Agreement Reached by both Field Commanders of the RI and the GAM

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Country/entity: Indonesia
Aceh
Region: Asia and Pacific
Agreement name: Agreement Reached by both Field Commanders of the RI and the GAM
Date: 10 Feb 2001
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Indonesian Conflicts (1976 - )
Aceh Conflict (1976 - )
After a decade of increasing grievances against the centralist tendencies of the Suharto-government, the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) started a military campaign in 1976 for the independence of the province in the far northeast of the Indonesian archipelago. After near defeat in 1979, GAM regained strength with Libyan support and the heaviest fighting occurred during the late 1980s when the Indonesian military intensified its violent counter-insurgency policies. The devastating tsunami in December 2004 effectively destroyed Aceh’s infrastructure and severely reduced the operational capabilities of GAM. This weakening led to a signed peace agreement in August 2005, facilitated by the Finish NGO CMI Peace Negotiations.

Indonesia-Moluccas Conflict (1999-2002)
The fall of Suharto in 1997 sparked off a number of conflicts across Indonesia. In the Moluccas region, the administrative division was divided into Moluccas and North Moluccas, thereby exacerbating a conflict characterised by communal and sectarian divisions. In part these divisions were a result of an official government transmigration programme running from late 1960s onwards that spurred conflict over resources, including land. Faith-based militias were generally responsible for the fighting from 1999 until 2002, including Laskar Jihad, and human rights abuses were committed by both sides. Opportunistic crime was also responsible for of the violence. The military campaign by Lashkar Islam was aimed to displacing Christian residents. One such event was the expulsion of the Christian residents of the Banda Islands in April 1999. The conflict ended with the signing of the Malino II Accord on 13 February 2002.
Stage: Ceasefire/related
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Indonesia-Aceh peace process
Parties: Representatives of the GAM, On behalf of Field Commanders of the AGAM,
1. TKG. AMRI BIN ABDUL WAHAB
2. TGK. SAIFUL BIN MUHAMMAD ALI

Representatives of the Government of the RI on Behalf of Field Commanders of the Aceh Police,
1. KOM. BES. DRS. SUYITNO
2. KOM. BES. POL. DRS. MANAHAN DAULAY

Witnessed by the Joint Committee of Security Modality of the RI and the GAM
Representative of the Free Aceh Movement (GAM
Tgk. Nashiruddin bin Ahmed

Representative of the Government of the RI
Kom. Bes. Drs. Ridhwan Karim
Third parties: The meeting was facilitated by Henry Dunant Center (HDC)
Description: Parties agree to desist from violence from 10 - 20 February 2001. Parties agree list of acitivities that constitute violent behaviour (annex). Parties agree on mechanisms to stop violence through coordination (annex - illegible). Parties to observe law and order in Aceh

Agreement document: ID_010210_Agreement Reached by both Field Commanders.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: Article 3: Both parties approve Actions considered violent activities and/or behavior (see list).

List in the attached and signed, Report on the Meeting between the Aceh Free Movement (GAM) and the Republic of Indonesia (RI)

Page 2, Activities/Actions considered Violence
...
o. Raping
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: Page 1, This agreement proves the goodwill of the decision makers to solve the Aceh conflict which may eventually lead to eternal peace. Therefore, we hope that all concerned community authorities sincerely welcome this agreement, are committed to participate in the successful implementation of this important decision.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: Page 1, 5. Both parties agree to maintain law and order in Aceh and to punish criminals and other violators. These actions are based on the legal procedures ad in the spirit of the previous meeting in Geneva, between the RI and GAM.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1, 1. Both parties agree to stop violence that brings about the death of the people in Aceh and the destruction of their properties. This agreemen (sic)
2. jmuhgjht (sic) will be effective from 10 to 20 February 2001.

Page 1, 3. Both parties approve actions considering violent activities and/or behavior (see list attached)

Page 1, 4. Both parties agree on the mechanisms applied to anticipate and stop violence in the field by means of socialization, coordination, communication and clarification within different field commanders.
Police: Page 1, The meeting took place at HDC office in Banda Aceh (Kuala Tripa Hotel). The participants of the meeting were: The Joint Committee on Security Modalities (JCSM), Monitoring Team for Security Modality (MTSM), Henry Dunant Center (HDC) and all parties representing the Aceh Police and the GAM.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: Transitional justice→Courts→National courts
Page 1, 5. Both parties agree to maintain law and order in Aceh and to punish criminals and other violators. These actions are based on the legal procedures ad in the spirit of the previous meeting in Geneva, between the RI and GAM.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue. On file with author.

One of the agreements that has been approved during the moratorium period is to hold a meeting with the field commanders of the Republic of Indonesia (RI) and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) in order to find appropriate mechanisms to stop violence in Aceh.

The meeting was facilitated by Henry Dunant Center (HDC) on 9 February 2011.

It was attended by the field commanders representing the RI and GAM.

The meeting took place at HDC office in Banda Aceh (Kuala Tripa Hotel).

The participants of the meeting were:

The Joint Committee on Security Modalities (JCSM), Monitoring Team for Security Modality (MTSM), Henry Dunant Center (HDC) and all parties representing the Aceh Police and the GAM.

The eight hour meeting succeeded to reach agreement on the following matters:

1. Both parties agree to stop violence that brings about the death of the people in Aceh and the destruction of their properties.

This agreemen (sic)

2. jmuhgjht (sic) will be effective from 10 to 20 February 2001.

3. Both parties approve actions considering violent activities and/or behavior (see list attached)

4. Both parties agree on the mechanisms applied to anticipate and stop violence in the field by means of socialization, coordination, communication and clarification within different field commanders.

5. Both parties agree to maintain law and order in Aceh and to punish criminals and other violators.

These actions are based on the legal procedures ad in the spirit of the previous meeting in Geneva, between the RI and GAM.

This agreement proves the goodwill of the decision makers to solve the Aceh conflict which may eventually lead to eternal peace.

Therefore, we hope that all concerned community authorities sincerely welcome this agreement, are committed to participate in the successful implementation of this important decision.

Released in :

Banda Aceh

Day/Date :

Saturday/ 10 February 2001

Representatives of the GAM, On behalf of Field Commanders of the AGAM,

1. TKG.

AMRI BIN ABDUL WAHAB

2. TGK.

SAIFUL BIN MUHAMMAD ALI

Representatives of the Government of the RI on Behalf of Field Commanders of the Aceh Police,

1. KOM.

BES.

DRS.

SUYITNO

2. KOM.

BES.

POL.

DRS.

MANAHAN DAULAY

Witnessed by the Joint Committee of Security Modality of the RI and the GAM

Representative of the Free Aceh Movement (GAM

Tgk. Nashiruddin bin Ahmed

Representative of the Government of the RI

Kom. Bes.

Drs.

Ridhwan Karim