Text of the agreement signed at London on 17 July 1992 by Mr. Boban, Dr. Karadzic and Dr. Silajdzic

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Country/entity: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Yugoslavia (former)
Region: Europe and Eurasia
Agreement name: Text of the agreement signed at London on 17 July 1992 by Mr. Boban, Dr. Karadzic and Dr. Silajdzic
Date: 17 Jul 1992
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Balkan Conflicts (1991 - 1995) (1998 - 2001)
Former Yugoslavia

The disintegration of former Yugoslavia post cold war saw conflicts which became mediated and produced peace agreements in Slovenia (where the brief independence conflict was mediated by the EC Troika in 1991), Croatia (between Croatian and Serb populations 1991-1995), in Bosnia (between Croatian, Serb and Bosniak populations 1992-1995), in Macedonia (where mediation played a key pre-emptive role in preventing large scale conflict in 2001), in Kosovo (between Kosovar Albanians and Serbian population and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY), but also between FRY and NATO, 1998-1999), and a conflict in the Presevo Valley (between Albanians in South Serbia and FRY, 2000-2001). The continued fall-out of the disintegration of former Yugoslavia also saw mediated agreement and ultimate dissolution of the Union between Serbia and Montenegro.

Bosnia-Herzegovina

In 1991, after nationalist parties won the first multi-party elections in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, a violent process of disintegration commenced. With its mixed population, Bosnia-Herzegovina became the centre of the following civil war that began in 1992 between the newly formed army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (mostly Muslim Bosniacs), and the parastatal forces of self-declared Bosnian Croat (Herzeg-Bosnia) and Bosnian Serb (Republika Srpska) entities within Bosnia-Herzegovina, supported by Croatia and Serbia, with various, often short-lived, coalitions. The General Framework Agreement (Dayton Peace Agreement), signed in 1995, split the country into two ethno-federal entities, the Bosniak-Croat Federation and the Republika Srpska, and included continued peacekeeping and institutional administration by international actors.

Kosovo

The conflict between Serbs and Kosovar Albanians has a long history and always involved territorial disputes as well as ethno-political, cultural and linguistic factors. The most recent phase of the conflict began in November 1997 when the Albanian Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA or UCK) began their campaign for the independence of Kosovo from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY – then Serbia and Montenegro). The subsequent war lasted until the NATO intervention, which undertook bombing campaigns of Belgrade and other places in Serbia during spring 1999. The main agreements solving the conflict were internationally driven and, finally, a UNSC resolution imposed a post-conflict arrangement in the wake of what was essentially a NATO military victory. In February 2008, Kosovo’s parliament declared independence, but independence is still internationally disputed.
Stage: Ceasefire/related
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Bosnia peace process
Parties: Mr. Boban; Dr. Karadzic; Dr. Silajdzic
Third parties: -
Description: This short agreement provides for a 14 day ceasefire across the whole territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It also requests international supervision of heavy weapons, and commits to facilitating refugee return and civilian freedom of movement.

Agreement document: BA_920717_London Agreement.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Rhetorical
Page 1, paragraph 3
We agree that all refugees will be permitted to return to the places from which they have been expelled and that civilians who are caught up in or trapped by the military situation, will be given freedom of movement.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: Governance→Constitution→Constitutional reform/making
Page 1, paragraph 4
We welcome the decision of Lord Carrington that the talks on future constitutional arrangements for Bosnia and Herzegovina will resume in London on 27 July 1992. This agreement does not prejudice the final outcome of the talks.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: Page 1, paragraph 3
We agree that all refugees will be permitted to return to the places from which they have been expelled and that civilians who are caught up in or trapped by the military situation, will be given freedom of movement.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1, paragraph 1
We hereby agree to a cease-fire, effective from 1800 on Sunday, 19 July 1992, throughout the entire territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The cease-fire will continue for a period of 14 days. During this time, all parties undertake to explore measures for strengthening the cease-fire in the longer term. In addition, all parties agree to observe a strict commitment not to initiate fire of any sort, even in response to provocation.

Page 1, paragraph 2
We also agree to declare and place under international supervision all heavy weapons (combat aircraft, armour, artillery, mortars, rocket-launchers, etc.). We ask the Security Council of the United Nations to make arrangements for this supervision. This request is fully endorsed by the Chairman of the EC Peace Conference.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: Page 1, paragraph 2
We also agree to declare and place under international supervision all heavy weapons (combat aircraft, armour, artillery, mortars, rocket-launchers, etc.). We ask the Security Council of the United Nations to make arrangements for this supervision. This request is fully endorsed by the Chairman of the EC Peace Conference.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Letter dated 92/07/17 from the Permanent Representatives of Belgium, France and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council, (S/24305), Annex
http://repository.un.org/
http://repository.un.org/bitstream/handle/11176/54094/S_24305-EN.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y

Text of the agreement signed at London on 17 July 1992 by Mr. Boban, Dr, Kadradzic and Dr. Silajdzic

We hereby agree to a cease-fire, effective from 1800 on Sunday, 19 Jul y 1992, throughout the entire territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The

cease-fire will continue for a period of 14 days.

During this time, all parties undertake to explore measures for strengthening the cease-fire in the

longer term .

In addition, all parties agree to observe a strict commitment not to initiate fire of any sort, even in response to provocation.

We also agree to declare and place under international supervision all heavy weapons (combat aircraft, armour, artillery, mortars, rocket-launchers,

etc.).

We ask the Security Council of the United Nations to make arrangements for this supervision.

This request is fully endorsed by the Chairman of the EC Peace Conference.

We agree that all refugees will be permitted to return to the places from which they have been expelled and that civilians who are caught up in or

trapped by the military situation, will be given freedom of movement.

We welcome the decision of Lord Carrington that the talks on future constitutional arrangements for Bosnia and Herzegovina will resume in London

on 27 July 1992.

This agreement does not prejudice the final outcome of the talks.