Compromisos sobre Retenes y Comisión Verificadora Gobierno Nacional – MJBC

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Compromisos sobre Retenes y Comisión Verificadora Gobierno Nacional – MJBC
Date: 15 Jan 1996
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia II - Samper
Parties: For the National Government: RUBEN SANCHEZ, ALFREDO MOLANO Y DANIEL GARCIA PEÑA
For the JAIME BATEMAN CAYÓN MOVEMENT: JHON JAIRO R, JORGE P. JORGE ELIECER
Third parties: For the Peace Facilitation Commission: NUBY FERNANDEZ
Description: This document is about the rules for the guards of the zone of the détente and the establishment and composition of the commission for the examination of human rights (only details the representatives of the state).

Agreement document: CO_960115_COMPROMISOS SOBRE RETENES Y COMISI‡N VERIFICADORA - tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_960115_COMPROMISOS SOBRE RETENES Y COMISIÓN VERIFICADORA.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: Rights institutions→NHRI→Mentions of NHRI
Pages 1-2, Article 2, Verification Commission,
a. The Verification Commission will also include representatives of the Permanent Commission for Human Rights and the Presidential Council for Human Rights. The latter will provide logistic, legal and technical support for the full performance of the commission’s functions.
b. Establishment of the verification commission. The verification commission will be established on Wednesday, 17 January 1996, in the vereda of Cabildo in the municipality of Miranda at 1100.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→General commitments
Page 1, Article 1, Roadblocks,
a. Establishment of roadblocks: national army roadblocks will be located outside the demilitarised and neutral zones. JBC roadblocks will be located inside the demilitarised zone.
b. Roadblocks will have communications on a common frequency that will be agreed beforehand and communicated to the Verification Commission.
c. No roadblock may keep a logbook for the entry and exit of people.
d. There will be a control of arms that are held and their bearers.
e. At these roadblocks, both parties will be respectful and cordial to people passing through these points.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: Pages 1-2, Article 2, Verification Commission,
a. The Verification Commission will also include representatives of the Permanent Commission for Human Rights and the Presidential Council for Human Rights. The latter will provide logistic, legal and technical support for the full performance of the commission’s functions.
b. Establishment of the verification commission. The verification commission will be established on Wednesday, 17 January 1996, in the vereda of Cabildo in the municipality of Miranda at 1100.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: En ausencia de un proceso de paz: Acuerdos Parciales y Mandato Ciudadano por la Paz, Biblioteca de la Paz – 1994-1998, Fundación Cultura Democrática, Ed. Álvaro Villarraga Sarmiento, Bogotá D.C., 2009 (book IV) p. 202

COMMITMENTS ON ROADBLOCKS AND THE VERIFICATION COMMISSION, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AND THE JAIME BATEMAN CAYÓN MOVEMENT

15 January 1996

On 1730, 15 January 1996, present in the vereda of Cabildo in the municipality of Miranda, the representatives of the national government and the spokespeople for the Jaime Bateman Cayón Movement (Movimiento Jaime Bateman Cayón, JBC), in the presence of the Peace Facilitation Commission, agree the following:

1. ROADBLOCKS

Establishment of roadblocks:

national army roadblocks will be located outside the demilitarised and neutral zones.

JBC roadblocks will be located inside the demilitarised zone.

Roadblocks will have communications on a common frequency that will be agreed beforehand and communicated to the Verification Commission.

No roadblock may keep a logbook for the entry and exit of people.

There will be a control of arms that are held and their bearers.

At these roadblocks, both parties will be respectful and cordial to people passing through these points.

2. VERIFICATION COMMISSION

The Verification Commission will also include representatives of the Permanent Commission for Human Rights and the Presidential Council for Human Rights.

The latter will provide logistic, legal and technical support for the full performance of the commission’s functions.

Establishment of the verification commission.

The verification commission will be established on Wednesday, 17 January 1996, in the vereda of Cabildo in the municipality of Miranda at 1100.

For the National Government:

RUBEN SANCHEZ, ALFREDO MOLANO Y DANIEL GARCIA PEÑA

For the JAIME BATEMAN CAYÓN MOVEMENT:

JHON JAIRO R, JORGE P. JORGE ELIECER

For the Peace Facilitation Commission:

NUBY FERNANDEZ