Acuerdo entre el Gobierno Nacional y el Movimiento Armado Quintín Lame, Cauca

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Acuerdo entre el Gobierno Nacional y el Movimiento Armado Quintín Lame, Cauca
Date: 14 Sep 1990
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia I - Gaviria
Parties: Por el Gobierno Nacional
JESUS ANTONIO BEJARANO
Consejero Presidencial
ALVARO HERNJÍNDEZ V.
Asesor
CARLOS EDUARDO JARAMILLO
Asesor

Por el Quintín Lame
GILDARDO FERNJÍNDEZ COMANDANTE GENERAL CIRO TIQUE
Comisión Negociadora Q.L.
Third parties: -
Description: In this agreement they set the agenda for the next meeting (consideration of mechanisms and procedures for the social and political reinsertion of MAQL combatants) and decide on the creation of 2 commissions to deal with the causes of the conflict and the wellbeing of the communities affected by it. The MAQL announces a unilateral ceasefire and suspension of activities against people or property in return the government will promote and support the regional department, peace dialogue. MAQL expresses its disagreement over the lack of indigenous participation in the National Assembly and expresses its refusal to participate in the Assembly in its current form. However, it affirms its will to participate in the peace process.

Agreement document: CO_900914_ACUERDO ENTRE EL GOBIERNO NACIONAL Y EL MOVIMIENTO ARMADO QUINTIN LAME - tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_900914_ACUERDO ENTRE EL GOBIERNO NACIONAL Y EL MOVIMIENTO ARMADO QUINTIN LAME.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: Groups→Indigenous people→Rhetorical
Page 1, Article 1,
MAQL places on record its displeasure with the failure to acknowledge special indigenous participation in the National Constitutional Assembly and that it will not support or participate in the assembly as it currently stands. Notwithstanding, MAQL ratifies its willingness to remain part of the peace process being conducted by the national government and does not condition its progress on the results of the assembly.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 1, Article 3,
The national government, on its own initiative, will promote and support regional peace talks in the department of Cauca, involving the participation of both civil society and governmental institutions in work favourable to the acclimatisation and atmosphere of the peace process and the reincorporation of insurgent armed groups.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1, Article 2,
MAQL will unilaterally maintain its ceasefire and the suspension of all activity against the life and assets of people.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisions
Page 1, Article 3,
The national government, on its own initiative, will promote and support regional peace talks in the department of Cauca, involving the participation of both civil society and governmental institutions in work favourable to the acclimatisation and atmosphere of the peace process and the reincorporation of insurgent armed groups.

Page 1, Article 4,
At the next meeting, the national government and MAQL will study the itinerary, mechanisms and procedures for the reincorporation of the MAQL insurgent group into the country’s civil and democratic life.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 1, Article 1,
MAQL places on record its displeasure with the failure to acknowledge special indigenous participation in the National Constitutional Assembly and that it will not support or participate in the assembly as it currently stands. Notwithstanding, MAQL ratifies its willingness to remain part of the peace process being conducted by the national government and does not condition its progress on the results of the assembly.

Page 1, Article 2,
MAQL will unilaterally maintain its ceasefire and the suspension of all activity against the life and assets of people.

Page 1, Article 4,
At the next meeting, the national government and MAQL will study the itinerary, mechanisms and procedures for the reincorporation of the MAQL insurgent group into the country’s civil and democratic life.

Page 1, Untitled Afterword,
Two special commissions will be appointed, comprising members of the Council for Reconciliation, Normalisation and Restoration and MAQL to examine and propose mechanisms to overcome the factors of violence that persist in Cauca and aspects related to the welfare of the communities affected by the conflict.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Acuerdos con el EPL, MAQL y CRS, Diálogos con la CGSB, Biblioteca de la Paz – 1990-1994, Fundación Cultura Democrática, Ed. Álvaro Villarraga Sarmiento, Bogotá D.C., 2009 (book III) p. 193

AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AND THE QUINTIN LAME ARMED MOVEMENT IN CAUCA

14 September 1990

The national government and the Quintin Lame Armed Movement (Movimiento Armado Quintín Lame, MAQL), present in the eastern zone of the department of Cauca on 14 September 1990, express the following:

MAQL places on record its displeasure with the failure to acknowledge special indigenous participation in the National Constitutional Assembly and that it will not support or participate in the assembly as it currently stands.

Notwithstanding, MAQL ratifies its willingness to remain part of the peace process being conducted by the national government and does not condition its progress on the results of the assembly.

MAQL will unilaterally maintain its ceasefire and the suspension of all activity against the life and assets of people.

The national government, on its own initiative, will promote and support regional peace talks in the department of Cauca, involving the participation of both civil society and governmental institutions in work favourable to the acclimatisation and atmosphere of the peace process and the reincorporation of insurgent armed groups.

At the next meeting, the national government and MAQL will study the itinerary, mechanisms and procedures for the reincorporation of the MAQL insurgent group into the country’s civil and democratic life.

Two special commissions will be appointed, comprising members of the Council for Reconciliation, Normalisation and Restoration and MAQL to examine and propose mechanisms to overcome the factors of violence that persist in Cauca and aspects related to the welfare of the communities affected by the conflict.

Por el Gobierno Nacional

JESUS ANTONIO BEJARANO

Consejero Presidencial

ALVARO HERNJÍNDEZ V.

Asesor

CARLOS EDUARDO JARAMILLO

Asesor

Por el Quintín Lame

GILDARDO FERNJÍNDEZ COMANDANTE GENERAL CIRO TIQUE

Comisión Negociadora Q.L.