Acta de Resumen, Reuniones entre el Gobierno de Colombia y la CGSB

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Acta de Resumen, Reuniones entre el Gobierno de Colombia y la CGSB
Date: 10 Nov 1991
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia I - Gaviria
Parties: Por la Delegación del Gobierno: JESUS A. BEJARANO A. Consejero Presidencial HÉCTOR RIVEROS S. Viceministro de Gobierno
CARLOS JARAMILLO Asesor Consejeria de Paz HUMBERTO VERGARA Asesor Consejeria de Paz ÁLVARO HERNÁNDEZ Asesor Consejeria de Paz TOMÁS CONCHA S. Asesor Consejería de Paz

Por la delegación de la CGSB:
ALFONSO CANO, FARC-EP IVÁN MÁRQUEZ, FARC-EP PABLO CATA TUMBO, FARC-EP ANTONIO GARCÍA, UC-ELN FRANCISCO GALÁN, UC-ELN DIEGO RUIZ, EPL
Third parties: En presencia de los miembros de la Comisión Asesora para el Orden Público quienes rubrican la presente declaración, doctors:
HORACIO SERPA URIBE, OTTY PATIÑO, GILBERTO VIEIRA, SAULO ARBOLEDA, JUAN GABRIEL URIBE, CARLOS RODADO N. Esta acta también es rubricada por el Testigo Internacional, doctor EMILIO FIGUEREOO PLANCHART
Description: This document is a summary of what was agreed so far, the positive climate of the negotiations, thanks to the government of Venezuela.

Agreement document: CO_911110_ACTA DE RESUMEN, REUNIONES ENTRE EL GOBIERNO DE COLOMBIA Y LA CGSB - tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_911110_ACTA DE RESUMEN, REUNIONES ENTRE EL GOBIERNO DE COLOMBIA Y LA CGSB.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: Governance→Constitution→Constitutional reform/making
Page 2

8. In spite of the differences between the parties regarding the formation process for the National Constitutional Assembly and the end result of its work, they note that it will have provided instruments that may be useful to achieve peace in the future, including political favourability and the special peace districts.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: Page 2, Article 9,
Acting on its own initiative and within the context of a negotiated peace formula, the national government has offered to submit Protocol II of the Geneva Convention to the National Congress for its approval and subsequent ratification by the Colombian state.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: Page 2,

9. Acting on its own initiative and within the context of a negotiated peace formula, the national government has offered to submit Protocol II of the Geneva Convention to the National Congress for its approval and subsequent ratification by the Colombian state.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: Page 2, Article 12,
The negotiating commissions have agreed a recess for the necessary consultations and hope that the atmosphere that will make it possible to restart talks will be maintained. Talks will be restarted by 1 February 1992 in Caracas, subject to consent by the Venezuelan government. The government reiterates the guarantees it has made for the transport of the CGSB commission under the same conditions as previous occasions.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: Page 2, Article 7,
We also emphasise the interest of the country’s business community in contributing to the process that is underway and whose efforts the government has sought to channel through the National Reinsertion Committee.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1, Article 3,
As a result of the first meeting in Caracas, a total of 10 issues were agreed for the preliminary agenda to give a general overview of the process, with the parties agreeing to prioritise to the ceasefire and cessation of hostilities. The related verification mechanisms were also agreed, consisting of regional non-governmental commissions and a national evaluation, monitoring and advisory committee.

Page 2, Article 10,
CGSB’s declarations that attacks on political leaders or the civil population will not form part of its mode of operation and its rejection of their use as a method is an important part of improving the climate for the negotiations, in addition to the announcement made regarding its decision to suspend attacks against electricity infrastructure and gas and multi-purpose pipelines.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: Security sector→DDR→DDR programmes
Page 2, Article 7,
We also emphasise the interest of the country’s business community in contributing to the process that is underway and whose efforts the government has sought to channel through the National Reinsertion Committee.

Page 2, Article 8,
In spite of the differences between the parties regarding the formation process for the National Constitutional Assembly and the end result of its work, they note that it will have provided instruments that may be useful to achieve peace in the future, including political favourability and the special peace districts.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 2, Article 10,
CGSB’s declarations that attacks on political leaders or the civil population will not form part of its mode of operation and its rejection of their use as a method is an important part of improving the climate for the negotiations, in addition to the announcement made regarding its decision to suspend attacks against electricity infrastructure and gas and multi-purpose pipelines.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: Internacional, doctor EMILIO FIGUEREOO PLANCHART
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: Page 1, Article 4,
It was agreed to create an international monitoring commission for the process, which will begin activities from the point defined by the parties. The presence of Emilio Figueredo Planchart and his team as an international witness was also agreed, since we believe his input to be highly positive for the development of the talks.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Acuerdos con el EPL, MAQL y CRS, Diálogos con la CGSB, Biblioteca de la Paz – 1990-1994, Fundación Cultura Democrática, Ed. Álvaro Villarraga Sarmiento, Bogotá D.C., 2009 (book III) p. 181

SUMMARY OF MEETINGS BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF COLOMBIA AND THE SIMÓN BOLÍVAR GUERRILLA COORDINATING BOARD

10 November 1991

The national government and the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Board (Coordinadora Guerrillera Simón Bolívar, CGSB) affirm that the talks underway have involved positive contributions to reaching a solution to the armed political conflict.

These contributions should be emphasised since they show the willingness of both parties during the various talks and the need for consolidation to guarantee the continuity of the process.

The contributions take the form of bilateral commitments arising from talks or unilateral commitments made by the parties to smooth the way to a negotiated peace formula and foster an atmosphere of credibility and trust among Colombian society regarding the process.

As a result of the first meeting in Caracas, a total of 10 issues were agreed for the preliminary agenda to give a general overview of the process, with the parties agreeing to prioritise to the ceasefire and cessation of hostilities.

The related verification mechanisms were also agreed, consisting of regional non-governmental commissions and a national evaluation, monitoring and advisory committee.

It was agreed to create an international monitoring commission for the process, which will begin activities from the point defined by the parties.

The presence of Emilio Figueredo Planchart and his team as an international witness was also agreed, since we believe his input to be highly positive for the development of the talks.

The second round of talks this year has focused on the ceasefire and cessation of hostilities.

Discussions of this issue are summarised in the attached table, which forms a constituent part of this summary.

We the parties positively value the creation of the Public Order Advisory Committee by the government, with the presence of the country’s various political forces, on account of its important and timely contributions to the process, and we regard the continuity of its work as vital.

We also emphasise the interest of the country’s business community in contributing to the process that is underway and whose efforts the government has sought to channel through the National Reinsertion Committee.

In spite of the differences between the parties regarding the formation process for the National Constitutional Assembly and the end result of its work, they note that it will have provided instruments that may be useful to achieve peace in the future, including political favourability and the special peace districts.

Acting on its own initiative and within the context of a negotiated peace formula, the national government has offered to submit Protocol II of the Geneva Convention to the National Congress for its approval and subsequent ratification by the Colombian state.

CGSB’s declarations that attacks on political leaders or the civil population will not form part of its mode of operation and its rejection of their use as a method is an important part of improving the climate for the negotiations, in addition to the announcement made regarding its decision to suspend attacks against electricity infrastructure and gas and multi-purpose pipelines.

The elements discussed have contributed to creating a favourable atmosphere, which must be maintained and strengthened to make process toward achieving the targets we have set for reaching a political solution.

The negotiating commissions have agreed a recess for the necessary consultations and hope that the atmosphere that will make it possible to restart talks will be maintained.

Talks will be restarted by 1 February 1992 in Caracas, subject to consent by the Venezuelan government.

The government reiterates the guarantees it has made for the transport of the CGSB commission under the same conditions as previous occasions.

The parties reiterate their gratitude to the Venezuelan government and the country’s people for the generous hospitality provided to their delegations, which has made a valuable contribution to peace in Colombia.

Por la Delegación del Gobierno:

JESUS A. BEJARANO A.

Consejero Presidencial

HÉCTOR RIVEROS S.

Viceministro de Gobierno

CARLOS JARAMILLO

Asesor Consejeria de Paz

HUMBERTO VERGARA

Asesor Consejeria de Paz

ÁLVARO HERNÁNDEZ

Asesor Consejeria de Paz

TOMÁS CONCHA S.

Asesor Consejería de Paz

Por la delegación de la CGSB:

ALFONSO CANO, FARC-EP

IVÁN MÁRQUEZ, FARC-EP

PABLO CATA TUMBO, FARC-EP

ANTONIO GARCÍA, UC-ELN

FRANCISCO GALÁN, UC-ELN

DIEGO RUIZ, EPL

En presencia de los miembros de la Comisión Asesora para el Orden Público quienes rubrican la presente declaración, doctors:

HORACIO SERPA URIBE, OTTY PATIÑO, GILBERTO VIEIRA, SAULO ARBOLEDA, JUAN GABRIEL URIBE, CARLOS RODADO N.

Esta acta también es rubricada por el Testigo Internacional, doctor EMILIO FIGUEREOO PLANCHART.

Caracas, Venezuela