Acuerdo entre el PCC M-L, EPL, Quintín Lame y PRT y Partidos Políticos Signatarios del Acuerdo Para la Constituyente

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Acuerdo entre el PCC M-L, EPL, Quintín Lame y PRT y Partidos Políticos Signatarios del Acuerdo Para la Constituyente
Date: 24 Sep 1990
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia I - Gaviria
Parties: Por el Movimiento de Salvacion Nacional: RODRIGO MARIN BERNAL. Por el Partido Social Conservador: DIEGO PARDO KOPPEL. Por la Alianza Democrática M-19: DIEGO MONTÑA CUELLAR, CAMILO GONZALEZ, JAMIE FAJARDO, OTTO ÑAÑEZ.

Por el Mando Central del EPL, BERNARDO GUTiERREZ, OCTAVIO HERNANDEZ, CARLOS ALBERTO RESTREPO Y JAIRO MORALES. Por la direccion nacional del PRT: SERGIO SIERRA Y VÍCTOR CRUZ. Por el Estado Mayor del Quintín Lame: LEONARDO ULCUÉ, MAURICIO PAEZ.

Por el Partido Comunista Marxista-Leninista: JORGE OCAMPO Y RAÚL TEJADA
Third parties: -
Description: This document welcomes previous steps and reaffirms the signatories’ participation and commitment to previous agreements, a political solution to the conflict and political participation. They ask for the inclusion of other groups (social movements esp. indigenous, student and insurgent), a vote, political guarantees and access to media for communications. They ask to negotiate the topics of constitutional norms regulating politics and international relations, and modification of the article XVIII of the constitution on the public force and of the presidency. The Armado Quintin Lame movement refuses to participate in negotiations as long as indigenous groups are not included.

Agreement document: CO_900924_ACUERDO ENTRE EL PCC M-L, EPL, QUINTÍN LAME Y PRT Y PARTIDOS POLITICOS - tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_900924_ACUERDO ENTRE EL PCC M-L, EPL, QUINTÍN LAME Y PRT Y PARTIDOS POLITICOS.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: Groups→Indigenous people→Rhetorical
Page 1, Article 4,
The guerrilla organisations that are present, the Communist Party of Colombia (Marxist–Leninist) (Partido Comunista de Colombia [Marxista Leninista], PCC), propose the expansion of the agreement, the inclusion of new issues regarding the participation of social movements, especially the indigenous, student and insurgent movements, voting with the use of polling cards, and a climate of political guarantees and access to the media.
•constitutional regulations for politics and international relations;
•possible modification of Title XVIII of the constitution regarding the public forces and modifications to the presidential regime in the form of a parliamentary regime.

Page 2, Untitled Afterword,
MAQL expresses the caveat that it will not participate in the talks and commissions appointed by the government so long as the indigenous movement does not obtain special participation in the constitution as an ethnic minority.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 1, Article 4,
The guerrilla organisations that are present, the Communist Party of Colombia (Marxist–Leninist) (Partido Comunista de Colombia [Marxista Leninista], PCC), propose the expansion of the agreement, the inclusion of new issues regarding the participation of social movements, especially the indigenous, student and insurgent movements, voting with the use of polling cards, and a climate of political guarantees and access to the media.
•constitutional regulations for politics and international relations;
•possible modification of Title XVIII of the constitution regarding the public forces and modifications to the presidential regime in the form of a parliamentary regime.

Page 2, Article 7,
As attendees of the meeting, we stress the importance of the efforts to expand the national debate to enrich the works and definitions for the assembly with broad participation from all social and political sectors, also taking advantage of the effect of committees.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: Governance→Constitution→Constitutional reform/making
Page 1, Article 1,
We reiterate the willingness of the participants to continue facilitating processes and mechanisms that link the National Constitutional Assembly to the political solution to the armed conflict. We reaffirm the conviction that the assembly must make an effective contribution to a path toward peace and democratisation.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: Page 1, Article 1,
We reiterate the willingness of the participants to continue facilitating processes and mechanisms that link the National Constitutional Assembly to the political solution to the armed conflict. We reaffirm the conviction that the assembly must make an effective contribution to a path toward peace and democratisation.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media roles
Page 1, Article 4,
The guerrilla organisations that are present, the Communist Party of Colombia (Marxist–Leninist) (Partido Comunista de Colombia [Marxista Leninista], PCC), propose the expansion of the agreement, the inclusion of new issues regarding the participation of social movements, especially the indigenous, student and insurgent movements, voting with the use of polling cards, and a climate of political guarantees and access to the media.
•constitutional regulations for politics and international relations;
•possible modification of Title XVIII of the constitution regarding the public forces and modifications to the presidential regime in the form of a parliamentary regime.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 1, Article 2,
The representatives of the signatory forces to the agreement acknowledge the progress in the peace process between the government and the Popular Liberation Army (Ejército Popular de Liberación, EPL), the Quintin Lame Armed Movement (Movimiento Armado Quintín Lame, MAQL), and the Revolutionary Workers’ Party (Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores, PRT). We regard the participation of representatives of these groups in the constitutional assembly as important for making progress toward democratisation and peaceful coexistence.

Page 1, Article 3,
We manifest our willingness to hear proposals from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia, FARC) and the Camilist Union-National Liberation Army (Union Camilista- Ejercito de Liberation Nacional, UC-ELN) and facilitate the search for ways to permit their involvement in the constitutional assembly.

Page 1, Article 4,
The guerrilla organisations that are present, the Communist Party of Colombia (Marxist–Leninist) (Partido Comunista de Colombia [Marxista Leninista], PCC), propose the expansion of the agreement, the inclusion of new issues regarding the participation of social movements, especially the indigenous, student and insurgent movements, voting with the use of polling cards, and a climate of political guarantees and access to the media.
•constitutional regulations for politics and international relations;
•possible modification of Title XVIII of the constitution regarding the public forces and modifications to the presidential regime in the form of a parliamentary regime.

Page 2, Article 6,
The signatories express their willingness to support all initiatives that make the agreements between guerrilla groups and the government regarding the assembly viable.

Page 2, Article 7,
As attendees of the meeting, we stress the importance of the efforts to expand the national debate to enrich the works and definitions for the assembly with broad participation from all social and political sectors, also taking advantage of the effect of committees.

Page 2, Untitled Afterword,
MAQL expresses the caveat that it will not participate in the talks and commissions appointed by the government so long as the indigenous movement does not obtain special participation in the constitution as an ethnic minority.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Acuerdos con el EPL, MAQL y CRS, Diálogos con la CGSB, Biblioteca de la Paz – 1990-1994, Fundación Cultura Democrática, Ed. Álvaro Villarraga Sarmiento, Bogotá D.C., 2009 (book III) p. 148

AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF COLOMBIA (MARXIST–LENINIST), THE QUINTIN LAME ARMED MOVEMENT, THE REVOLUTIONARY WORKERS’ PARTY AND POLITICAL PARTIES SIGNATORY TO THE CONSTITUTIONAL AGREEMENT IN LABORES, BELMIRA, ANTIOQUIA

24 September 1990

Based on the deliberations that have taken place, we inform the public of the following:

We reiterate the willingness of the participants to continue facilitating processes and mechanisms that link the National Constitutional Assembly to the political solution to the armed conflict.

We reaffirm the conviction that the assembly must make an effective contribution to a path toward peace and democratisation.

The representatives of the signatory forces to the agreement acknowledge the progress in the peace process between the government and the Popular Liberation Army (Ejército Popular de Liberación, EPL), the Quintin Lame Armed Movement (Movimiento Armado Quintín Lame, MAQL), and the Revolutionary Workers’ Party (Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores, PRT).

We regard the participation of representatives of these groups in the constitutional assembly as important for making progress toward democratisation and peaceful coexistence.

We manifest our willingness to hear proposals from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia, FARC) and the Camilist Union-National Liberation Army (Union Camilista- Ejercito de Liberation Nacional, UC-ELN) and facilitate the search for ways to permit their involvement in the constitutional assembly.

The guerrilla organisations that are present, the Communist Party of Colombia (Marxist–Leninist) (Partido Comunista de Colombia [Marxista Leninista], PCC), propose the expansion of the agreement, the inclusion of new issues regarding the participation of social movements, especially the indigenous, student and insurgent movements, voting with the use of polling cards, and a climate of political guarantees and access to the media.

The following topics are proposed:

constitutional regulations for politics and international relations;

possible modification of Title XVIII of the constitution regarding the public forces and modifications to the presidential regime in the form of a parliamentary regime.

The spokespeople for the signatory organisations take note of the proposals above, which they will examine together with the rest of the signatories where this is legally and politically possible.

The signatories express their willingness to support all initiatives that make the agreements between guerrilla groups and the government regarding the assembly viable.

As attendees of the meeting, we stress the importance of the efforts to expand the national debate to enrich the works and definitions for the assembly with broad participation from all social and political sectors, also taking advantage of the effect of committees.

MAQL expresses the caveat that it will not participate in the talks and commissions appointed by the government so long as the indigenous movement does not obtain special participation in the constitution as an ethnic minority.