Acuerdo por Colombia entre el Gobierno Colombiano y el Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN): Reiniciar el Diálogo con uns Agenda de Transición

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Acuerdo por Colombia entre el Gobierno Colombiano y el Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN): Reiniciar el Diálogo con uns Agenda de Transición
Date: 24 Nov 2001
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia III - Arango
Parties: National Govt, National Liberation Army (ELN)
Third parties: -
Description: Agreement to restart peace negotiations; agreed series of forums, meetings and working groups to discuss agreed range of issues; agreed to better integrate regional peace initiatives Source: Diálogo, negociación y ruptura con las FARC-EP y con el ELN, Biblioteca de la Paz – 1998-2000, Fundación Cultura Democrática, Ed. Álvaro Villarraga Sarmiento, Bogotá D.C., 2009 (book V) p. 333

Agreement document: CO_011124_Accord for Colombia Between the Colombian Government and the ELN -tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 1, Article 2,
Initiate the convening of meetings between the parties and the different sectors of society.

Page 1, Article 4,
Organize thematic forums abroad in order to generate initiatives and proposals on specific issues of national interest, such as International Humanitarian Law, energy resources, and other issues that will be decided upon between the parties. The conclusions derived from these forums will provide ideas and proposals for the organization of the National Convention by the next government. We will establish a timetable for work in the next meeting.

Page 1, Article 5,
Pursue the convention of a Summit for Peace with the participation of diverse sectors of society and the international community in order to evaluate the achievements, successes, and obstacles faced by the previous dialogue process between the government and the ELN.

Pages 1-2, Article 7,
Establish a mechanism so that the regional initiatives for peace can be examined by the spokespersons of the parties, who will be responsible for managing and articulating them within the peace policy of the national government and the Central Command of the ELN.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: Page 1, Article 4,
Organize thematic forums abroad in order to generate initiatives and proposals on specific issues of national interest, such as International Humanitarian Law, energy resources, and other issues that will be decided upon between the parties. The conclusions derived from these forums will provide ideas and proposals for the organization of the National Convention by the next government. We will establish a timetable for work in the next meeting.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
Page 1, Article 6,
Organize working groups between spokespersons of the parties in which the following issues will be addressed:
...
iii. Problems of the energy sector
...
The first working group will take place on 12 December in Havana.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: Page 1, Article 6,
Organize working groups between spokespersons of the parties in which the following issues will be addressed:
...
ii. Conflict reduction measures
...
The first working group will take place on 12 December in Havana.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1, Article 6,
Organize working groups between spokespersons of the parties in which the following issues will be addressed:
i. Ceasefire and an end to hostilities
...
The first working group will take place on 12 December in Havana.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Source: Diálogo, negociación y ruptura con las FARC-EP y con el ELN, Biblioteca de la Paz – 1998-2000, Fundación Cultura Democrática, Ed. Álvaro Villarraga Sarmiento, Bogotá D.C., 2009 (book V) p. 333

ACCORD FOR COLOMBIA BETWEEN THE COLOMBIAN GOVERNMENT AND THE ELN

24 November 2001

The national government and the National Liberation Army (ELN) meeting in Havana, Cuba, in the presence of the International Group of Friends, in light of the will to find a political solution to the conflict that ravages the country have agreed to:

1. Formally restart the dialogue process by means of a transitional agenda lasting until the end of the present government.

2. Initiate the convening of meetings between the parties and the different sectors of society.

3. Organize meetings between the parties and the presidential candidates with the objective of strengthening peace as a policy of the State and to guarantee the continuity of the implementation of the transitional agenda.

4. Organize thematic forums abroad in order to generate initiatives and proposals on specific issues of national interest, such as International Humanitarian Law, energy resources, and other issues that will be decided upon between the parties.

The conclusions derived from these forums will provide ideas and proposals for the organization of the National Convention by the next government.

We will establish a timetable for work in the next meeting.

5. Pursue the convention of a Summit for Peace with the participation of diverse sectors of society and the international community in order to evaluate the achievements, successes, and obstacles faced by the previous dialogue process between the government and the ELN.

6. Organize working groups between spokespersons of the parties in which the following issues will be addressed:

i. Ceasefire and an end to hostilities

ii. Conflict reduction measures

iii. Problems of the energy sector

iv. Analysis of the conclusions arrived at in the forums

The first working group will take place on 12 December in Havana.

7. Establish a mechanism so that the regional initiatives for peace can be examined by the spokespersons of the parties, who will be responsible for managing and articulating them within the peace policy of the national government and the Central Command of the ELN.

We thank the brotherly State and Government of the Republic of Cuba for having offered us the guarantees, hospitality and facilities for our meeting.

Similarly we thank the International Group of Friends and the Civil Facilitation Commission for their efforts in furthering this process.

Havana, 24 November 2001

On behalf of the government:

CAMILO GOMEZ ALZATE JULIO LONDONO PAREDES

On behalf of the ELN:

RAMIRO VARGAS OSCAR SANTOS MILTON HERNADEZ