Programme of Implementation of the Peace Agreement Between the Governments of the Republic of Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the Withdrawal of the Rwandan Troops from the Territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Dismantling of the Ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) (and Implementation Agreement)
- Country/entity
-
Democratic Republic of Congo
Rwanda - Region
-
Africa (excl MENA)
- Agreement name
- Programme of Implementation of the Peace Agreement Between the Governments of the Republic of Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the Withdrawal of the Rwandan Troops from the Territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Dismantling of the Ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) (and Implementation Agreement)
- Date
- 30 Jul 2002
- Agreement status
- Multiparty signed/agreed
- Interim arrangement
- Yes
- Agreement/conflict level
- Interstate/intrastate conflict(s)
- Stage
- Implementation/renegotiation
- Conflict nature
- Government
- Peace process
- DRC: Second Congo war process
- Parties
-
(Signed) Joseph Kabila, President For the Government of the Democratic Republic of Congo
(Signed) Paul Kagame, President President For the Government of the Republic of Rwanda - Third parties
-
(Signed) Thabo M. Mbeki, President of the Republic of South Africa
(Signed) Kofi Annan, Secretary-General of the United Nations - Description
- This agreement sets out a detailed programme and calendar of events to implement the Peace Agreement between the Governments of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda on the Withdrawal of the Rwandan Troops from the Territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- Agreement document
- CD_RW_ZA_020730_PeaceAgreementRwandaDRC.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Groups
- Children/youth
No specific mention.
- Disabled persons
No specific mention.
- Elderly/age
No specific mention.
- Migrant workers
No specific mention.
- Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
- Religious groups
No specific mention.
- Indigenous people
No specific mention.
- Other groups
No specific mention.
- Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
- Social class
No specific mention.
Gender
- Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
- Men and boys
No specific mention.
- LGBTI
No specific mention.
- Family
No specific mention.
State definition
- Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
- State configuration
No specific mention.
- Self determination
No specific mention.
- Referendum
No specific mention.
- State symbols
No specific mention.
- Independence/secession
No specific mention.
- Accession/unification
No specific mention.
- Border delimitation
No specific mention.
- Cross-border provision
No specific mention.
Governance
- Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
- Elections
No specific mention.
- Electoral commission
No specific mention.
- Political parties reform
No specific mention.
- Civil society
No specific mention.
- Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
- Public administration
No specific mention.
- Constitution
No specific mention.
Power sharing
- Political power sharing
No specific mention.
- Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
- Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
- Military power sharing
No specific mention.
Human rights and equality
- Human rights/RoL general
No specific mention.
- Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
- Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
- Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
- Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.
Rights related issues
- Citizenship
No specific mention.
- Democracy
No specific mention.
- Detention procedures
No specific mention.
- Media and communication
No specific mention.
- Mobility/access
No specific mention.
- Protection measures
No specific mention.
- Other
No specific mention.
Rights institutions
- NHRI
No specific mention.
- Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.
Justice sector reform
- Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
- State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
- Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
- Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
- Traditional Laws
No specific mention.
Socio-economic reconstruction
- Development or socio-economic reconstruction
No specific mention.
- National economic plan
No specific mention.
- Natural resources
No specific mention.
- International funds
No specific mention.
- Business
No specific mention.
- Taxation
No specific mention.
- Banks
No specific mention.
Land, property and environment
- Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
- Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
- Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
- Environment
No specific mention.
- Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.
Security sector
- Security Guarantees
- Page 1:
...
5. The government of Rwanda reaffirms its readiness to withdraw from the territory of the DRC as soon as effective measures that address its security concerns, in particular the dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces, have been agreed to. Withdrawal should start simultaneously with the implementation of the measures, both of which will be verified by MONUC, JMC and the third party. - Ceasefire
No specific mention.
- Police
No specific mention.
- Armed forces
- Page 2:
8. In this regard, the Parties agree as follows:
8.1 The DRC government will continue with the process of tracking down and disarming the Interahamwe and ex-FAR within the territory of the DRC under
its control.
...
8.3 The Rwandan government undertakes to withdraw its troops from the DRC territory, following the process outlined in paragraph 5. This will be according
to measures as detailed in the implementation programme. - DDR
- Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisionsPage 1:
1. The Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement of 1999 sets out modalities for the tracking down and disarmament of ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces in the territory of the DRC. To date, it has not been possible to effectively implement the decisions relating to these armed groups.
...
5. The government of Rwanda reaffirms its readiness to withdraw from the territory of the DRC as soon as effective measures that address its security concerns, in particular the dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces, have been agreed to. Withdrawal should start simultaneously with the implementation of the measures, both of which will be verified by MONUC, JMC and the third party.
Page 2:
8. In this regard, the Parties agree as follows:
8.1 The DRC government will continue with the process of tracking down and disarming the Interahamwe and ex-FAR within the territory of the DRC under its control.
8.2 The DRC government will collaborate with MONUC and the JMC in the dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces in the DRC.
8.3 The Rwandan government undertakes to withdraw its troops from the DRC territory, following the process outlined in paragraph 5. This will be according to measures as detailed in the implementation programme.
8.4 That MONUC, acting together with all relevant United Nations agencies, should be requested to immediately set up processes to repatriate all Rwandese, ex-FAR and Interahamwe to Rwanda, including those in Kamina, in coordination with the governments of Rwanda and the DRC.
...
8.9 MONUC should immediately proceed to implement Phase 3 of its DDRR and finalise its deployment in the DRC, especially in the eastern part of the territory.
[Page 4-5, Summary: The last two pages of the agreement define a the a calendar of implementation on the Withdrawal of the Rwandan Troops from the Territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo] - Intelligence services
No specific mention.
- Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
- Page 1:
1. The Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement of 1999 sets out modalities for the tracking down and disarmament of ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces in the territory of the DRC. To date, it has not been possible to effectively implement the decisions relating to these armed groups.
...
5. The government of Rwanda reaffirms its readiness to withdraw from the territory of the DRC as soon as effective measures that address its security concerns, in particular the dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces, have been agreed to. Withdrawal should start simultaneously with the implementation of the measures, both of which will be verified by MONUC, JMC and the third party.
6. The Interahamwe and ex-FAR armed groups fled to various countries, including the DRC, after participating in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. The DRC government states that it does not wish to have these armed groups present in the territory of the DRC. The DRC government does not want its territory to be used as a base for attacks against its neighbouring countries.
Page 2:
7. The DRC government is ready to collaborate with MONUC, the JMC and any other Force constituted by the third party, to assemble and disarm the ex-FAR and Interahamwe in the whole of the territory of the DRC.
Page 2:
7. The DRC government is ready to collaborate with MONUC, the JMC and any other Force constituted by the third party, to assemble and disarm the ex-FAR and Interahamwe in the whole of the territory of the DRC.
8. In this regard, the Parties agree as follows:
8.1 The DRC government will continue with the process of tracking down and disarming the Interahamwe and ex-FAR within the territory of the DRC under
its control.
8.2 The DRC government will collaborate with MONUC and the JMC in the dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces in the DRC.
...
8.4 That MONUC, acting together with all relevant United Nations agencies, should be requested to immediately set up processes to repatriate all
Rwandese, ex-FAR and Interahamwe to Rwanda, including those in Kamina, in coordination with the governments of Rwanda and the DRC.
...
8.9 MONUC should immediately proceed to implement Phase 3 of its DDRR and finalise its deployment in the DRC, especially in the eastern part of the territory.
[Page 4-5, Summary: The last two pages of the agreement define a the a calendar of implementation on the Withdrawal of the Rwandan Troops from the Territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo] - Withdrawal of foreign forces
- Page 1:
1. The Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement of 1999 sets out modalities for the tracking down and disarmament of ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces in the territory of the DRC. To date, it has not been possible to effectively implement the decisions relating to these armed groups.
...
4. The government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo reaffirms its stated legitimate right that the forces of the government of Rwanda withdraw from the territory of the DRC without delay.
5. The government of Rwanda reaffirms its readiness to withdraw from the territory of the DRC as soon as effective measures that address its security concerns, in particular the dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces, have been agreed to. Withdrawal should start simultaneously with the implementation of the measures, both of which will be verified by MONUC, JMC and the third party.
6. The Interahamwe and ex-FAR armed groups fled to various countries, including the DRC, after participating in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. The DRC government states that it does not wish to have these armed groups present in the territory of the DRC. The DRC government does not want its territory to be used as a base for attacks against its neighbouring countries.
Page 2:
7. The DRC government is ready to collaborate with MONUC, the JMC and any other Force constituted by the third party, to assemble and disarm the ex-FAR and Interahamwe in the whole of the territory of the DRC.
8. In this regard, the Parties agree as follows:
8.1 The DRC government will continue with the process of tracking down and disarming the Interahamwe and ex-FAR within the territory of the DRC under
its control.
...
8.3 The Rwandan government undertakes to withdraw its troops from the DRC territory, following the process outlined in paragraph 5. This will be according
to measures as detailed in the implementation programme.
8.4 That MONUC, acting together with all relevant United Nations agencies, should be requested to immediately set up processes to repatriate all
Rwandese, ex-FAR and Interahamwe to Rwanda, including those in Kamina, in coordination with the governments of Rwanda and the DRC.
8.5 The governments of the DRC and Rwanda would provide the facilitator of this meeting and the Secretary-General of the United Nations with all the
information in their possession relating to these armed groups.
...
8.10 The Parties agree that their respective governments would put into place a mechanism for the normalisation of the security situation along their common
border. This mechanism may include the presence of an International Force to cooperate with the two countries, in the short term, to secure their common border.
[Page 4-5, Summary: The last two pages of the agreement define a the a calendar of implementation on the Withdrawal of the Rwandan Troops from the Territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo] - Corruption
No specific mention.
- Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
- Drugs
No specific mention.
- Terrorism
No specific mention.
Transitional justice
- Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
- Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
- Courts
No specific mention.
- Mechanism
No specific mention.
- Prisoner release
No specific mention.
- Vetting
No specific mention.
- Victims
No specific mention.
- Missing persons
No specific mention.
- Reparations
No specific mention.
- Reconciliation
No specific mention.
Implementation
- UN signatory
- (Signed) Kofi Annan, Secretary-General of the United Nations
- Other international signatory
- (Signed) Thabo M. Mbeki, President of the Republic of South Africa
- Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
- International mission/force/similar
- Page 1:
...
3. The Parties acknowledge that there have been numerous attempts to implement agreements reached between them with regard to this matter. The Parties also acknowledge that the launch of the African Union, recent United Nations resolutions and the involvement of a third party present a window of opportunity to urgently resolve this matter.
By third party, both parties understand this to refer to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and South Africa, in its dual capacity as Chairperson of the African Union and facilitator of this process.
The Parties further acknowledge that the resolution of this matter will be a process and not an event.
...
5. The government of Rwanda reaffirms its readiness to withdraw from the territory of the DRC as soon as effective measures that address its security concerns, in particular the dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces, have been agreed to. Withdrawal should start simultaneously with the implementation of the measures, both of which will be verified by MONUC, JMC and the third party.
Page 2:
7. The DRC government is ready to collaborate with MONUC, the JMC and any other Force constituted by the third party, to assemble and disarm the ex-FAR and Interahamwe in the whole of the territory of the DRC.
8. In this regard, the Parties agree as follows:
...
8.2 The DRC government will collaborate with MONUC and the JMC in the dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces in the DRC.
...
8.4 That MONUC, acting together with all relevant United Nations agencies, should be requested to immediately set up processes to repatriate all
Rwandese, ex-FAR and Interahamwe to Rwanda, including those in Kamina, in coordination with the governments of Rwanda and the DRC.
8.5 The governments of the DRC and Rwanda would provide the facilitator of this meeting and the Secretary-General of the United Nations with all the information in their possession relating to these armed groups.
8.6 The third party will take responsibility for verifying whatever information received, through whatever measures deemed necessary.
8.7 The Parties agree to accept the verification report from the third party.
8.8 That the United Nations considers changing the mandate of MONUC into a peace-keeping mission.
8.9 MONUC should immediately proceed to implement Phase 3 of its DDRR and finalise its deployment in the DRC, especially in the eastern part of the territory.
...
8.11 That a bilateral team, facilitated by South Africa and the Secretary-General of the United Nations, work on a detailed calendar to implement this agreement.
8.12 Both Parties commit themselves to accepting the role and findings of the third party in the process of implementing this agreement, and further accept that the commitments and agreements reached in this Peace Agreement are binding.
Page 4, Programme of Implementation of the Peace Agreement between the Governments of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the
Republic of Rwanda on the Withdrawal of the Rwandan Troops from the Territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and
the Dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo:
The governments of the Republic of Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, with the understanding that:
– The third party, defined in the main agreement as the Secretary-General of the United Nations and South Africa, in its dual capacity as Chairperson of the African Union and as facilitator, will, throughout the process of implementing
the programme as agreed to by the parties, take authority over the management of the programme.
– The third party commits itself to continuously overseeing and verifying the processes that will be undertaken by both parties in the spirit of executing the commitments made in the Peace Agreement.
– The third party shall establish, for the purpose of overseeing and verifying the implementation of this programme, a Permanent Secretariat, to be determined by the third party.
– Both Parties further agree to commit themselves to accepting as final verification reports by the third party and consider this agreement to be binding.
[Page 4-5, Summary: The last two pages of the agreement define a the a calendar of implementation on the Withdrawal of the Rwandan Troops from the Territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo - including MONUC's responsibility.] - Enforcement mechanism
- Page 4, Programme of Implementation of the Peace Agreement between the Governments of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the
Republic of Rwanda on the Withdrawal of the Rwandan Troops from the Territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and
the Dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo:
The governments of the Republic of Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, with the understanding that:
– The third party, defined in the main agreement as the Secretary-General of the United Nations and South Africa, in its dual capacity as Chairperson of the African Union and as facilitator, will, throughout the process of implementing the programme as agreed to by the parties, take authority over the management of the programme
– The third party commits itself to continuously overseeing and verifying the processes that will be undertaken by both parties in the spirit of executing the commitments made in the Peace Agreement.
– The third party shall establish, for the purpose of overseeing and verifying the implementation of this programme, a Permanent Secretariat, to be determined by the third party. - Related cases
No specific mention.
- Source
- https://www.usip.org/
Peace Agreement between the Governments of the Democratic
Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda on the
Withdrawal of the Rwandan Troops from the Territory of the
Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Dismantling of the
ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the Democratic Republic
of the Congo
1. The Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement of 1999 sets out modalities for the tracking
down and disarmament of ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces in the territory of
the DRC.
To date, it has not been possible to effectively implement the
decisions relating to these armed groups.
2. The governments of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic
of Rwanda have sought to find an expeditious manner of implementing these
decisions.
3. The Parties acknowledge that there have been numerous attempts to implement
agreements reached between them with regard to this matter.
The Parties also
acknowledge that the launch of the African Union, recent United Nations
resolutions and the involvement of a third party present a window of
opportunity to urgently resolve this matter.
By third party, both parties understand this to refer to the Secretary-General of
the United Nations and South Africa, in its dual capacity as Chairperson of the
African Union and facilitator of this process.
The Parties further acknowledge that the resolution of this matter will be a
process and not an event.
4. The government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo reaffirms its stated
legitimate right that the forces of the government of Rwanda withdraw from
the territory of the DRC without delay.
5. The government of Rwanda reaffirms its readiness to withdraw from the
territory of the DRC as soon as effective measures that address its security
concerns, in particular the dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces,
have been agreed to.
Withdrawal should start simultaneously with the
implementation of the measures, both of which will be verified by MONUC,
JMC and the third party.
6. The Interahamwe and ex-FAR armed groups fled to various countries,
including the DRC, after participating in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda.
The
DRC government states that it does not wish to have these armed groups
present in the territory of the DRC.
The DRC government does not want its
territory to be used as a base for attacks against its neighbouring countries.
7. The DRC government is ready to collaborate with MONUC, the JMC and any
other Force constituted by the third party, to assemble and disarm the ex-FAR
and Interahamwe in the whole of the territory of the DRC.
8. In this regard, the Parties agree as follows:
8.1 The DRC government will continue with the process of tracking down and
disarming the Interahamwe and ex-FAR within the territory of the DRC under
its control.
8.2 The DRC government will collaborate with MONUC and the JMC in the
dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces in the DRC.
8.3 The Rwandan government undertakes to withdraw its troops from the DRC
territory, following the process outlined in paragraph 5.
This will be according
to measures as detailed in the implementation programme.
8.4 That MONUC, acting together with all relevant United Nations agencies,
should be requested to immediately set up processes to repatriate all
Rwandese, ex-FAR and Interahamwe to Rwanda, including those in Kamina, in
coordination with the governments of Rwanda and the DRC.
8.5 The governments of the DRC and Rwanda would provide the facilitator of this
meeting and the Secretary-General of the United Nations with all the
information in their possession relating to these armed groups.
8.6 The third party will take responsibility for verifying whatever information
received, through whatever measures deemed necessary.
8.7 The Parties agree to accept the verification report from the third party.
8.8 That the United Nations considers changing the mandate of MONUC into a
peace-keeping mission.
8.9 MONUC should immediately proceed to implement Phase 3 of its DDRR and
finalise its deployment in the DRC, especially in the eastern part of the
territory.
8.10 The Parties agree that their respective governments would put into place a
mechanism for the normalisation of the security situation along their common
border.
This mechanism may include the presence of an International Force to
cooperate with the two countries, in the short term, to secure their common
border.
8.11 That a bilateral team, facilitated by South Africa and the Secretary-General of
the United Nations, work on a detailed calendar to implement this agreement.
8.12 Both Parties commit themselves to accepting the role and findings of the third
party in the process of implementing this agreement, and further accept that the
commitments and agreements reached in this Peace Agreement are binding.
Programme of Implementation of the Peace Agreement between
the Governments of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the
Republic of Rwanda on the Withdrawal of the Rwandan Troops
from the Territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and
the Dismantling of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe Forces in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo
The governments of the Republic of Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the
Congo, with the understanding that:
– The third party, defined in the main agreement as the Secretary-General of the
United Nations and South Africa, in its dual capacity as Chairperson of the
African Union and as facilitator, will, throughout the process of implementing
the programme as agreed to by the parties, take authority over the management
of the programme.
– The third party commits itself to continuously overseeing and verifying the
processes that will be undertaken by both parties in the spirit of executing the
commitments made in the Peace Agreement.
– The third party shall establish, for the purpose of overseeing and verifying the
implementation of this programme, a Permanent Secretariat, to be determined
by the third party.
– Both Parties further agree to commit themselves to accepting as final
verification reports by the third party and consider this agreement to be
binding.
hereby commit themselves to the following calendar of events:
Principle in
Peace Agreement Activity Time frame Responsibility
Formal signing of the Agreement
between Government of Rwanda
and the DRC on the withdrawal of
the Rwandan troops from the DRC
territory and dismantling of the ex-
FAR and Interahamwe forces in the
DRC, in the presence of the United
Nations Secretary-General and
President Thabo Mbeki,
Chairperson of the African Union.
D1 Governments of
Rwanda and the
Democratic
Republic of the
Congo and third
party
5 Declaration of withdrawal by the
Government of Rwanda on the basis
of this agreement and the time-table
thereof.
D1 Rwanda
Rwanda to submit detailed
plans/programme for withdrawal.
D5-10 Rwanda
Principle in
Peace Agreement Activity Time frame Responsibility
8.6 Establishment of the verification
mechanism and implementation
structure by the third party (in
liaison with signatories, where
necessary)
D5-90 Third party
8.5 Communication of information to
the third party’s verification
structure on relevant matters by
both parties, including information
on ex-FAR and Interahamwe
D5-90 Rwanda and DRC
8.6 Verification process of information
received begins
D10-90 Third party
8.9 Finalisation of MONUC Phase 3
deployment
D1-15 MONUC
7 Establishment and
operationalisation of the assembly
points for the holding of ex-FAR
and Interahamwe, including
securing of the assembly points in
terms of MONUC and JMC
processes
D5-25 MONUC, JMC and
third party
8.6 Verification of the establishment
and functionality of assembly
points
D5-75 Third party
8.1 Tracking down, disarming and
dismantling Interahamwe and ex-
FAR leaders and troops
D10-90 MONUC, DRC,
JMC, Rwanda1 and
third party
8.9 Movement to assembly areas of ex-
FAR and Interahamwe and its
leadership
D15-90 MONUC
Verification/monitoring of
dismantling and cessation of
support to ex-FAR and
Interahamwe
D10-90 Third party, JMC
and MONUC
8.4 Repatriation of ex-FAR and
Interahamwe forces
D30-90 Rwanda, DRC,
MONUC and third
party
1 Rwanda’s and DRC’s participation will depend on the extent to which they control the areas
related to the task, as determined by the Third party.
Principle in Peace Agreement Activity Time frame Responsibility
5 and 8.3 Verification of process of
repatriation
D30-90 Third party
5 Withdrawal of Rwandan troops D45-90 Rwanda
8.6 Verification of process of
withdrawal
D45-90 Third party and
MONUC
8.6 Final verification process on
completion of the 90 day
Programme of Action
D90-120 Third party
Submission of final report D90-120 Third party
Normalisation of relations between
the two countries
D1-
ongoing
DRC and Rwanda
(Signed) Joseph Kabila (Signed) Paul Kagame
President President
For the Government of the For the Government of the
Democratic Republic of Republic of Rwanda
the Congo
(Signed) Thabo M. Mbeki (Signed) Kofi Annan
President of the Secretary-General of
Republic of South Africa the United Nations
For the third party