Third Meeting of the Joint Forum, Switzerland, 23-24 September 2000

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Country/entity: Indonesia
Aceh
Region: Asia and Pacific
Agreement name: Third Meeting of the Joint Forum, Switzerland, 23-24 September 2000
Date: 24 Sep 2000
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Indonesian Conflicts (1976 - )
Aceh Conflict (1976 - )
After a decade of increasing grievances against the centralist tendencies of the Suharto-government, the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) started a military campaign in 1976 for the independence of the province in the far northeast of the Indonesian archipelago. After near defeat in 1979, GAM regained strength with Libyan support and the heaviest fighting occurred during the late 1980s when the Indonesian military intensified its violent counter-insurgency policies. The devastating tsunami in December 2004 effectively destroyed Aceh’s infrastructure and severely reduced the operational capabilities of GAM. This weakening led to a signed peace agreement in August 2005, facilitated by the Finish NGO CMI Peace Negotiations.

Indonesia-Moluccas Conflict (1999-2002)
The fall of Suharto in 1997 sparked off a number of conflicts across Indonesia. In the Moluccas region, the administrative division was divided into Moluccas and North Moluccas, thereby exacerbating a conflict characterised by communal and sectarian divisions. In part these divisions were a result of an official government transmigration programme running from late 1960s onwards that spurred conflict over resources, including land. Faith-based militias were generally responsible for the fighting from 1999 until 2002, including Laskar Jihad, and human rights abuses were committed by both sides. Opportunistic crime was also responsible for of the violence. The military campaign by Lashkar Islam was aimed to displacing Christian residents. One such event was the expulsion of the Christian residents of the Banda Islands in April 1999. The conflict ended with the signing of the Malino II Accord on 13 February 2002.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Indonesia-Aceh peace process
Parties: appointed representatives from the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action (JCHA), the Joint Committee on Security Modalities (JCSM)
Third parties: Facilitator: Henry Dunant Centre (signatory)
Description: Parties commit to extend humanitarian pause and to conduct negotiations during this new phase.

Agreement document: ID_000924_Third Meeting of the Joint Forum, Switzerland, 23-24 September 2000.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Rhetorical
Page 1, II. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
3. The Joint Forum welcomes and encourages integrated action between the JCHA and JCSM on the issue of lDPs, especially with regards to secure return to their homes.

Page 2, II. Directives
... D. Extension of the Humanitarian Pause
1. The parties to the Joint Forum reaffirm their commitment not to use IDPs for political gain and for that purpose they resolve to the early and safe return of the IDPs to their homes, and to prevent any new exodus o f IDPs. in this context they instruct the Joint Committees and Monitoring Teams, as a matter of priority, to take all necessary actions for this objective to be speedily realised.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 1, II. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 6. The Joint Forum encourages the JCHA to extend its work to the districts of Aceh, in particular to coordinate with all relevant stakeholders in order to support the delivery of humanitarian assistance.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Humanitarian assistance
Page 1, II. Directives
 A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
2. Joint Forum strongly urges the JCHA to apply, as a matter of urgency, the agreed stamp of guarantee to all aid coordinated through the committee.

Page 1, II. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 4. The Joint Forum urges international donors to provide humanitarian assistance through the United Nations Development Programme Trust Fund and other recognised mechanisms.

Page 1, II. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 5. The Joint Forum urges the JCHA and the interim Governor of Aceh to work closely together to facilitate the coordination and delivery of humanitarian assistance from the Government of the Republic of Indonesia.

Page 1, II. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
... 6. The Joint Forum encourages the JCHA to extend its work to the districts of Aceh, in particular to coordinate with all relevant stakeholders in order to support the delivery of humanitarian assistance.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: Page 1:
4. The Joint Forum urges international donors to provide humanitarian assistance through the United Nations Development Programme Trust Fund and other recognised mechanisms.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: Page 1, II. Directives
A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action
7. The Joint Forum deplores all attacks on any humanitarian workers.

Page 2, II. Directives
... C. Directives made in relation to the Monitoring Team for Security Modalities
... 2. The Joint Forum restates its commitment to ensure the security and safety of the members of the Monitoring Teams.

Page 3, II. Directives
... D. Extension of the Humanitarian Pause
... 3. The Leadership of the Free Aceh Movement condemns any intimidation and victimisation of local Government by any party. Actions will be taken in this regard.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→General commitments
Page 2, II. Directives
... B. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Security Modalities
... 4. The Joint Forum agrees that the JCSM in Banda Aceh be strengthened by increasing the number of staff to a maximum of 8 (eight) from each side.

Page 2, II. Directives
... C. Directives made in relation to the Monitoring Team for Security Modalities
1. The Joint Forum accepts the proposed format (Section E, 4) submitted in the Report of the Monitoring Team for Security Modalities regarding its functions and status.

Page 2, II. Directives
... C. Directives made in relation to the Monitoring Team for Security Modalities
... 3. The Joint Forum agrees to the expansion plan submitted in the Monitoring Team Report (Section C) to this Joint Forum. Both parties agree that the expansion plan should begin in the priority areas ofNorth Aceh, East Aceh, South Aceh and Pidie.

Page 2, II. Directives
... C. Directives made in relation to the Monitoring Team for Security Modalities
... 4. The Joint Forum agrees that appropriate training in Aceh be made available to the Monitoring Teams in order to provide them with the necessary skills to carry out their functions more effectively.
Police: Page 2, II. Directives
... B. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Security Modalities
1. The Joint Forum recognises that the issue of normal police function is central to the success of the Humanitarian Pause. in the spirit and context of the Joint Understanding it is recognised that these functions should continue to be carried out by the Republic of Indonesia Police.

Page 2, II. Directives
... B. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Security Modalities
... 3. The Joint Forum accepts all the recommendations made in the JSCM Report (Section il, 6, c)) regarding policing principles.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 3, II. Directives
... D. Extension of the Humanitarian Pause
... 3. The Leadership of the Free Aceh Movement condemns any intimidation and victimisation of local Government by any party. Actions will be taken in this regard.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: Page 3, II. Directives
... D. Extension of the Humanitarian Pause
... 2. The Leadership of the Free Aceh Movement reconfirms its opposition to extortion by any party and encourages any person approached in this manner to immediately report to the Monitoring Team on Security Modalities.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue. On file with author.

I. Preamble

Third Meeting of the Joint Forum Switzerland, 23-24 September 2000

Directive No.

At its third meeting on 23-24 September 2000 in Switzerland, the Joint Forum expressed its appreciation for the continued understanding and willingness of all members to continue to engage in discussions.

in this meeting, the appointed representatives from the two Joint Committees and the Monitoring Team on Security Modalities participated in the meeting as resource persons.

The Joint Forum expressed again its appreciation for the continued efforts and work of the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action (JCHA), the Joint Committee on Security Modalities (JCSM) and the Monitoring Teams.

II. Directives

A. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Humanitarian Action

1. The Joint Forum welcomes the report of the JCHA and commends the members on progress made since the last Joint Forum meeting.

2. Joint Forum strongly urges the JCHA to apply, asa matter of urgency, the agreed stamp of guarantee to all aid coordinated through the committee.

3. The Joint Forum welcomes and encourages integrated action between the JCHA and JCSM on the issue of lDPs, especially with regards to secure return to their homes.

4. The Joint Forum urges international donors to provide humanitarian assistance through the United Nations Development Programme Trust Fund and other recognised mechanisms.

5. The Joint Forum urges the JCHA and the interim Governor of Aceh to work closely together to facilitate the coordination and delivery of humanitarian assistance from the Government of the Republic of Indonesia.

6. The Joint Forum encourages the JCHA to extend its work to the districts of Aceh, in particular to coordinate with all relevant stakeholders in order to support the delivery of humanitarian assistance.

7. The Joint Forum deplores all attacks on any humanitarian workers.

B. Directives made in relation to the Joint Committee on Security Modalities

1. The Joint Forum recognises that the issue of normal police function is central to the success of the Humanitarian Pause.

in the spirit and context of the Joint Understanding it is recognised that these functions should continue to be carried out by the Republic of Indonesia Police.

2. The Joint Forum recognises that the Joint Understanding may be amended in the future as a result of substantive negotiations between the two parties.

However, improvements at this stage are being made within the context of the existing agreements in the Joint Understanding.

3. The Joint Forum accepts all the recommendations made in the JSCM Report (Section il, 6, c)) regarding policing principles.

4. The Joint Forum agrees that the JCSM in Banda Aceh be strengthened by increasing the number of staff to a maximum of 8 (eight) from each side.

C. Directives made in relation to the Monitoring Team for Security Modalities

1. The Joint Forum accepts the proposed format (Section E, 4) submitted in the Report of the Monitoring Team for Security Modalities regarding its functions and status.

2. The Joint Forum restates its commitment to ensure the security and safety of the members of the Monitoring Teams.

3. The Joint Forum agrees to the expansion plan submitted in the Monitoring Team Report (Section C) to this Joint Forum.

Both parties agree that the expansion plan should begin in the priority areas ofNorth Aceh, East Aceh, South Aceh and Pidie.

4. The Joint Forum agrees that appropriate training in Aceh be made available to the Monitoring Teams in order to provide them with the necessary skills to carry out their functions more effectively.

D. Extension of the Humanitarian Pause

1. The parties to the Joint Forum reaffirm their commitment not to use IDPs for political gain and for that purpose they resolve to the early and safe return of the IDPs to their homes, and to prevent any new exodus o f IDPs.

in this context they instruct the Joint Committees and Monitoring Teams, as a matter of priority, to take all necessary actions for this objective to be speedily realised.

2. The Leadership of the Free Aceh Movement reconfirms its opposition to extortion by any party and encourages any person approached in this manner to immediately report to the Monitoring Team on Security Modalities.

3. The Leadership of the Free Aceh Movement condemns any intimidation and victimisation of local Government by any party.

Actions will be taken in this regard.

4. The parties to the Joint Understanding agree to the extension of the 1

Humanitarian Pause to January l 5 h 2001.

5. During this second phase of the Humanitarian Pause, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement agree to enter into exploratory talks in order to arrive at a lasting and comprehensive political solution for Aceh.