Joint Communique #65

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Joint Communique #65
Date: 19 Jan 2016
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Implementation/renegotiation
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia V - Santos
Parties: The national government, the FARC-EP
Third parties: -
Description: The negotiating parties reiterate their commitment to the implementation of all the agreements being part of the Final Agreement to terminate the conflict. Furthermore, the communique lines out the plan to establish a triple mechanism for the verification and monitoring of the agreement.

Agreement document: CO_20160119_joint-communique-65.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: Page 1,
... Likewise, we request the Mission to begin all necessary preparations for its deployment, in close coordination and collaboration with the Government of Colombia and the FARC – EP. The international observers shall have full security assurances. ...
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: [Summary]
For specific details on the establishment of an international mission please see 'enforcement mechanism'.
Enforcement mechanism: Page 1,
...
Likewise, we reiterate our commitment to the implementation of all the agreements contained in the Final Agreement, and to set in motion effective monitoring and verification mechanisms, with international accompaniment, to ensure the full compliance of the acquired commitments.

We have decided to create a tripartite mechanism for the verification and monitoring of the agreement regarding the bilateral and final ceasefire and the end of the hostilities, and the laying down of arms, to create trust and provide guarantees for their fulfillment, comprised by the Government of Colombia, the FARC – EP, and an international component, who will preside and coordinate the mechanism in all instances, settle controversies, make recommendations and submit reports, and which will start the performance of its tasks once that agreement has been reached. In regard to the laying down of arms, the same international component will be in charge of its verification, pursuant to the terms and with the proper guarantees to be established in the protocols of the agreement.

We have agreed that said international component will be a political mission of the United Nations comprised by observers from member countries of the CELAC (Community of Latin American and Caribbean States).

With that purpose, we have decided to ask the UN Security Council to create, as of now, such political mission with unarmed observers for a period of 12 months, extendable upon request of the National Government and the FARC – EP; likewise, we will ask the member countries of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, CELAC, for their availability to contribute to that mission, to be formed by the United Nations.

Likewise, we request the Mission to begin all necessary preparations for its deployment, in close coordination and collaboration with the Government of Colombia and the FARC – EP. The international observers shall have full security assurances.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: https://www.mesadeconversaciones.com.co/documentos-y-comunicados

Joint Communiqué # 65

Havana, January 19, 2016

The Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, People’s Army, FARC – EP:

Reiterate their commitment to the negotiations aimed at achieving a Final Agreement for the Termination of the Conflict and the Construction of a Stable and Long‐lasting Peace (Final Agreement), including an agreement regarding the bilateral and final ceasefire and the end of the hostilities, and the laying down of arms.

Likewise, we reiterate our commitment to the implementation of all the agreements contained in the Final Agreement, and to set in motion effective monitoring and verification mechanisms, with international accompaniment, to ensure the full compliance of the acquired commitments.

We have decided to create a tripartite mechanism for the verification and monitoring of the agreement regarding the bilateral and final ceasefire and the end of the hostilities, and the laying down of arms, to create trust and provide guarantees for their fulfillment, comprised by the Government of Colombia, the FARC – EP, and an international component, who will preside and coordinate the mechanism in all instances, settle controversies, make recommendations and submit reports, and which will start the performance of its tasks once that agreement has been reached.

In regard to the laying down of arms, the same international component will be in charge of its verification, pursuant to the terms and with the proper guarantees to be established in the protocols of the agreement.

We have agreed that said international component will be a political mission of the United Nations comprised by observers from member countries of the CELAC (Community of Latin American and Caribbean States).

With that purpose, we have decided to ask the UN Security Council to create, as of now, such political mission with unarmed observers for a period of 12 months, extendable upon request of the National Government and the FARC – EP;

likewise, we will ask the member countries of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, CELAC, for their availability to contribute to that mission, to be formed by the United Nations.

Likewise, we request the Mission to begin all necessary preparations for its deployment, in close coordination and collaboration with the Government of Colombia and the FARC – EP.

The international observers shall have full security assurances.

We thank the United Nations and the CELAC for their willingness to support Colombia in the search for peace.