Metodología y Temática para las Discusiones, Comunicado No. 8, Mesa Nacional de Diálogos y Negociación

Export agreement:

Export agreement coding (PDF)

Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Metodología y Temática para las Discusiones, Comunicado No. 8, Mesa Nacional de Diálogos y Negociación
Date: 28 Jan 2000
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia III - Arango
Parties: Gobierno Nacional, FARC-EP
Third parties: -
Description: This text is about the topics and methods/processes of discussions for the national thematic committee. It goes into more detail about what topics need analysis and what needs to be looked at (economic and social structure, agrarian policies, natural resource conservation and exploitation).

Agreement document: CO_000128_METODOLOGÍA Y TEMÁTICA PARA LAS DISCUSIONES COMUNICADO N8 - tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_000128_METODOLOGÍA Y TEMÁTICA PARA LAS DISCUSIONES COMUNICADO N8.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 2, Article 1. Methodology for talks, 1.1.,
Purpose: Each of the 12 issues on the agenda aim to reach an understanding
between the parties, guided by the interest of the Colombian people.

Page 2, Article 1. Methodology for talks, 1.4.,
The result of the democratic participation process that will take place in parallel to the
discussion of the items via public audiences and the other communication channels
established for this purpose will serve as an input to the National Roundtable for
Dialogue and Negotiation.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: Page 1, Recitals,
...
The agenda is based on three large groups of issues:
a. the social and economic structure
b. human rights, international humanitarian law and international relations
c. democracy and the political structure of the state. ...
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: Pages 2-3, Article 2. Initial item to be discussed,
...
c. Exploitation and conservation of natural resources:
...
- international treaties;
...
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: Page 1, Recitals,
...
The agenda is based on three large groups of issues:
a. the social and economic structure
b. human rights, international humanitarian law and international relations
c. democracy and the political structure of the state. ...
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: Rights related issues→Protection measures→Other
Page 4, Agreement

c. Exploitation and conservation of natural resources
 environmental protection based on sustainable development.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
Page 1, Recitals,
...
The agenda is based on three large groups of issues:
a. the social and economic structure
b. human rights, international humanitarian law and international relations
c. democracy and the political structure of the state. ...

Pages 2-3, Article 2. Initial item to be discussed,
After analysing the content and definition of each of the points for the social and
economic structure, the parties agree to study the set of policies, sectors, instruments
and resources that allow the creation of employment, the distribution of income,
economic growth and the social development of the country as part of the analysis of
the economic and social model. In this respect, we agree that the issue of economic and
social development will include the following items, for which talks will be initiated in
line with the previously adopted methodology:

a. Economic and social structure:
- review of the model for economic development;
- income distribution policies;
- expansion of internal and external markets;
- stimulation of production through small, medium and large private enterprise;
- support to the solidarity and cooperative economy;
- stimulation for foreign investment that benefits the nation;
- social participation in planning;
- investments in social well-being, education and scientific research.

b. Integrated agrarian policy:
- democratisation of credit, technical assistance, marketing;
- redistribution of unproductive land;
- recovery and distribution of the land acquired through trafficking and/or illegal activities;
- stimulus for production;
- substitution of illegal crops and alternative development.
...
In the discussion of the various points for the economic development model that
determines the economic and social structure, the parties agree to seek a model based on
the style favoured by the Colombian people, in the context of a globalised world, abstaining
from radical models. The National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation has set a
deadline of six months for taking forward the agreed items
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: Pages 2-3, Article 2. Initial item to be discussed,
...
c. Exploitation and conservation of natural resources:
- natural resources and their distribution;
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: Land, property and environment→Land reform/rights→Land reform and management
Pages 2-3, Article 2. Initial item to be discussed,
...
b. Integrated agrarian policy:
- democratisation of credit, technical assistance, marketing;
- redistribution of unproductive land;
- recovery and distribution of the land acquired through trafficking and/or illegal activities;
- stimulus for production;
- substitution of illegal crops and alternative development.
...
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: Pages 2-3, Article 2. Initial item to be discussed,
...
c. Exploitation and conservation of natural resources:
...
- environmental protection based on sustainable development.
...
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: Pages 2-3, Article 2. Initial item to be discussed,
...
b. Integrated agrarian policy:
- democratisation of credit, technical assistance, marketing;
- redistribution of unproductive land;
- recovery and distribution of the land acquired through trafficking and/or illegal activities;
- stimulus for production;
- substitution of illegal crops and alternative development.
...
Drugs: Pages 2-3, Article 2. Initial item to be discussed,
...
b. Integrated agrarian policy:
- democratisation of credit, technical assistance, marketing;
- redistribution of unproductive land;
- recovery and distribution of the land acquired through trafficking and/or illegal activities;
- stimulus for production;
- substitution of illegal crops and alternative development.
...
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Diálogo, negociación y ruptura con las FARC-EP y con el ELN, Biblioteca de la Paz – 1998-2000, Fundación Cultura Democrática, Ed. Álvaro Villarraga Sarmiento, Bogotá D.C., 2009 (book V) p. 192

METHODOLOGY AND AGENDA ITEMS FOR TALKS, THE NATIONAL ROUNDTABLE FOR DIALOGUE AND NEGOTIATION, COMMUNICATION NO.

Villa Nueva Colombia, 28 January 2000

The spokespeople for the national government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército Popular, FARC–EP) on the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation, present in Villa Nueva Colombia, the permanent venue for dialogue and negotiation, in Los Pozos in the municipality of San Vicente del Caguán, have reached the following agreement following careful analysis of the various issues agreed on the Shared Agenda for the Transition toward a New Colombia, always considering the interests of all Colombians and the goal to reach a political solution to the Colombian conflict that leads to the construction of a new country founded on social justice.

RECITALS

Comprehensive and coordinated treatment of the various issues is necessary to find a political solution that can end the Colombian conflict.

The agenda is based on three large groups of issues:

the social and economic structure

human rights, international humanitarian law and international relations

democracy and the political structure of the state.

It is necessary to create a favourable atmosphere that guarantees conditions for investment, growth and the creation of employment in order to improve well-being and social justice for all Colombians in the short term.

It is in the national interest, and, as such, the interests of the parties, to make progress to allow agreements, maintaining national unity.

Making progress in the negotiations will deliver results in the peace process.

AGREEMENT

Methodology for talks

The discussion of the various points on the Shared Agenda for the Transition toward a New Colombia will be based on the following method:

Purpose:

Each of the 12 issues on the agenda aim to reach an understanding between the parties, guided by the interest of the Colombian people.

Initial consensus on the “concept” to be discussed:

To ensure focused and fruitful debate, a clear structure will be agreed at the start of talks, defining the scope, content and organisation of the item to be discussed.

Review of the Colombian and international experience:

Once there is an agreement regarding the content of the chosen item, the related evidence will be studied, in addition to trends and recent developments in the country.

The experience of the various international cases that may serve to enrich the debate will also be considered.

To facilitate the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation, it will be entitled to invite experts and make any visits deemed appropriate.

National Thematic Committee and presentation of the results of participation:

The result of the democratic participation process that will take place in parallel to the discussion of the items via public audiences and the other communication channels established for this purpose will serve as an input to the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation.

Presentation of evidence:

Once the inputs for the various issues to be discussed have been obtained, to avoid endless or sterile discussions, the National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation must focus its discussion on the proposals and solutions for the problem that has been identified.

Identification of consensuses and disagreements:

The next phase after the presentation of evidence and solutions will be to clearly identify the items on which there are agreements.

Similarly, any disagreements will also be established.

Evaluation of proposals and decision-making:

Records will be kept of agreements and mechanisms will be sought for their implementation.

In the event of disagreements, a round of talks will be held to overcome them.

If this is not possible, a record will be kept and the talks will move onto the next point.

It should be noted that points where there is a persistent disagreement will not be abandoned but will be postponed for subsequent discussion as the negotiations advance.

Partial agreements:

When an agreement is reached on a point for the agreed issue, this may be implemented without waiting for a full agreement on the full issue or the agenda as a whole.

Peace results:

In line with the agreement in the Shared Agenda for the Transition toward a New Colombia, results of the peace process will be produced as the negotiations advance.

Initial item to be discussed

After analysing the content and definition of each of the points for the social and economic structure, the parties agree to study the set of policies, sectors, instruments and resources that allow the creation of employment, the distribution of income, economic growth and the social development of the country as part of the analysis of the economic and social model.

In this respect, we agree that the issue of economic and social development will include the following items, for which talks will be initiated in line with the previously adopted methodology:

Economic and social structure:

review of the model for economic development;

income distribution policies;

expansion of internal and external markets;

stimulation of production through small, medium and large private enterprise;

support to the solidarity and cooperative economy;

stimulation for foreign investment that benefits the nation;

social participation in planning;

investments in social well-being, education and scientific research.

Integrated agrarian policy

democratisation of credit, technical assistance, marketing;

redistribution of unproductive land;

recovery and distribution of the land acquired through trafficking and/or illegal activities;

stimulus for production;

substitution of illegal crops and alternative development.

Exploitation and conservation of natural resources

natural resources and their distribution;

international treaties;

environmental protection based on sustainable development.

In the discussion of the various points for the economic development model that determines the economic and social structure, the parties agree to seek a model based on the style favoured by the Colombian people, in the context of a globalised world, abstaining from radical models.

The National Roundtable for Dialogue and Negotiation has set a deadline of six months for taking forward the agreed items.

For the National Government:

VÍCTOR G. RICARDO (High Commission for Peace)

CAMILO GÓMEZ ALZATE

FABI0 VALENCIA COSSI0

PEDRO GÓMEZ BARRERO

JUAN GABRIEL URIBE

JOSÉ GONZALO FORERO DELGADILLO

For the FARC-EP:

Spokespersons:

RAÚL REYES

JOAQUÍN GOMEZ

FABIÁN RAMÍREZ