Resolutions No. 11
That the Church leaders mediation Initiative an the Government of Central Equatoria State will request for the humanitarian assistance from NGO's and well wishes to enable resettle the IDPs from Lainya, Yei, Ganji, Ku'da and other displaced camps.
Traditional/religious leaders: Page 2, Preamble,
We the delegates representing Wonduruba community and the SPLA Commando Unit, having deliberated on the conflict in Wonduruba, Mangkaro, Menkele, Katigiri and Tuliang and address all our differences during a peace and Reconciliation dialogue mediated by Church Leaders Mediation Initiative led by Bishop Paul Yugusuk from Tuesday 1st to Wednesday 2nd of December 2015 at Wonduruba do hereby agree on the following resolutions;

Page 4, ... Resolutions No. 13
That the Church Leaders Mediation Initiative is requested to dialogue with opposition in Wonduruba area for possible peace and reconciliation initiative.

Page 4, ... Resolutions No. 14
That the Church Leaders Mediation Initiative monitoring team shall monitor the implementation of the agreement and shall meet and consolidate with parties to the agreement.

Page 4, Bishop Paul Yugusuk,
Lead Mediator, Church Leaders Mediation Initiative

Witnesses:
... Rt. Rev. Matthew Taban Peter,
Diocesan Bishop of Wounduruba

Rt. Rev. Bismark Manday Avokaya,
Diocesan Bishop of Mundri
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media roles
Page 4, Resolutions No. 12
That the agreement shall be disseminated to the community and SPLA Commando Unit through media and civic awareness.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: Page 2, ... Resolutions No. 3
That the SPLA shall adhere to the SPLA act and the consultation in all their activities as shall protect the community without any harassment or intimidation in accordance to the interim constitution of the Republic of South Sudan.

Page 2, ... Resolutions No. 4
That the SPLA and the community leaders shall hence forth build trust between the community and the SPLA and shall put in place all necessary confidence building measures to enable returnees to settle peacefully.

Page 3, ... Resolutions No. 6
That the leadership of SPLA guarantees that the local administration and other organized forces that they will not be intimidated when they return and resume their duties.

Page 3, ... Resolutions No. 7
That the local civil administration and the SPLA and other organized forces shall strengthen their unity and commitment as members of security committee.

Page 3, ... Resolutions No. 8
That the leadership of the SPLA shall take appropriate disciplinary measures on officers and NCO's who will commit crime in the community.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: Page 3, ... Resolutions No. 8
That the leadership of the SPLA shall take appropriate disciplinary measures on officers and NCO's who will commit crime in the community.

Page 3, ... Resolutions No. 10
That the Wonduruba Payam administrative area coordinator shall establish a committee to investigate loss of live, looted shops, houses, hospitals, Government and non-Governmental institutions, etc. as a result of the conflict and consequently submit a report to the Governor of Central Equatoria State for appropriate action.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: Page 2, Resolutions No. 1
That the Wonduruba community and the SPLA Commando Unit have forgiven themselves on the conflict in Wonduruba, Mangkaro, Mengele, Katigiri and Tuliang.

Page 2, ... Resolutions No. 2
That the community of Wonduruba and SPLA Commando Unit will live in harmony respecting one another as citizen with different responsibilities in accordance to the interim constitution of the Republic of South Sudan.

Page 4, ... Resolutions No. 13
That the Church Leaders Mediation Initiative is requested to dialogue with opposition in Wonduruba area for possible peace and reconciliation initiative.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: Page 4, ... Resolutions No. 14
That the Church Leaders Mediation Initiative monitoring team shall monitor the implementation of the agreement and shall meet and consolidate with parties to the agreement.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Source: John Ashworth, Sudans Google Group,
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/sudans-john-ashworth/EvAjKoHbx_o
(accessed: 9 June 2016)

Agreement between Wounduruba Community and SPLA, Commando Unit on the resolution of Wonduruba Conflict

Preamble,

We the delegates representing Wonduruba community and the SPLA Commando Unit, having deliberated on the conflict in Wonduruba, Mangkaro, Menkele, Katigiri and Tuliang and address all our differences during a peace and Reconciliation dialogue mediated by Church Leaders Mediation Initiative led by Bishop Paul Yugusuk from Tuesday 1st to Wednesday 2nd of December 2015 at Wonduruba do hereby agree on the following resolutions;

Resolutions No.

That the Wonduruba community and the SPLA Commando Unit have forgiven themselves on the conflict in Wonduruba, Mangkaro, Mengele, Katigiri and Tuliang.

Resolutions No.

That the community of Wonduruba and SPLA Commando Unit will live in harmony respecting one another as citizen with different responsibilities in accordance to the interim constitution of the Republic of South Sudan.

Resolutions No.

That the SPLA shall adhere to the SPLA act and the consultation in all their activities as shall protect the community without any harassment or intimidation in accordance to the interim constitution of the Republic of South Sudan.

Resolutions No.

That the SPLA and the community leaders shall hence forth build trust between the community and the SPLA and shall put in place all necessary confidence building measures to enable returnees to settle peacefully.

Resolutions No.

That the Central Equatoria State Government shall immediately send local Government administration and organized forces to Wonduruba to resume their duties.

Resolutions No.

That the leadership of SPLA guarantees that the local administration and other organized forces that they will not be intimidated when they return and resume their duties.

Resolutions No.

That the local civil administration and the SPLA and other organized forces shall strengthen their unity and commitment as members of security committee.

Resolutions No.

That the leadership of the SPLA shall take appropriate disciplinary measures on officers and NCO's who will commit crime in the community.

Resolutions No.

That any community member commit any crime shall be deal with in accordance with laws of the Republic of South Sudan.

Resolutions No.

That the Wonduruba Payam administrative area coordinator shall establish a committee to investigate loss of live, looted shops, houses, hospitals, Government and non-Governmental institutions, etc.

as a result of the conflict and consequently submit a report to the Governor of Central Equatoria State for appropriate action.

Resolutions No.

That the Church leaders mediation Initiative an the Government of Central Equatoria State will request for the humanitarian assistance from NGO's and well wishes to enable resettle the IDPs from Lainya, Yei, Ganji, Ku'da and other displaced camps.

Resolutions No.

That the agreement shall be disseminated to the community and SPLA Commando Unit through media and civic awareness.

Resolutions No.

That the Church Leaders Mediation Initiative is requested to dialogue with opposition in Wonduruba area for possible peace and reconciliation initiative.

Resolutions No.

That the Church Leaders Mediation Initiative monitoring team shall monitor the implementation of the agreement and shall meet and consolidate with parties to the agreement.

Resolutions No.

That we commit ourselves to adhere to the agreement and shall not violate it whatsoever.

Signatories:

Engineer Juma Stephen Lugga

Representative of Wounduruba Community

Colonel Juma Sanango Kher Alla

Representative f SPLA, Commando Unit

Bishop Paul Yugusuk,

Lead Mediator, Church Leaders Mediation Initiative

Witnesses:

Hon. Augustino Kiri Gwolo

Commissioner of Lainya County & Representative of the Government of Central Equatoria State,

Major General Johnson Juma Okot,

SPLA Division VI Commander

Rt. Rev. Matthew Taban Peter,

Diocesan Bishop of Wounduruba

Rt. Rev. Bismark Manday Avokaya,

Diocesan Bishop of Mundri