Acuerdo de Crave Norte: Gobierno Nactional - CGSB

Export agreement:

Export agreement coding (PDF)

Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Acuerdo de Crave Norte: Gobierno Nactional - CGSB
Date: 17 May 1991
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia I - Gaviria
Parties: On behalf of the national government:
Andrés González Díaz Deputy Minister of the Interior
Carlos Eduardo Jaramillo Peace Council
On behalf of the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinator:
Lucía González Daniel Aldana Mutis Miguel Suárez Piragua
Third parties: -
Description: This agreement defines the participants to the future negotiations between the Government and the FARC, and the safe transfer procedure in return for participation. The parties to the agreement agree to open channels of direct communication.

Agreement document: CO_910517_Acuerdo de Cravo Norte - tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_910517_Acuerdo de Cravo Norte.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Other
Page 1, FIVE,
The parties agree to open a direct communication channel between them from 20 May to expedite the agreements required for holding talks outside the country.
Mobility/access: Page 1, FOUR,
The Colombian government ratifies its commitment to returning the members of the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinator Commission to the country in the same conditions as they left, without this commitment being subject to the result of the talks.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 1, THREE,
Having obtained authorisation from the Venezuelan government to hold talks in Caracas, the Colombian government undertakes to guarantee all measures related to the security and transfer of the commissioners of the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinator to the venue chosen for the talks.

Page 1, FOUR,
The Colombian government ratifies its commitment to returning the members of the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinator Commission to the country in the same conditions as they left, without this commitment being subject to the result of the talks.

Page 1-2, SIX,
The representatives of the national government and the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinator acknowledge the valuable help provided by the government of the sister republic of Venezuela in this phase of the process. They also express their gratitude to the Arauca people, the administrative authorities and the municipal authorities of Cravo del Norte for the support that has allowed talks to take place in the best conditions.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Source: Acuerdos con el EPL, MAQL y CRS, Diálogos con la CGSB, Biblioteca de la Paz – 1990-1994, Fundación Cultura Democrática, Ed. Álvaro Villarraga Sarmiento, Bogotá D.C., 2009 (book III) p. 248

CRAVO NORTE AGREEMENT

The representatives of the national government and the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinator, present at Colegio José Antonio Galán in Cravo Norte, Arauca, after three days of negotiations in the presence of the commissions designated by the National Constitutional Assembly and the House of Representatives and other observers

Agree:

ONE. To hold direct talks, initially in Caracas, with representatives from the highest decision-making level to reach a negotiated solution to the armed political conflict from 1 June this year.

It is understood that, following the conversations in Caracas, and once there are circumstances and conditions to allow the transfer of negotiations, talks will continue in a city in Colombia to be defined by the parties within the agenda established or agreed by the high commissioners.

TWO. The Colombian government will make the corresponding arrangements with the sister government of the Republic of Venezuela to request authorisation to use Caracas as the venue for the talks.

THREE.

Having obtained authorisation from the Venezuelan government to hold talks in Caracas, the Colombian government undertakes to guarantee all measures related to the security and transfer of the commissioners of the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinator to the venue chosen for the talks.

FOUR.

The Colombian government ratifies its commitment to returning the members of the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinator Commission to the country in the same conditions as they left, without this commitment being subject to the result of the talks.

FIVE.

The parties agree to open a direct communication channel between them from 20 May to expedite the agreements required for holding talks outside the country.

SIX. The representatives of the national government and the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinator acknowledge the valuable help provided by the government of the sister republic of Venezuela in this phase of the process.

They also express their gratitude to the Arauca people, the administrative authorities and the municipal authorities of Cravo del Norte for the support that has allowed talks to take place in the best conditions.

On behalf of the national government:

Andrés González Díaz

Deputy Minister of the Interior

Carlos Eduardo Jaramillo

Peace Council

On behalf of the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinator:

Lucía González

Daniel Aldana Mutis

Miguel Suárez Piragua