Final Timetable for the Implementation of the Lusaka Protocol, Approved by the Joint Commission at Luanda, 9 January 1998

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Country/entity: Angola
Region: Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name: Final Timetable for the Implementation of the Lusaka Protocol, Approved by the Joint Commission at Luanda, 9 January 1998
Date: 9 Jan 1998
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Angolan Civil War (1975 - 2002)
The conflict has involved political divisions, and agreements emanate from two dyads. Unita-dyad. Immediately following Angola’s independence in 1975, a civil war broke out between the two main armed independence movements, the (then government) Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA). The UN-mediated Lusaka Protocol in November 1994 did not end fighting and another attempt in 1998 failed due to continuous ceasefire violations. After internal splits and the killing of their founder Jonas Savimbi, UNITA was defeated by MPLA forces in 2002.

Cabinda dyad. Additionally, in the Cabinda enclave, the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (FLEC) fought a low intensity guerrilla warfare against the MPLA government since independence, but by the early 2000s, FLEC had lost significant operational power and in 2006 the group eventually declared a ceasefire.
Stage: Implementation/renegotiation
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Angola: UNITA process
Parties: [Note: Parties not listed.]
Third parties: -
Description: Short agreement delineating the timetable for the implementation of the Lusaka Protocol. Drawn up by the Joint Commission legislated for in the Lusaka Protocol.

Agreement document: AO_980109_Timetable for Implementation of Lusaka.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: Page 2, Annex,
6. Conclusion of the extension of State administration. 27 January 1998
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: Power sharing→Political power sharing→General
State level
Page 2, Annex,
4. Total and complete legalization of UNITA. 4 February 1998

Page 2, Annex,
5. Promulgation of the special status of the President of UNITA. 9 February 1998

Page 2, Annex,
9. Installation of UNITA leadership in Luanda and 28 February 1998 extension of State administration in Andulo and Bailundo.
Power sharing→Political power sharing→Other proportionality
State level
Page 2, Annex,
7. Nomination of governors, vice-governors and ambassadors designated by UNITA. 6 February 1998
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media roles
Page 2, Annex,
10. Cessation of radio Vorgan broadcasts. 28 February 1998a (a Date which has been agreed by the parties, but not formally approved by the Joint Commission.)
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: Page 2, Annex,
2. Definition of the personal security detachment for the President of UNITA. 21 January 1998
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: Security sector→DDR→DDR programmes
Page 2, Annex,
1. Conclusion of the demobilization of UNITA residual forces, including the future of its general officers within the framework of the retirement plan. 28 January 1998

Page 2, Annex,
3. Declaration on the demilitarization of UNITA. 31 January 1998

Page 2, Annex,
8. Disarming of the civilian population. Ongoing (to resume as of 2 February 1998)
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 2, Annex,
4. Total and complete legalization of UNITA. 4 February 1998

Page 2, Annex,
5. Promulgation of the special status of the President of UNITA. 9 February 1998

Page 2, Annex,
7. Nomination of governors, vice-governors and ambassadors designated by UNITA. 6 February 1998

Page 2, Annex,
9. Installation of UNITA leadership in Luanda and 28 February 1998 extension of State administration in Andulo and Bailundo.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: Note: Plan is circulated as a UN Security Council document following a request by the UN Secretary General, Kofi A. Annan.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: UN Document S/1998/56. On file in 'new agreements'.

Annex

Final timetable for the implementation of the Lusaka Protocol, approved by the Joint Commission, at Luanda, 9 January 1998

Activity(ies)

1. Conclusion of the demobilization of UNITA residual forces, including the future of its general officers within the framework of the retirement plan.

2. Definition of the personal security detachment for the President of UNITA.

3. Declaration on the demilitarization of UNITA.

4. Total and complete legalization of UNITA.

5. Promulgation of the special status of the President of UNITA.

6. Conclusion of the extension of State administration.

7. Nomination of governors, vice-governors and ambassadors designated by UNITA.

8. Disarming of the civilian population.

9. Installation of UNITA leadership in Luanda and extension of State administration in Andulo and Bailundo.

10. Cessation of radio Vorgan broadcasts.

Deadline

1. 28 January 1998

2. 21 January 1998

3. 31 January 1998

4. 4 February 1998

5. 9 February 1998

6. 27 January 1998

7. 6 February 1998

8. Ongoing (to resume as of 2 February 1998)

9. 28 February 1998

10. 28 February 1998[a]

[a] Date which has been agreed by the parties, but not formally approved by the Joint Commission.