Acuerdo de Cronograma de Consenso para el Futuro del Proceso de Paz

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Acuerdo de Cronograma de Consenso para el Futuro del Proceso de Paz
Date: 20 Jan 2002
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia III - Arango
Parties: The National Government and the FARC-EP
Third parties: in the presence of the International Facilitation Commission, the United Nations and the Catholic Church,
Description: This agreement defines a detailed timetable for negotiations and subsequent implementation of the outcome for negotiations. It recognises the United Nations in facilitating the agreement. Source: Diálogo, negociación y ruptura con las FARC-EP y con el ELN, Biblioteca de la Paz – 1998-2000, Fundación Cultura Democrática, Ed. Álvaro Villarraga Sarmiento, Bogotá D.C., 2009 (book V) p. 268

Agreement document: CO_020120_Acuerdo De Cronograma - tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_020120_Acuerdo Cronograma.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 3, Article 8,
In line with the Agreement of San Francisco, the parties will produce monthly reports, which will be communicated to the public, indicating the main aspects of progress in the dialogue and negotiations.

Page 3, Article 9,
Restart the public audiences and roundtables for the issues agreed at the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation.
Traditional/religious leaders: Page 1, Untitled Preamble,
Present on 19–20 January 2002 in Los Pozos, in the municipality of San Vicente del Caguán, in the presence of the International Facilitation Commission, the United Nations and the Catholic Church, the national government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército Popular, FARC–EP) have reached the following agreement.

Pages 5-6, Article 11,
We express our gratitude to the role played by the facilitating countries and the United Nations Special Adviser. The parties will define the channels for more active international participation in support by 6 February 2002. We also express our gratitude to the support provided to the Roundtable by Nuncio Apostólico Benniamino Stella and the Catholic Church of Colombia, headed by Monsignor Alberto Giraldo, President of the Colombian Episcopal Conference, and Monsignor Francisco Múnera, Bishop of San Vicente del Caguán.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media roles
Page 3, Article 8,
In line with the Agreement of San Francisco, the parties will produce monthly reports, which will be communicated to the public, indicating the main aspects of progress in the dialogue and negotiations.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: Rights related issues→Protection measures→Other
Page 2, Recitals
10. Point 10 of the Agreement of Los Pozos states: “FARC–EP does not oppose projects for
the manual eradication and substitution of illicit crops but reiterates that such a process
must have the agreement of the communities. The national government and FARC agree
on the strategic importance of working on the protection and recovery of the
environment”.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 2, Article 1,
The National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation will immediately focus on studying the truce with ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, in line with the Document of Recommendations of the Commission of Eminent Persons.

Page 2, Article 2,
Immediately incorporate the issue of kidnapping as an inseparable part of the proposal put forward by the Commission of Eminent Persons to the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation in the context of the discussion of the truce with ceasefire and cessation of hostilities.

Pages 2-3, Article 3,
Immediately incorporate the issue of the phenomenon of paramilitarism as an inseparable part of the proposal put forward by the Commission of Eminent Persons to the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation in the context of the discussion of the truce with ceasefire and cessation of hostilities.

Page 3, Article 4,
In the discussion of the issue of truce with ceasefire and the cessation of hostilities, the parties will be entitled to put forward proposals to reduce the conflict.

Page 3, Article 5,
The following documents will serve as inputs to the roundtable for the continuation of talks: the proposals exchanged regarding the ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, the Document of Recommendations of the Commission of Eminent Persons produced for roundtable to be jointly studied by the parties, the proposal submitted by FARC–EP on subsidies for the unemployed while final agreements are reached on unemployment.

Pages 3-5, Article 10,
To achieve the objectives in this agreement, the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation has set the goal of signing specific agreements regarding the truce with ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, starting from the reduction in the conflict, with a deadline of 7 April 2002. In doing so, it will respect the timeline set out below:
The National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation will hold regular sessions from Wednesday to Friday, although these days may be modified subject to agreement by both parties.
[Summary: A detailed table is included at this point, outlining the meeting sessions.]
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Pages 2-3, Article 3,
Immediately incorporate the issue of the phenomenon of paramilitarism as an inseparable part of the proposal put forward by the Commission of Eminent Persons to the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation in the context of the discussion of the truce with ceasefire and cessation of hostilities.

Page 6, Article 12,
As mentioned in the Agreement of San Francisco, FARC–EP undertakes to immediately ratify the instructions for all members to abstain from sudden roadblocks (pescas milagrosas).
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: Page 3, Article 7,
The parties will form an international support commission by mutual agreement to act as a verifying body for the agreements and to overcome any obstacles that may arise, as set out in the Agreement of Caquetania.
Enforcement mechanism: Page 3, Article 7,
The parties will form an international support commission by mutual agreement to act as a verifying body for the agreements and to overcome any obstacles that may arise, as set out in the Agreement of Caquetania.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: UN Peacemaker. Available at: https://peacemaker.un.org/colombia-cronogramaprocesopaz2002 (Accessed 6 October 2020).

AGREEMENT ON THE CONSENSUS TIMELINE FOR THE FUTURE OF THE PEACE PROCESS

20 January 2002

Present on 19–20 January 2002 in Los Pozos, in the municipality of San Vicente del Caguán, in the presence of the International Facilitation Commission, the United Nations and the Catholic Church, the national government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército Popular, FARC–EP) have reached the following agreement.

RECITALS

The parties reiterate that the negotiated political outcome is the way to resolve the armed conflict in Colombia.

As such, they will make every effort to continue working in an atmosphere of mutual trust in order to reach agreements that make progress in the development of the process possible.

The Shared Agenda for the Transition toward a New Colombia is the cornerstone the dialogue and negotiation process between the national government and FARC.

In the Agreement of San Francisco, the parties agreed that the peace process requires a favourable atmosphere without armed confrontation.

It is essential to reach agreements that reduce the conflict.

The parties have acknowledged that this agreement and the Document of Recommendations of the Commission of Eminent Persons set out an adequate path for the immediate development and strengthening of the peace process.

In the Agreement of San Francisco, the national government and FARC–EP agreed to immediately focus on the comprehensive study of the document of recommendations presented by the Commission of Eminent Persons.

The parties believe it is necessary to develop this agreement in terms of political support, inviting presidential candidates, political movements and parties to the National Peace Council, in addition to the various sectors of national life, subject to the agreement of the parties, in order to make their contributions to the process that is underway.

The parties agreed to immediately and fully focus on implementation of the document put forward by the Commission of Eminent Persons on 17 September.

We also confirm the validity of the following documents that have been previously signed by the parties:

the Agreement of Caquetania, signed on 2 May 1999;

the Agreement of Los Pozos, signed on 9 February 2001;

and the Agreement of San Francisco de la Sombra, signed on 5 October 2001.

Point 10 of the Agreement of Los Pozos states:

“FARC–EP does not oppose projects for the manual eradication and substitution of illicit crops but reiterates that such a process must have the agreement of the communities.

The national government and FARC agree on the strategic importance of working on the protection and recovery of the environment”.

AGREEMENT

The National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation will immediately focus on studying the truce with ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, in line with the Document of Recommendations of the Commission of Eminent Persons.

Immediately incorporate the issue of kidnapping as an inseparable part of the proposal put forward by the Commission of Eminent Persons to the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation in the context of the discussion of the truce with ceasefire and cessation of hostilities.

Immediately incorporate the issue of the phenomenon of paramilitarism as an inseparable part of the proposal put forward by the Commission of Eminent Persons to the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation in the context of the discussion of the truce with ceasefire and cessation of hostilities.

In the discussion of the issue of truce with ceasefire and the cessation of hostilities, the parties will be entitled to put forward proposals to reduce the conflict.

The following documents will serve as inputs to the roundtable for the continuation of talks:

the proposals exchanged regarding the ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, the Document of Recommendations of the Commission of Eminent Persons produced for roundtable to be jointly studied by the parties, the proposal submitted by FARC–EP on subsidies for the unemployed while final agreements are reached on unemployment.

Invite the presidential candidates, political movements and parties, and the National Peace Council to contribute to the process that is underway and exchange ideas on the political situation in the country per the Agreement of San Francisco.

The parties will form an international support commission by mutual agreement to act as a verifying body for the agreements and to overcome any obstacles that may arise, as set out in the Agreement of Caquetania.

In line with the Agreement of San Francisco, the parties will produce monthly reports, which will be communicated to the public, indicating the main aspects of progress in the dialogue and negotiations.

Restart the public audiences and roundtables for the issues agreed at the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation.

To achieve the objectives in this agreement, the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation has set the goal of signing specific agreements regarding the truce with ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, starting from the reduction in the conflict, with a deadline of 7 April 2002.

In doing so, it will respect the timeline set out below:

The National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation will hold regular sessions from Wednesday to Friday, although these days may be modified subject to agreement by both parties.

Discussion of the document of recommendations put forward by the Commission of Eminent Persons:

23 January – 8 February 2002

Presentation of the first drafts on reducing the conflict:

2 February 2002

Definition of more active participation of international support

6 February 2002

Invitations to the roundtable:

13 February – presidents of political parties and movements

14 February – presidential candidates

15 February – National Peace Council

Study of the drafts put forward by each of the parties on the truce with ceasefire and cessation of hostilities

From 20 February 2002

Target set for the roundtable to sign the first agreements on the truce with ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, starting from the reduction in the conflict:

Deadline:

7 April 2002

Agreement on the timeline for other issues:

10 April 2002

Presentation of reports by the roundtable to the public on the last Friday of each month from February 2002.

SUNDAY

MONDAY

TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

THURSDAY

FRIDAY

SATURDAY

21 Jan

Separate work by the negotiation teams

22 Jan

Separate work by the negotiation teams

23 Jan

Definition of methodologies for the talks

24 Jan

Start of talks on the elements of the Document of Recommendations of the Commission of Eminent Persons

25 Jan

Start of talks on the elements of the Document of Recommendations of the Commission of Eminent Persons

28 Jan

Separate work by the negotiation teams

29 Jan

Separate work by the negotiation teams

30 Jan

Roundtable session on the issues agreed here

31 Jan

Roundtable session on the issues agreed here

1 Feb

Roundtable session on the issues agreed here

2 Feb

Presentation of first drafts on reducing the conflict, in addition to the issue of employment

4 Feb

Separate work by the negotiation teams

5 Feb

Separate work by the negotiation teams

6 Feb

Agreement on international support

7 Feb

Roundtable session on the issues agreed here

8 Feb

Roundtable session on the issues agreed here

11 Feb

Separate work by the negotiation teams

12 Feb

Separate work by the negotiation teams

13 Feb

Invitation to presidents of political movements and parties

14 Feb

Invitation to presidential candidates

15 Feb

Invitation to National Peace Council

18 Feb

Separate work by the negotiation teams

19 Feb

Separate work by the negotiation teams

20 Feb

Roundtable session on issues agreed here

21 Feb

Roundtable session on issues agreed here

22 Feb

Roundtable session on issues agreed here

25 Feb

Separate work by the negotiation teams

26 Feb

Separate work by the negotiation teams

27 Feb

Roundtable session on issues agreed here

28 Feb

Roundtable session on issues agreed here

1 Mar

Roundtable session on issues agreed here

4 Mar

Separate work by the negotiation teams

5 Mar

Separate work by the negotiation teams

6 Mar

Study of drafts submitted by each of the parties on the truce, starting from the reduction in the conflict

7 Mar

Study of drafts submitted by each of the parties on the truce, starting from the reduction in the conflict

8 Mar

Study of drafts submitted by each of the parties on the truce, starting from the reduction in the conflict

11 Mar

Separate work by the negotiation teams

12 Mar

Separate work by the negotiation teams

13 Mar

Study of drafts submitted by each of the parties on the truce, starting from the reduction in the conflict

14 Mar

Study of drafts submitted by each of the parties on the truce, starting from the reduction in the conflict

15 Mar

Study of drafts submitted by each of the parties on the truce, starting from the reduction in the conflict

18 Mar

Separate work by the negotiation teams

19 Mar

Separate work by the negotiation teams

20 Mar

Study of drafts submitted by each of the parties on the truce, starting from the reduction in the conflict

21 Mar

Study of drafts submitted by each of the parties on the truce, starting from the reduction in the conflict

22 Mar

Study of drafts submitted by each of the parties on the truce, starting from the reduction in the conflict

25 Mar

Preparation of final documents on the truce, starting from the reduction of conflict

26 Mar

Preparation of final documents on the truce, starting from the reduction of conflict

27 Mar

28 Mar

29 Mar

1 Apr

Inform the public

2 Apr

Separate work by the negotiation teams

3 Apr

Separate work by the negotiation teams

4 Apr

Separate work by the negotiation teams

5 Apr

Separate work by the negotiation teams

6 Apr

7 Apr

Target set by the roundtable for signing the first agreements on the truce, starting from the reduction in the conflict

8 Apr

Separate work by the negotiation teams

9 Apr

Separate work by the negotiation teams

10 Apr

Agreement on timeline for other issues

We express our gratitude to the role played by the facilitating countries and the United Nations Special Adviser.

The parties will define the channels for more active international participation in support by 6 February 2002.

We also express our gratitude to the support provided to the Roundtable by Nuncio Apostólico Benniamino Stella and the Catholic Church of Colombia, headed by Monsignor Alberto Giraldo, President of the Colombian Episcopal Conference, and Monsignor Francisco Múnera, Bishop of San Vicente del Caguán.

As mentioned in the Agreement of San Francisco, FARC–EP undertakes to immediately ratify the instructions for all members to abstain from sudden roadblocks (pescas milagrosas).