Declaración del Gobierno Nacional y el PCC (ML) y el EPL, Juan José, Córdoba

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Declaración del Gobierno Nacional y el PCC (ML) y el EPL, Juan José, Córdoba
Date: 29 Jan 1991
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia I - Gaviria
Parties: For the EPL and the PCC - ML:
JAIME FAJARDO LANDAETA
DA RÍO ANTONIO MEJÍA
ANÍBAL PALACIO
FERNANDO PINEDA
BERNARDO GUTIÉRREZ
MARCOS JARA
DOMINGO ROJAS
JYMY SALCEDO
JAIME VELASQUEZ
CAMILOSANTACRUZ
SALOMÓN BORGES
For the Presidential Council
JESÚS A. BEJARANO A.
CARLOS EDUARDO JARA MILLO
ALVARO HERNANDEZ
TOMAS CONCHA SANZ
Third parties: Agreement is not signed by, but is stated to have been agreed 'in the presence of': in the presence of Manuel Medina, representative of the Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE) and Socialist International in his capacity as international monitor, Monsignor Flavio Calle, Bishop of Montelíbano and Monsignor Guillermo Vega of the Colombian Episcopal Conference, as representatives of the church and as moral tutors of the peace process, Monsignor Emilio Stehle special guest of the church, Senator Rodrigo Marín Bernal in representation of the National Salvation Movement and Member of Parliament Andrés López,
Description: The government will designate a bilateral commission with the goal of drafting the final agreement to be put forward on February 8. Decommissioning will be the grand final act in Medellín. The EPL declares a ceasefire from March 1, 1991 onwards and designates its representatives for the national assembly. The signatories agree to call all other armed groups to follow the example and initiate the peace process with the government to consolidate democracy.

Agreement document: CO_910129_DECLARACIÓN DEL GOBIERNO NACIONAL Y EL PCC (ML) Y EL EPL - tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_910129_DECLARACIÓN DEL GOBIERNO NACIONAL Y EL PCC (ML) Y EL EPL.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: Page 1, Untitled Preamble,
Present in the town of Juan José in the municipality of Puerto Libertador in the department of Córdoba, the Popular Liberation Army (Ejército Popular de Liberación, EPL) negotiating commission, together with the representatives of the fronts appointed at the IV Conference of Combatants, and the Presidential Peace Council, in the presence of Manuel Medina, representative of the Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE) and Socialist International in his capacity as international monitor, Monsignor Flavio Calle, Bishop of Montelíbano and Monsignor Guillermo Vega of the Colombian Episcopal Conference, as representatives of the church and as moral tutors of the peace process, Monsignor Emilio Stehle special guest of the church, Senator Rodrigo Marín Bernal in representation of the National Salvation Movement and Member of Parliament Andrés López, make it publicly known that:
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: Page 2, Article 5,
The parties agree on the need for issuing a call to remaining armed groups that are still active to begin peace processes with the government, thus contributing to the consolidation of Colombian democracy.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Other
Page 1, Article 2,
EPL has appointed Jaime Fajardo Landaeta and Darío Antonio Mejía Agudelo as its representatives on the National Constitutional Assembly, as spokespeople from 5 February and as representatives with full rights from the date arms are surrendered, in line with the agreement with the national government.
For its part, the government will appoint them during the course of this week.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisions
Page 1, Article 1,
As a result of the IV Conference of Combatants and the meeting held on this date, EPL ratifies before the country and the national government its decision to surrender arms on 1 March 1991.

Page 1, Article 2,
EPL has appointed Jaime Fajardo Landaeta and Darío Antonio Mejía Agudelo as its representatives on the National Constitutional Assembly, as spokespeople from 5 February and as representatives with full rights from the date arms are surrendered, in line with the agreement with the national government.
For its part, the government will appoint them during the course of this week.

Page 1-2, Article 4,
Proceedings for the surrender of arms that will take place in the camps in which EPL combatants are currently present will occur before the main and final proceedings, which will take place in Medellin, when the construction of a monument to peace in honour of Oscar William Calvo and Ernesto Rojas will begin, with arms to be embedded in a cement obelisk.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 1, Article 1,
As a result of the IV Conference of Combatants and the meeting held on this date, EPL ratifies before the country and the national government its decision to surrender arms on 1 March 1991.

Page 1, Article 2,
EPL has appointed Jaime Fajardo Landaeta and Darío Antonio Mejía Agudelo as its representatives on the National Constitutional Assembly, as spokespeople from 5 February and as representatives with full rights from the date arms are surrendered, in line with the agreement with the national government.
For its part, the government will appoint them during the course of this week.

Page 1-2, Article 4,
Proceedings for the surrender of arms that will take place in the camps in which EPL combatants are currently present will occur before the main and final proceedings, which will take place in Medellin, when the construction of a monument to peace in honour of Oscar William Calvo and Ernesto Rojas will begin, with arms to be embedded in a cement obelisk.

Page 2, Article 5,
The parties agree on the need for issuing a call to remaining armed groups that are still active to begin peace processes with the government, thus contributing to the consolidation of Colombian democracy.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Acuerdos con el EPL, MAQL y CRS, Diálogos con la CGSB, Biblioteca de la Paz – 1990-1994, Fundación Cultura Democrática, Ed. Álvaro Villarraga Sarmiento, Bogotá D.C., 2009 (book III) p. 165

DECLARATION OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AND THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF COLOMBIA (MARXIST–LENINIST) AND THE POPULAR LIBERATION ARMY IN JUAN JOSÉ, CORDOBA

29 January 1991

Present in the town of Juan José in the municipality of Puerto Libertador in the department of Córdoba, the Popular Liberation Army (Ejército Popular de Liberación, EPL) negotiating commission, together with the representatives of the fronts appointed at the IV Conference of Combatants, and the Presidential Peace Council, in the presence of Manuel Medina, representative of the Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE) and Socialist International in his capacity as international monitor, Monsignor Flavio Calle, Bishop of Montelíbano and Monsignor Guillermo Vega of the Colombian Episcopal Conference, as representatives of the church and as moral tutors of the peace process, Monsignor Emilio Stehle special guest of the church, Senator Rodrigo Marín Bernal in representation of the National Salvation Movement and Member of Parliament Andrés López, make it publicly known that:

As a result of the IV Conference of Combatants and the meeting held on this date, EPL ratifies before the country and the national government its decision to surrender arms on 1 March 1991.

EPL has appointed Jaime Fajardo Landaeta and Darío Antonio Mejía Agudelo as its representatives on the National Constitutional Assembly, as spokespeople from 5 February and as representatives with full rights from the date arms are surrendered, in line with the agreement with the national government.

For its part, the government will appoint them during the course of this week.

A bilateral commission has been appointed to prepare the final draft of the definitive agreement, which will be formally registered on 8 February in Bogota.

Proceedings for the surrender of arms that will take place in the camps in which EPL combatants are currently present will occur before the main and final proceedings, which will take place in Medellin, when the construction of a monument to peace in honour of Oscar William Calvo and Ernesto Rojas will begin, with arms to be embedded in a cement obelisk.

The parties agree on the need for issuing a call to remaining armed groups that are still active to begin peace processes with the government, thus contributing to the consolidation of Colombian democracy.

For the EPL and the PCC - ML:

JAIME FAJARDO LANDAETA

DA RÍO ANTONIO MEJÍA

ANÍBAL PALACIO

FERNANDO PINEDA

BERNARDO GUTIÉRREZ

MARCOS JARA

DOMINGO ROJAS

JYMY SALCEDO

JAIME VELASQUEZ

CAMILOSANTACRUZ

SALOMÓN BORGES

For the Presidential Council

JESÚS A. BEJARANO A.

CARLOS EDUARDO JARA MILLO

ALVARO HERNANDEZ

TOMAS CONCHA SANZ